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Coordinates: 41°18′40″N 105°35′37″W / 41.31111°N 105.59361°W / 41.31111; -105.59361
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{{Distinguish|Fort Laramie, Wyoming}}
{{redirect|Laramie}}
{{Distinguish|Fort Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie County, Wyoming}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Laramie, Wyoming
| name = Laramie, Wyoming
| settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|City]]
| settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|City]]
<!-- Images -->| image_skyline = Laramie Downtown Historic District.jpg
<!-- Images -->| image_skyline = Laramie Downtown Historic District.jpg
| image_caption = Downtown Laramie Historic District
| image_caption = Downtown Laramie Historic District
| image_flag =
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| image_seal =
| nickname =
| nickname =
| motto = Gem City of the Plains
<!-- Maps -->| image_map = Albany County Wyoming incorporated and unincorporated areas Laramie highlighted.svg
| motto = Gem City of the Plains
| mapsize =
<!-- Maps -->| image_map = Albany County Wyoming incorporated and unincorporated areas Laramie highlighted.svg
| map_caption = Location in [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany County]] and the state of [[Wyoming]].
| mapsize =
<!-- Location -->| coordinates = {{coord|41|18|40|N|105|35|37|W|region:US-WY|display=inline,title}}
| map_caption = Location in [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany County]] and the state of [[Wyoming]].
| subdivision_type = Country
<!-- Location -->| coordinates = {{coord|41|18|40|N|105|35|37|W|region:US-WY|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_name1 = [[Wyoming]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Wyoming]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Wyoming|County]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Wyoming|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| established_title =
| subdivision_name2 = [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| established_date = <!-- Government -->
| established_title =
| government_type = [[Council–manager]]
| established_date = <!-- Government -->
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = [[Council–manager]]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Brian Harrington
| leader_name = Paul Weaver
<!-- Area -->| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_56.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
<!-- Area -->| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_total_km2 = 47.61
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_56.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi = 18.38
| area_total_km2 = 47.61
| area_total_sq_mi = 18.38
| area_land_km2 = 47.55
| area_land_km2 = 47.55
| area_land_sq_mi = 18.36
| area_land_sq_mi = 18.36
| area_water_km2 = 0.06
| area_water_km2 = 0.06
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.02
| area_water_percent =
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.02
| area_water_percent =
| elevation_m = 2184
| elevation_m = 2184
| elevation_ft = 7165
<!-- Population -->| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| elevation_ft = 7165
| population_total = 31407
<!-- Population -->| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_density_km2 = 701.16
| population_total = 31407
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = 701.16
| population_metro = 38943
| population_urban =
| population_metro = 38943
<!-- General information -->| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = −7
<!-- General information -->| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = −7
| timezone_DST = [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = −6
| timezone_DST = [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]
| utc_offset_DST = −6
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]
| postal_code = 82070-82073
| area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| postal_code = 82070-82073
| area_code = 307
| area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| area_code = 307
| blank_info = 56-45050<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank_info = 56-45050<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_info = 1590526<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| website = {{URL|https://www.cityoflaramie.org/}}
| blank1_info = 1590526<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
| pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="CityandTownPopulationTotals">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2010s-total-cities-and-towns.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|https://www.cityoflaramie.org/}}
| population_density_sq_mi = 1781.74
| pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="CityandTownPopulationTotals">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2010s-total-cities-and-towns.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
| population_density_sq_mi = 1781.74
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
}}
}}


'''Laramie''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ær|ə|m|i}}) is a [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|city]] in and the [[county seat]] of [[Albany County, Wyoming]], United States known for its high elevation at 7,200 feet, railroad history, and as the higher-education center for the state of Wyoming. The population was estimated 31,407 in [[2020 United States census|2020]], making it the [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|4th most populous city]] in [[Wyoming]].<ref>{{Cite web|title= City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2019|url= https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2010s-total-cities-and-towns.html|access-date=2021-01-11|website=census.gov}}</ref> Located on the [[Laramie River]] in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of Cheyenne and 25 miles north of the Colorado state line, at the junction of [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]] and [[U.S. Route 287#Wyoming|U.S. Route 287]].
'''Laramie''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ær|ə|m|i}}) is a [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|city]] in and the [[county seat]] of [[Albany County, Wyoming]], United States, known for its high elevation at {{convert|7,200|ft}}, railroad history, and as the home of the [[University of Wyoming]]. The population was 31,407 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], making it the [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|fourth-most populous city]] in [[Wyoming]].<ref>{{Cite web|title= City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2019|url= https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2010s-total-cities-and-towns.html|access-date=January 11, 2021|website=census.gov}}</ref> Located on the [[Laramie River]] in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of Cheyenne and {{convert|25|mi}} north of the Colorado state line, at the junction of [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]] and [[U.S. Route 287#Wyoming|U.S. Route 287]].


