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{{Short description|Union Army general (1824–1868)}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
|name= Charles Leopold Matthies
|name= Charles Leopold Matthies
|birth_date= {{birth date|1824|5|31}}
|birth_date= {{birth date|1824|5|31}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1868|10|16|1824|5|31}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1868|10|16|1824|5|31}}
|birth_place= [[Bromberg]], [[Prussia]]
|birth_place= [[Bromberg]], Prussia
|death_place= [[Burlington, Iowa|Burlington]], [[Iowa]]
|death_place= [[Burlington, Iowa]], U.S.
|placeofburial= Aspen Grove Cemetery, Burlington, Iowa
|placeofburial= [[Aspen Grove Cemetery (Burlington, Iowa)|Aspen Grove Cemetery]]<br />Burlington, Iowa, U.S.
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial
|image=
|image=
|caption=
|caption=
|allegiance= [[Kingdom of Prussia]]<br/>[[United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|allegiance= Prussia<br/>United States<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|branch= [[Prussian Army]]<br/>[[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]]
|branch= Prussian Army<br/>US Army<br/>[[Union Army]]
|serviceyears= 1848-1849<br/>1861-1864
|serviceyears= 1848-1849<br/>1861-1864
|rank=[[File:Union Army brigadier general rank insignia.svg|35px]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]]
|rank=[[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]]
|commands= [[1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]<br/>[[5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]
|commands= [[1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]<br/>[[5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]
|unit=
|unit=
|battles= [[American Civil War]]<br/>
|battles= {{tree list}}
* [[American Civil War]]
*[[Battle of Island Number Ten]]
** [[Battle of Island Number Ten]]
*[[Battle of Iuka]]
** [[Battle of Iuka]]
*[[Second Battle of Corinth|Battle of Corinth]]
** [[Second Battle of Corinth|Battle of Corinth]]
*[[Battle of Jackson, Mississippi|Battle of Jackson]]
** [[Battle of Jackson, Mississippi|Battle of Jackson]]
*[[Siege of Vicksburg]]
** [[Siege of Vicksburg]]
*[[Battle of Missionary Ridge]]
** [[Battle of Missionary Ridge]]
{{tree list/end}}
|awards=
|awards=
|laterwork=
|laterwork=
}}
}}


'''Charles Leopold Matthies'''<ref name="multiple">Eicher p.367</ref> (or '''Karl Leopold Matthies'''<ref name="multiple"/><ref name="many">[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6201947 Find-A-Grave]</ref>) (31 May, 1824 &ndash; 16 October, 1868) was a Prussian soldier, revolutionary and [[Union Army]] officer during the [[American Civil War]], rising to the rank of brigadier general.
'''Charles Leopold Matthies'''<ref name="multiple">Eicher p.367</ref> (or '''Karl Leopold Matthies'''<ref name="multiple"/>) (31 May 1824 &ndash; 16 October 1868) was a Prussian soldier, revolutionary and [[Union Army]] officer during the [[American Civil War]], rising to the rank of brigadier general.


[[File:18-14-136-vicksburg.jpg|thumb|left|bust of Matthies by [[Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson]] at [[Vicksburg National Military Park]]]]
[[File:18-14-136-matthies-crop.jpg|thumb|left|Relief portrait by [[Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson]] at [[Vicksburg National Military Park]]]]


==Biography==
==Biography==
Matthies was born in Bromberg, Prussia (Bydgoszcz, Poland) and worked as a farmer early in life. He served in the Prussian Army during the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the German states]]. Matthies emigrated to the United States in 1849 and settled in Iowa where he became a successful liquor merchant.<ref name="multiple"/><ref name="many"/><ref>[http://www.confederateamericanpride.com/LincolnPutsch.html The Lincoln Putsch: America's Bolshevik Revolution]</ref>
Matthies was born in Bromberg, Prussia (Bydgoszcz, Poland) and worked as a farmer early in life. He served in the Prussian Army during the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the German states]]. Matthies emigrated to the United States in 1849 and settled in Iowa where he became a successful liquor merchant.<ref name="multiple"/><ref>[http://www.confederateamericanpride.com/LincolnPutsch.html The Lincoln Putsch: America's Bolshevik Revolution]</ref>


