View source for Phulra

{{short description|Princely state of British India}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
| common_name            = Phulra
| conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Phulra
| native_name            = {{lang-pan|ریاست پھلڑا}}
| subdivision            = [[Princely states of Pakistan|Princely state]]
| nation                 = Pakistan
| image_flag             = 
| image_map              = Phulra map.gif
| image_map_caption      = Map of Pakistan with Phulra highlighted
| capital                = Amb, Pakistan
| stat_year1             = 
| stat_area1             = 98
| year_start             = 1828
| year_end               = 1950
| today                  = [[Pakistan]]<br>{{·}} [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
| footnotes              = [http://www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk/ Government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]
| demonym                = 
| government_type        = Jagirdar
| era                    = 
| p1                     = 
| s1                     = North-West Frontier Province
| event_end              = 
| flag_p1                = 
| flag_s1                = Flag_of_Pakistan.svg
}}
{{Princely states topics}}
{{Former administrative units of Pakistan}}

'''Phulra''' or the '''State of Phulra'''  ({{nq|ریاست پھلڑا}}) was a Muslim [[princely state]] in the days of [[British Raj]] and ruled by the [[Tanoli]] tribe,<ref>Y-chromosome [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/The%20Emperor%20of%20India?iframe=yresults Genetic family Vol. 99 Sub.division] Tanoli own history and DNA analysis ( [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European family]]) classify."</ref> located in the region of the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North West Frontier]] to the east of the nearby parent princely state of [[Amb (princely state)|Amb (Tanawal)]].<ref name="gazetteer" />

The territory covered by the state remains part of the present-day [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]], as a [[Union Councils of Pakistan|Union Council]] of the [[tehsil]] of [[Mansehra]].<ref name=gazetteer/>

== History ==
[[File:Phulra, 1833.jpg|thumb|A fort in ''Phulra'', 1833]]
The state was founded in 1828, when Nawab Khan, the ruler of [[Amb (princely state)|Amb]], granted the area of Phulra as a small principality to his son, [[Maddad Khan Tanoli]]. There is some uncertainty as to whether Phulra ranked as a full princely state of India before 1919, and until then it may have had the status of a feudatory landed estate, but it was given British imperial state recognition as Phulra was recognised as a princely state in 1828 and 1921, in the official [[Imperial Gazetteer of India|Imperial Gazetteer of Indian Empire]]. Phulrah had been under suzerainty of the [[Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir|Raja of Kashmir]] until 1889, when it accepted a British [[protectorate]], entering into a [[subsidiary alliance]] with British India. 

In 1947, soon after the British had departed from the [[Indian subcontinent]], the last ruler of Phulra signed an [[Instrument of Accession]] to the new [[Dominion of Pakistan]], and Phulra was a [[Princely states of Pakistan|princely state of Pakistan]] from then until September 1950, when it was incorporated into the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North West Frontier Province]] following the death of its last ruler.<ref name=gazetteer>''The Pakistan Gazetteer'', vol. 5 (Cosmo Publications, 2000), p. 243</ref>

== Dynasty ==
The state was ruled by a collateral line of the hereditary Tanoli Nawabs (rulers) of Amb. Amb and Phulra together were sometimes referred to as "Feudal Tanawal".<ref>
Hubert Digby Watson, ''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1907'', p. 187</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Tenure||Nawabs of Phulra
|-
|1810-1818
|[[Mir Nawab Khan Tanoli]]
|-
|
1828-1857
|Khan [[Maddad Khan Tanoli]]
|-
|1858-1890||Khan Abdullah Khan Tanoli
|-
|1890-1908||Khan Abdul (Abdur) Rahman Khan Tanoli
|-
|1908-1932||Nawab Ata Muhammad Khan Tanoli (1879–1932) State was founded.
|-
|1932-1950||Nawab Abdul Latif Khan Tanoli (1907–1950)
|-
|September 1950||State of Phulra abolished
|}

=== Descendants of Maddad Khan ===
[[Maddad Khan Tanoli|Maddad Khan]], the original Khan of Phulra, had two branches of offspring.<ref>Major H Wace 'District Settlement Report on Hazara' 1874</ref> After the State of Phulra was abolished, both these branches continued to reside in the area. The descendants of its last Nawab, Abdul Latif Khan Tanoli, remained in the area as private residents.<ref>Imperial ''Gazettze'' of India rule . ''[[British Raj|Principle States in British India.]]''</ref>

Of the junior branch, [[Maddad Khan Tanoli]] had four sons from one wife: Ameer Khan Tanoli, Abdullah Khan Tanoli, Arsla Khan Tanoli and Hussain Khan Tanoli, whose son was [[Safiullah Khan Tanoli]].<ref name=":0">This information is taken from their descendants that are still surviving.</ref><ref>Governor-General's Orders GGO NO. 51 of 1921, given at Simla, vide section B of the Gazette of India</ref> From his second wife, Bahadur Khan Tanoli had one other surviving son.<ref name=":0" /> Their descendants are living today as private citizens in [[Gojra]], Masand, Doga, [[Shergarh, Mansehra|Shergarh]], [[Kangra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Kangra]], and in [[Rawalpindi District|Rawalpindi]].<ref name=":0" />

==See also==
*[[Amb (princely state)]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links and sources ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110225010611/http://khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk/ Government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]{{Verification needed|date=January 2020}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060127012942/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/ Government of Pakistan]{{Verification needed|date=January 2020}}
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Pakistan_princes.html WorldStatesmen - Pakistan - Princely States]
* https://www.scribd.com/doc/63020034/Tarikh-E-Hazara-Original-by-Dr-Sher-Bahadur-Khan-Punni-V01

{{Princely states of Pakistan}}

[[Category:Mansehra District]]
[[Category:Princely states of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Princely states of India]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1828]]
[[Category:1950 disestablishments in Pakistan]]