After 12,000 years or more of Indigenous populations living in the area,<ref>https://www.wyomingnews.com/laramieboomerang/news/reveling-in-relics-excavation-continues-at-willow-springs-this-summer/article_25fc5daf-e00f-587a-9db5-7f8d0ac0fba9.html</ref> Laramie was settled by European Americans in 1868 with the completion of the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] line to the area, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. The river and several creeks fed by freshwater springs made the area an attractive place for settlement. It is home to the [[University of Wyoming]], [[WyoTech]], and a branch of [[Laramie County Community College]]. [[Laramie Regional Airport]] serves Laramie. The ruins of [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders]], an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]] and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], the city draws outdoor enthusiasts with its abundance of outdoor activities.
After 12,000 years or more of Indigenous populations living in the area,<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wyomingnews.com/laramieboomerang/news/reveling-in-relics-excavation-continues-at-willow-springs-this-summer/article_25fc5daf-e00f-587a-9db5-7f8d0ac0fba9.html | title=Reveling in relics: Excavation continues at Willow Springs this summer | date=June 22, 2022 }}</ref> Laramie was settled by European Americans in 1868 with the completion of the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] line to the area, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. The river and several creeks fed by freshwater springs made the area an attractive place for settlement. It is home to the [[University of Wyoming]], [[WyoTech]], and a branch of [[Laramie County Community College]]. [[Laramie Regional Airport]] serves Laramie. The ruins of [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders]], an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]] and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], the city draws outdoor enthusiasts with its abundance of outdoor activities.


== Name Origins ==
== Etymology ==
Laramie is named for [[Jacques La Ramee|Jacques LaRamie]], a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the early 1820s and was never heard from again. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area. European-American settlers named a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city for him. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than for any other trapper but [[Jim Bridger]].<ref>Parkin, Patsy, [http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm "Jacques LaRamie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225233349/http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm |date=February 25, 2010 }}, 2000. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.</ref> Because the name was used so frequently, the town was called Laramie City for decades to distinguish it from other uses.
Laramie is named for [[Jacques La Ramee|Jacques LaRamie]], a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the early 1820s. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area. European-American settlers named a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city for him. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than for any other trapper but [[Jim Bridger]].<ref>Parkin, Patsy, [http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm "Jacques LaRamie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225233349/http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm |date=February 25, 2010 }}, 2000. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.</ref> Because the name was used so frequently, the [[town]] was called Laramie City for decades to distinguish it from other uses.


== Founding ==
== Founding ==
The city was founded in the mid-1860s as a tent city near the [[Overland Stage Line]] route, the [[Union Pacific Railroad|Union Pacific]] portion of the [[first transcontinental railroad]], and just north of Fort Sanders army post. The rails reached Laramie on May 4, 1868 when construction crews worked through town. A few passengers arrived on that same day.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=May 5, 1868|title=Railroad}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Cheyenne Leader|date=May 5, 1868|title=Railroad arrives}}</ref> The first regular passenger service began on May 10, 1868, by which time entrepreneurs were building more permanent structures. Laramie City (as it was known in early years) soon had stores, houses, a school, and churches.<ref name="museum">[http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html "Laramie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928125311/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html |date=September 28, 2007 }} Laramie Plains Museum. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> Laramie's fame as the western terminal of the Union Pacific Railroad, acquired when the {{convert|268|mi|km|adj=on}} section from [[North Platte, Nebraska]] was opened in May, ended in early August 1868 when a {{convert|93|mi|km|adj=on}} section of track was opened to Benton, {{convert|6|mi|km}} east of present-day [[Sinclair, Wyoming]].
The city was founded in the mid-1860s as a tent city near the [[Overland Stage Line]] route, the [[Union Pacific Railroad|Union Pacific]] portion of the [[first transcontinental railroad]], and just north of Fort Sanders army post. The rails reached Laramie on May 4, 1868, when construction crews worked through town. A few passengers arrived on that same day.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=May 5, 1868|title=Railroad}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Cheyenne Leader|date=May 5, 1868|title=Railroad arrives}}</ref> The first regular passenger service began on May 10, 1868, by which time entrepreneurs were building more permanent structures. Laramie City (as it was known in early years) soon had stores, houses, a school, and churches.<ref name="museum">[http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html "Laramie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928125311/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html |date=September 28, 2007 }} Laramie Plains Museum. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> Laramie's fame as the western terminal of the Union Pacific Railroad, acquired when the {{convert|268|mi|km|adj=on}} section from [[North Platte, Nebraska]], was opened in May, ended in early August 1868 when a {{convert|93|mi|km|adj=on}} section of track was opened to Benton, {{convert|6|mi|km}} east of present-day [[Sinclair, Wyoming]].