Once the Civil War began, Matthies immediately volunteered for the Union Army. On May 14, 1861 he became a [[Captain (United States O-3)|captain]] in the [[1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]. Soon after on July 23, 1861 he was appointed [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]] of the [[5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]. Matthies first saw action at the [[Battle of Island Number Ten]]. He was appointed [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] on May 23, 1862 and fought at the battles of [[Battle of Iuka|Iuka]] and [[Second Battle of Corinth|Corinth]]. During the winter of 1862-1863 he was in command of a brigade in the [[Army of the Tennessee]].
Once the Civil War began, Matthies immediately volunteered for the Union Army. On May 14, 1861, he became a [[Captain (United States O-3)|captain]] in the [[1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]. Soon after on July 23, 1861, he was appointed [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]] of the [[5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment|5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry]]. Matthies first saw action at the [[Battle of Island Number Ten]]. He was appointed [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] on May 23, 1862, and fought at the battles of [[Battle of Iuka|Iuka]] and [[Second Battle of Corinth|Corinth]]. During the winter of 1862-1863 he was in command of a brigade in the [[Army of the Tennessee]].


On April 4, 1864 he was promoted to [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]] of U.S. Volunteers, to rank from November 29, 1862. He was placed in command of the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division in [[William T. Sherman]]’s [[XV Corps (Union Army)|XV Corps]]. Matthies led this brigade during the [[Vicksburg Campaign]], fighting at the [[Battle of Jackson, Mississippi|Battle of Jackson]] and in the [[Siege of Vicksburg|assaults on Vicksburg]]. During the following siege, Matthies’ brigade was transferred to the 7th Division of the [[XVII Corps (Union Army)|XVII Corps]].
On April 4, 1864, he was promoted to [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]] of U.S. Volunteers, to rank from November 29, 1862. He was placed in command of the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division in [[William T. Sherman]]’s [[XV Corps (Union Army)|XV Corps]]. Matthies led this brigade during the [[Vicksburg Campaign]], fighting at the [[Battle of Jackson, Mississippi|Battle of Jackson]] and in the [[Siege of Vicksburg|assaults on Vicksburg]]. During the following siege, Matthies’ brigade was transferred to the 7th Division of the [[XVII Corps (Union Army)|XVII Corps]].


In September 1863 Matthies’ brigade became the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XVII Corps and was sent to the aid of the besieged Union forces at Chattanooga. During the [[battle of Missionary Ridge]], he participated in Sherman’s attack against the [[Patrick Cleburne]]’s division near Tunnel Hill. During the attack Matthies was wounded in the head and had to relinquish field command.<ref name="much">Eicher p.368</ref> His head injury prevented him from returning to command until March 1864 when he resumed command of his brigade, now the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XV Corps. He held this command only briefly as his injury forced him to resign from the army on May 16, 1864.
In September 1863 Matthies’ brigade became the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XVII Corps and was sent to the aid of the besieged Union forces at Chattanooga. During the [[battle of Missionary Ridge]], he participated in Sherman’s attack against the [[Patrick Cleburne]]’s division near Tunnel Hill. During the attack Matthies was wounded in the head and had to relinquish field command.<ref name="much">Eicher p.368</ref> His head injury prevented him from returning to command until March 1864 when he resumed command of his brigade, now the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XV Corps. He held this command only briefly as his injury forced him to resign from the army on May 16, 1864.