The frontier town initially suffered from lawlessness. Its first [[mayor]], M. C. Brown, resigned his office on June 12, 1868 after six turbulent weeks, saying that the other officials elected alongside him on May 2 were guilty of "incapacity and laxity" in dealing with the city's problems.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=June 16, 1868|title=Mayor Resigns}}</ref> This was due to the threat to the community from three half-brothers, early [[Old West]] [[gunfighter|gunman]] [[Steve Long|"Big" Steve Long]], Con Moyer and Ace Moyer. Long was Laramie's first [[marshal]], and with his brothers owned the [[Western saloon|saloon]] ''Bucket of Blood.'' The three began harassing settlers, forcing them to sign over the deeds to their property to them. Any who refused were killed, usually goaded into a gunfight by Long. By October 1868, Long had killed 13&nbsp;men.
The frontier town initially suffered from lawlessness. Its first [[mayor]], [[Melville C. Brown|M. C. Brown]], resigned his office on June 12, 1868, after six turbulent weeks, saying that the other officials elected alongside him on May 2 were guilty of "incapacity and laxity" in dealing with the city's problems.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=June 16, 1868|title=Mayor Resigns}}</ref> This was due to the threat to the community from three half-brothers, early [[Old West]] [[gunfighter|gunman]] [[Steve Long|"Big" Steve Long]], Con Moyer and Ace Moyer. Long was Laramie's first [[marshal]], and with his brothers owned the [[Western saloon|saloon]] Bucket of Blood. The three began harassing settlers, forcing them to sign over the deeds to their property to them. Any who refused were killed, usually goaded into a gunfight by Long. By October 1868, Long had killed 13&nbsp;men.


The first Albany County [[sheriff]], rancher [[N. K. Boswell]], organized a "Vigilance Committee" in response. On October 28, 1868, Boswell led the committee into the ''Bucket of Blood,'' overwhelmed the three brothers, and [[lynching|lynched]] them at an unfinished cabin down the street. Through a series of other lynchings and other forms of intimidation, the vigilantes reduced the "unruly element" and established a semblance of law and order.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm "Chapter 3: Coming of Rails"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218075354/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm |date=December 18, 2007 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref>
The first Albany County [[sheriff]], rancher [[N. K. Boswell]], organized a "Vigilance Committee" in response. On October 28, 1868, Boswell led the committee into the Bucket of Blood, overwhelmed the three brothers, and [[lynching|lynched]] them at an unfinished cabin down the street. Through a series of other lynchings and other forms of intimidation, the vigilantes reduced the "unruly element" and established a semblance of law and order.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm "Chapter 3: Coming of Rails"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218075354/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm |date=December 18, 2007 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref>


[[File:University of wyoming 1908 crop.jpg|thumb|left|175px|"Old Main" building at the<br>[[University of Wyoming]]<br>in Laramie - 1908]]
[[File:University of wyoming 1908 crop.jpg|thumb|left|175px|"Old Main" building at the<br>[[University of Wyoming]]<br>in Laramie, 1908]]


By the end of the decade, Laramie became the cultural and economic center of the newly organized [[Wyoming Territory]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1869, Wyoming's first legislature passed a bill granting equal political rights to women in the territory. In March 1870, five Laramie residents became the first women in the world to serve on a jury.<ref name=":0">[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm "Chapter 4: Establishing the Territory and Granting Women Equal Rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219191341/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm |date=December 19, 2007 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> As Laramie was the first town in Wyoming to hold a municipal election, on September 6, 1870, Laramie resident [[Louisa Swain]] was the first woman in the United States to cast a legal vote in a general election.<ref name="museum" />
By the end of the decade, Laramie became the cultural and economic center of the newly organized [[Wyoming Territory]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1869, Wyoming's first legislature passed a bill granting equal political rights to women in the territory. In March 1870, five Laramie residents became the first women in the world to serve on a jury.<ref name=":0">[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm "Chapter 4: Establishing the Territory and Granting Women Equal Rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219191341/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm |date=December 19, 2007 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> As Laramie was the first town in Wyoming to hold a municipal election, on September 6, 1870, Laramie resident [[Louisa Swain]] was the first woman in the United States to cast a legal vote in a general election.<ref name="museum" />
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===Late 20th century to present===
===Late 20th century to present===
The city was covered by international media in 1998 after the murder of [[Matthew Shepard]], who was a gay student at the University of Wyoming. His murder generated an international outcry.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/195158.stm | work=BBC News | title=Americans mourn gay hate-crime victim | date=October 17, 1998}}</ref> It became the symbolic focus for a nationwide campaign against gay hate crimes. Federal [[hate crimes]] legislation was signed into law in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/columns/ci_13628360|title=Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act passes Congress, finally|website=Mercurynews.com|access-date=January 9, 2018}}</ref> As of September 2021, Wyoming does not have a hate crimes law,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hcn.org/issues/48.9/its-still-dangerous-to-be-gay-in-wyoming|title=It's still dangerous to be gay in Wyoming|access-date=April 15, 2017|language=en-us}}</ref> having failed to pass its most recent attempt at a hate crimes law in March 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wyoming shelves hate crime law decades after Shepard's death |url=https://apnews.com/article/legislature-wyoming-legislation-hate-crimes-crime-48af2dad7b9fd2f480a469abd9168542 |website=AP NEWS |date=March 12, 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Shepard's murder was the subject of the award-winning play, later adapted as a movie, ''[[The Laramie Project]]''.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/17/arts/17iht-laramie.1.16232258.html Matthew Shepard and Laramie: A crime that lingers], ''[[The New York Times]],'' Retrieved on January 22, 2011.</ref>
The city was covered by international media in 1998 after the murder of [[Matthew Shepard]], who was a gay student at the University of Wyoming. His murder generated an international outcry.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/195158.stm | publisher=BBC News | title=Americans mourn gay hate-crime victim | date=October 17, 1998}}</ref> It became the symbolic focus for a nationwide campaign against gay [[hate crime]]s. Federal hate crimes legislation was signed into law in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/columns/ci_13628360|title=Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act passes Congress, finally|website=Mercurynews.com|access-date=January 9, 2018}}</ref> As of May 2023, Wyoming does not have a hate crimes law,<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 26, 2023 |title=A proposed hate crime ordinance draws strongly divided opinions from Gillette residents |url=https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/open-spaces/2023-05-26/a-proposed-hate-crime-ordinance-draws-strongly-divided-opinions-from-gillette-residents |access-date= |language=en-us}}</ref> having failed to pass its most recent attempt at a hate crimes law in March 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wyoming shelves hate crime law decades after Shepard's death |url=https://apnews.com/article/legislature-wyoming-legislation-hate-crimes-crime-48af2dad7b9fd2f480a469abd9168542 |website=AP NEWS |date=March 12, 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Shepard's murder was the subject of the award-winning play, later adapted as a movie, ''[[The Laramie Project]]''.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/17/arts/17iht-laramie.1.16232258.html Matthew Shepard and Laramie: A crime that lingers], ''[[The New York Times]]'', Retrieved on January 22, 2011.</ref>


In 2004, Laramie became the first city in Wyoming to pass a law to prohibit smoking in enclosed workplaces, including bars, restaurants and private clubs. Opponents of the clean indoor air [[Local ordinance|ordinance]], funded in part by the [[R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company]], immediately petitioned to have the ordinance repealed. However, the voters upheld the ordinance in a citywide [[referendum]] which was conducted concurrently with the 2004 general election. The opponents challenged the validity of the election in court, claiming various irregularities. However, the judge ruled that the opponents had failed to meet their burden of showing significant problems with the election, and the ordinance, which had become effective in April 2005, remained in effect.<ref>[http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 Laramie Smoking Ban Subject of Television Program Tuesday"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231152744/http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 |date=December 31, 2007 }} University of Wyoming news release, October 16, 2006. Retrieved on August 10, 2007.</ref> In August 2005, Laramie's City Council defeated an attempt to amend the ordinance to allow smoking in bars and private clubs.<br />
In 2004, Laramie became the first city in Wyoming to pass a law to prohibit smoking in enclosed workplaces, including bars, restaurants and private clubs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=correspondent |first=W. Dale Nelson Star-Tribune |date=November 4, 2004 |title=Laramie approves smoking ban |url=https://trib.com/news/state-and-regional/laramie-approves-smoking-ban/article_2380808a-2ede-51c3-8a89-8f565330113d.html |access-date=February 13, 2024 |website=Casper Star-Tribune |language=en}}</ref> Opponents of the clean indoor air [[Local ordinance|ordinance]], funded in part by the [[R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company]], immediately petitioned to have the ordinance repealed. However, the voters upheld the ordinance in a citywide [[referendum]] which was conducted concurrently with the 2004 general election. The opponents challenged the validity of the election in court, claiming various irregularities. The judge ruled that the opponents had failed to meet their burden of showing significant problems with the election, and the ordinance, which had become effective in April 2005, remained in effect.<ref>[http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 Laramie Smoking Ban Subject of Television Program Tuesday"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231152744/http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 |date=December 31, 2007 }} University of Wyoming news release, October 16, 2006. Retrieved on August 10, 2007.</ref> In August 2005, Laramie's City Council defeated an attempt to amend the ordinance to allow smoking in bars and private clubs.<br />
{{wide image|WY 1908 St. scene, Laramie.jpg|1000px|alt=Laramie, 1908|Laramie, 1908}}
{{wide image|WY 1908 St. scene, Laramie.jpg|1000px|alt=Laramie, 1908|Laramie, 1908}}