He returned to Iowa where he was elected to the [[Iowa Senate]], representing [[Iowa Senate, District 10|District 10]] as a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]].<ref name="much"/><ref name="iaga">{{cite news |title=Senator Charles Leopold Matthies |url=https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislators/legislator?ga=12&personID=5167 |access-date=December 4, 2023 |agency=Iowa General Assembly}}</ref>
He returned to Iowa where he was elected to the Iowa State Legislature.<ref name="much"/>


He died shortly after the end of the war on October 16, 1868 in [[Burlington, Iowa]].
He died shortly after the end of the war on October 16, 1868, in [[Burlington, Iowa]]. He is buried at [[Aspen Grove Cemetery (Burlington, Iowa)|Aspen Grove Cemetery]] in Burlington.<ref name="iaga"/>


==See also==
==See also==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Matthies, Charles L.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Matthies, Charles L.}}
[[Category:German emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Prussian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Prussian Army personnel]]
[[Category:Prussian Army personnel]]
[[Category:People of the Revolutions of 1848]]
[[Category:German people of the Revolutions of 1848]]
[[Category:United States Army generals]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Bydgoszcz]]
[[Category:Union Army generals]]
[[Category:Union army generals]]
[[Category:1824 births]]
[[Category:1824 births]]
[[Category:1868 deaths]]
[[Category:1868 deaths]]
[[Category:Politicians from Burlington, Iowa]]
[[Category:Republican Party Iowa state senators]]
[[Category:People of Iowa in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:19th-century American legislators]]

Latest revision as of 22:03, 31 October 2024

Charles Leopold Matthies
Born(1824-05-31)May 31, 1824
Bromberg, Prussia
DiedOctober 16, 1868(1868-10-16) (aged 44)
Burlington, Iowa, U.S.
Place of burial
Aspen Grove Cemetery
Burlington, Iowa, U.S.
AllegiancePrussia
United States
Union
Service / branchPrussian Army
US Army
Union Army
Years of service1848-1849
1861-1864
RankBrigadier General
Commands1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry
5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry
Battles / wars

Charles Leopold Matthies[1] (or Karl Leopold Matthies[1]) (31 May 1824 – 16 October 1868) was a Prussian soldier, revolutionary and Union Army officer during the American Civil War, rising to the rank of brigadier general.

Relief portrait by Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson at Vicksburg National Military Park

Biography

[edit]

Matthies was born in Bromberg, Prussia (Bydgoszcz, Poland) and worked as a farmer early in life. He served in the Prussian Army during the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states. Matthies emigrated to the United States in 1849 and settled in Iowa where he became a successful liquor merchant.[1][2]

Once the Civil War began, Matthies immediately volunteered for the Union Army. On May 14, 1861, he became a captain in the 1st Iowa Volunteer Infantry. Soon after on July 23, 1861, he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry. Matthies first saw action at the Battle of Island Number Ten. He was appointed colonel on May 23, 1862, and fought at the battles of Iuka and Corinth. During the winter of 1862-1863 he was in command of a brigade in the Army of the Tennessee.

On April 4, 1864, he was promoted to brigadier general of U.S. Volunteers, to rank from November 29, 1862. He was placed in command of the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division in William T. Sherman’s XV Corps. Matthies led this brigade during the Vicksburg Campaign, fighting at the Battle of Jackson and in the assaults on Vicksburg. During the following siege, Matthies’ brigade was transferred to the 7th Division of the XVII Corps.

In September 1863 Matthies’ brigade became the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XVII Corps and was sent to the aid of the besieged Union forces at Chattanooga. During the battle of Missionary Ridge, he participated in Sherman’s attack against the Patrick Cleburne’s division near Tunnel Hill. During the attack Matthies was wounded in the head and had to relinquish field command.[3] His head injury prevented him from returning to command until March 1864 when he resumed command of his brigade, now the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XV Corps. He held this command only briefly as his injury forced him to resign from the army on May 16, 1864.

He returned to Iowa where he was elected to the Iowa Senate, representing District 10 as a Republican.[3][4]

He died shortly after the end of the war on October 16, 1868, in Burlington, Iowa. He is buried at Aspen Grove Cemetery in Burlington.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
  1. ^ a b c Eicher p.367
  2. ^ The Lincoln Putsch: America's Bolshevik Revolution
  3. ^ a b Eicher p.368
  4. ^ a b "Senator Charles Leopold Matthies". Iowa General Assembly. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
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