==Geography==
==Geography==
Laramie is located at {{Coord|41|18|47|N|105|35|14|W|type:city}} (41.312927, −105.587251).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|17.76|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|17.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=December 14, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|17.76|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|17.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=December 14, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref>


Laramie is on a high plain between two mountain ranges, the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]], about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} to the west, and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], {{convert|7|mi|km|0}} to the east. The city's elevation above [[sea level]] is approximately {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}}. The [[Laramie River]] runs through Laramie toward its confluence with the [[North Platte River]] east of the Laramie Range.
Laramie is on a high plain between two mountain ranges, the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]], about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} to the west, and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], {{convert|7|mi|km|0}} to the east. The city's elevation above [[sea level]] is approximately {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}}. The [[Laramie River]] runs through Laramie toward its confluence with the [[North Platte River]] east of the Laramie Range.
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===Climate===
===Climate===
Laramie has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|BSk]]'') with long, cold, dry winters and short, warm, somewhat wetter summers.

Laramie's total precipitation averages about {{convert|11|in|mm|0}} a year, and the average number of rainy days per year is about 86. The city experiences a day that is {{convert|90|°F|0}} or warmer 2.2 times a year. The average temperature in December is {{convert|21.1|°F|1}}, and in July it is {{convert|64.0|°F|1}}. Annual snowfall averages {{convert|48|in|cm|0}}. Because of the high elevation, winters are long, and summers are short and relatively cool. The growing season is short, as the average window for freezing temperatures is September 14 through June 6, while for accumulating (≥{{convert|0.1|in|mm}}) it is October 5 through May 12.
Laramie's total precipitation averages about {{convert|11|in|mm|0}} a year, and the average number of rainy days per year is about 86. The city experiences a day that is {{convert|90|°F|0}} or warmer 2.2 times a year. The average temperature in December is {{convert|21.1|°F|1}}, and in July it is {{convert|64.0|°F|1}}. Annual snowfall averages {{convert|48|in|cm|0}}. Because of the high elevation, winters are long, and summers are short and relatively cool. The growing season is short, as the average window for freezing temperatures is September 14 through June 6, while for accumulating (≥{{convert|0.1|in|mm}}) it is October 5 through May 12.


Laramie has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|BSk]]'') with long, cold, dry winters and short, warm, somewhat wetter summers.
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
| location = Laramie, Wyoming ([[Laramie Regional Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present
| location = Laramie, Wyoming ([[Laramie Regional Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present
|single line = Y
|single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 60
| Jan record high F = 60
Line 108: Line 110:
| May record high F = 87
| May record high F = 87
| Jun record high F = 94
| Jun record high F = 94
| Jul record high F = 94
| Jul record high F = 96
| Aug record high F = 94
| Aug record high F = 94
| Sep record high F = 91
| Sep record high F = 91
| Oct record high F = 79
| Oct record high F = 87
| Nov record high F = 70
| Nov record high F = 70
| Dec record high F = 62
| Dec record high F = 62
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| Jan record low F = −50
| Jan record low F = −50
| Feb record low F = −39
| Feb record low F = −42
| Mar record low F = −25
| Mar record low F = −35
| Apr record low F = −14
| Apr record low F = −14
| May record low F = 5
| May record low F = 5
| Jun record low F = 22
| Jun record low F = 22
| Jul record low F = 30
| Jul record low F = 30
| Aug record low F = 28
| Aug record low F = 27
| Sep record low F = −2
| Sep record low F = −2
| Oct record low F = −26
| Oct record low F = −26
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| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00024022&format=pdf
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00024022&format=pdf
| title = Station: Laramie Airport, WY
| title = Station: Laramie Airport, WY
| work = U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1981-2010)
| work = U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1981–2010)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = January 13, 2022}}</ref>
| access-date = January 13, 2022}}</ref><ref name = XMACIS2>
{{cite web
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = xmACIS2
|access-date = December 5, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}
}}


{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Laramie 2 NW, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, 1966-2020 extremes: 7140ft (2176m)
|location = Laramie 2 NW, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
|collapsed = Yes
|Jan record high F = 62
|Jan record high F = 62
|Feb record high F = 68
|Feb record high F = 68
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|year record high F =
|year record high F =


|Jan avg record high F = 50.3
|Jan avg record high F = 50.5
|Feb avg record high F = 53.1
|Feb avg record high F = 52.9
|Mar avg record high F = 62.8
|Mar avg record high F = 62.5
|Apr avg record high F = 70.3
|Apr avg record high F = 70.4
|May avg record high F = 78.3
|May avg record high F = 78.5
|Jun avg record high F = 85.9
|Jun avg record high F = 86.0
|Jul avg record high F = 90.8
|Jul avg record high F = 90.8
|Aug avg record high F = 88.7
|Aug avg record high F = 88.9
|Sep avg record high F = 84.7
|Sep avg record high F = 84.4
|Oct avg record high F = 74.8
|Oct avg record high F = 75.2
|Nov avg record high F = 61.1
|Nov avg record high F = 62.1
|Dec avg record high F = 51.9
|Dec avg record high F = 51.8
|year avg record high F = 91.3
|year avg record high F = 91.3


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|year low F =
|year low F =


|Jan avg record low F = -14.6
|Jan avg record low F = -15.9
|Feb avg record low F = -13.0
|Feb avg record low F = -13.9
|Mar avg record low F = -2.0
|Mar avg record low F = -2.5
|Apr avg record low F = 7.1
|Apr avg record low F = 6.8
|May avg record low F = 19.7
|May avg record low F = 19.3
|Jun avg record low F = 31.9
|Jun avg record low F = 31.5
|Jul avg record low F = 38.5
|Jul avg record low F = 38.5
|Aug avg record low F = 34.6
|Aug avg record low F = 34.5
|Sep avg record low F = 23.1
|Sep avg record low F = 23.2
|Oct avg record low F = 7.8
|Oct avg record low F = 7.8
|Nov avg record low F = -7.1
|Nov avg record low F = -7.3
|Dec avg record low F = -17.9
|Dec avg record low F = -17.9
|year avg record low F = -25.3
|year avg record low F = -25.3
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|Nov record low F = -28
|Nov record low F = -28
|Dec record low F = −40
|Dec record low F = −40
|year record low F =
|year record low F =


|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
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|year precipitation inch =
|year precipitation inch =


|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|source 1 = NOAA<ref>
|Jan precipitation days = 5.3
|Feb precipitation days = 6.1
|Mar precipitation days = 6.9
|Apr precipitation days = 9.7
|May precipitation days = 11.4
|Jun precipitation days = 8.5
|Jul precipitation days = 9.3
|Aug precipitation days = 8.8
|Sep precipitation days = 7.6
|Oct precipitation days = 7.3
|Nov precipitation days = 6.0
|Dec precipitation days = 5.4

|Jan snow inch =
|Feb snow inch =
|Mar snow inch =
|Apr snow inch =
|May snow inch =
|Jun snow inch =
|Jul snow inch =
|Aug snow inch =
|Sep snow inch =
|Oct snow inch =
|Nov snow inch =
|Dec snow inch =
|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days =
|Feb snow days =
|Mar snow days =
|Apr snow days =
|May snow days =
|Jun snow days =
|Jul snow days =
|Aug snow days =
|Sep snow days =
|Oct snow days =
|Nov snow days =
|Dec snow days =

|Jan snow depth inch =
|Feb snow depth inch =
|Mar snow depth inch =
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|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA2>
{{cite web
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00485435&format=pdf
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00485435&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = Laramie 2 NW, Wyoming 1991-2020 Monthly Normals
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Laramie 2 NW, WY
|access-date = December 5, 2023
|access-date = December 5, 2023
}}
}}
</ref>
</ref>
|source 2 = XMACIS2 (records & monthly max/mins)<ref name = XMACIS2>
|source 2 = XMACIS2<ref name = XMACIS2>
{{cite web
{{cite web
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = xmACIS
|title = xmACIS2
|access-date = December 5, 2023
|access-date = December 5, 2023
}}
}}
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===2010 census===
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 14, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 30,816 people, 13,394 households, and 5,843 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1737.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 14,307 housing units at an average density of {{convert|806.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.8% from two or more races, 2.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], 1.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.7% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]. 9.2% of residents were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.
As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]],<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 14, 2012}}</ref> there were 30,816 people, 13,394 households, and 5,843 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1737.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 14,307 housing units at an average density of {{convert|806.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.8% from two or more races, 2.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], 1.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.7% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]. 9.2% of residents were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.


There were 13,394 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.4% were non-families. 36.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
There were 13,394 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.4% were non-families. 36.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
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===Museums and concert halls===
===Museums and concert halls===
The Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming is open to the public and houses more than 50,000 catalogued mineral, rock, and fossil specimens, including a dinosaur exhibit.<ref>{{cite web | title = Geological Museum | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/geomuseum/ | access-date = October 23, 2007 }}</ref> The university's art museum offers gallery exhibits, lectures, workshops, classes, and public tours year-round.<ref>{{cite web | title = Art Museum: General Information | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | access-date = October 23, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024014630/http://uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | archive-date = October 24, 2007 }}</ref> The Fine Arts Concert Hall on campus presents frequent concerts and recitals during the school year.<ref>{{cite web | title = Concerts, Events, Recitals | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | access-date = October 27, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216001446/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | archive-date = December 16, 2007 }}</ref> Housed in the Ivinson Mansion near the center of town is the Laramie Plains Museum.<ref>{{cite web | title = Historic Ivinson Mansion | publisher = The Laramie Plains Museum | url = http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | access-date = October 23, 2007 | archive-date = August 31, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090831135809/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> The Wyoming Children's Museum and Nature Center has interactive exhibits and pottery classes for children aged 3 and older.<ref>{{cite web | title = Wyoming Children's Museum & Nature Center | publisher = Wyoming State Historical Society | url = http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm | access-date = October 23, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014103507/http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = October 14, 2007}}</ref> In 2012, the [[Wyoming House for Historic Women]] was opened in downtown Laramie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/wyoming-house-for-historic-women-opens-in-laramie|title=Wyoming House for Historic Women opens in Laramie|date=June 12, 2012|work=Washington Examiner|access-date=August 22, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurabegleybloom/2018/03/19/top-womens-history-landmark-in-every-state/|title=A State-By-State Guide To The Top Women's History Landmarks In America|last=Bloom|first=Laura Begley|date=March 19, 2018|work=Forbes|access-date=August 22, 2018|language=en}}</ref>
The Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming is open to the public and houses more than 50,000 catalogued mineral, rock, and fossil specimens, including a dinosaur exhibit.<ref>{{cite web | title = Geological Museum | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/geomuseum/ | access-date = October 23, 2007 }}</ref> The university's art museum offers gallery exhibits, lectures, workshops, classes, and public tours year-round.<ref>{{cite web | title = Art Museum: General Information | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | access-date = October 23, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024014630/http://uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | archive-date = October 24, 2007 }}</ref> The Fine Arts Concert Hall on campus presents frequent concerts and recitals during the school year.<ref>{{cite web | title = Concerts, Events, Recitals | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | access-date = October 27, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216001446/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | archive-date = December 16, 2007 }}</ref> Housed in the Ivinson Mansion near the center of town is the Laramie Plains Museum.<ref>{{cite web | title = Historic Ivinson Mansion | publisher = The Laramie Plains Museum | url = http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | access-date = October 23, 2007 | archive-date = August 31, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090831135809/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> The Wyoming Children's Museum and Nature Center has interactive exhibits and pottery classes for children aged three and older.<ref>{{cite web | title = Wyoming Children's Museum & Nature Center | publisher = Wyoming State Historical Society | url = http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm | access-date = October 23, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014103507/http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = October 14, 2007}}</ref> In 2012, the [[Wyoming House for Historic Women]] was opened in downtown Laramie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/wyoming-house-for-historic-women-opens-in-laramie|title=Wyoming House for Historic Women opens in Laramie|date=June 12, 2012|work=Washington Examiner|access-date=August 22, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurabegleybloom/2018/03/19/top-womens-history-landmark-in-every-state/|title=A State-By-State Guide To The Top Women's History Landmarks In America|last=Bloom|first=Laura Begley|date=March 19, 2018|work=Forbes|access-date=August 22, 2018|language=en}}</ref>


===Libraries===
===Libraries===
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==Education==
==Education==
[[Albany County School District Number 1|Albany County School District#1]], the only school district in the county,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st56_wy/schooldistrict_maps/c56001_albany/DC20SD_C56001.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Albany County, WY|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2022-11-27}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st56_wy/schooldistrict_maps/c56001_albany/DC20SD_C56001_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref> is headquartered in Laramie. It governs 19 public schools in an area of {{convert|4000|sqmi|km2}} including Laramie, Centennial, Rock River, and rural locations. A total of about 4,000 students attend these schools, the Laramie fraction of which includes seven elementary schools, one middle school, [[Laramie High School (Wyoming)|Laramie High School]], and Whiting High School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|title=Albany County School District One Strategic Plan 2017-2022|publisher=Albany County School District One|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117190800/https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|archive-date=January 17, 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=January 17, 2018}}</ref> Snowy Range Academy, a charter school, serves children in grades [[kindergarten|K]]–7.<ref>{{cite web | title = Snowy Range Academy | publisher = Great Schools, Inc. | url=http://www.greatschools.net/modperl/browse_school/wy/453 | access-date = February 11, 2008 }}</ref> The University of Wyoming also offers a Lab School (colloquially referred to as "Prep") for K–9 students.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.acsd1.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=136&Itemid=231 | title = University Lab School | access-date = May 17, 2012}}</ref>
[[Albany County School District Number 1|Albany County School District#1]], the only school district in the county,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st56_wy/schooldistrict_maps/c56001_albany/DC20SD_C56001.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Albany County, WY|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=November 27, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st56_wy/schooldistrict_maps/c56001_albany/DC20SD_C56001_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref> is headquartered in Laramie. It governs 19 public schools in an area of {{convert|4000|sqmi|km2}} including Laramie, Centennial, Rock River, and rural locations. A total of about 4,000 students attend these schools, the Laramie fraction of which includes seven elementary schools, one middle school, [[Laramie High School (Wyoming)|Laramie High School]], and Whiting High School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|title=Albany County School District One Strategic Plan 2017-2022|publisher=Albany County School District One|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117190800/https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|archive-date=January 17, 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=January 17, 2018}}</ref> Snowy Range Academy, a charter school, serves children in grades [[kindergarten|K]]–7.<ref>{{cite web | title = Snowy Range Academy | publisher = Great Schools, Inc. | url=http://www.greatschools.net/modperl/browse_school/wy/453 | access-date = February 11, 2008 }}</ref> The University of Wyoming also offers a Lab School (colloquially referred to as "Prep") for K–9 students.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.acsd1.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=136&Itemid=231 | title = University Lab School | access-date = May 17, 2012}}</ref>


St. Laurence, a Catholic school of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne]], formerly served children in grades K–6.<ref>{{cite web | title = Welcome to St. Laurence School | publisher = St. Laurence School | url = http://www.stlos.com/ | access-date = October 25, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009030849/http://www.stlos.com/ | archive-date = October 9, 2007 }}</ref> It opened in 1951 and in 2016 it had 30 students.<ref name=Mathog>{{cite web|url=https://www.wyomingnews.com/laramieboomerang/news/year-in-review-st-laurence-school-closing-new-high-school-opening-top-news-for-education/article_ca434814-66c1-528c-835e-aa678c420f6e.html|title=Year in review: St. Laurence school closing, new high school opening top news for education |newspaper=[[Laramie Boomerang]]|date=2017-01-01|accessdate=2021-04-24}}</ref> It closed on June 30, 2016 as its costs had increased and the numbers of students had declined.<ref>{{cite web|last=Learned|first=Nick|url=https://kowb1290.com/st-laurence-otoole-catholic-school-will-close-in-june/|title=St. Laurence O'Toole Catholic School Will Close in June|work=[[KOWB]]|date=2016-04-23|accessdate=2021-04-24}}</ref> Laramie Montessori School now occupies the campus.<ref name=Mathog/>
St. Laurence, a Catholic school of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne]], formerly served children in grades K–6.<ref>{{cite web | title = Welcome to St. Laurence School | publisher = St. Laurence School | url = http://www.stlos.com/ | access-date = October 25, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009030849/http://www.stlos.com/ | archive-date = October 9, 2007 }}</ref> It opened in 1951 and in 2016 it had 30 students.<ref name=Mathog>{{cite web|url=https://www.wyomingnews.com/laramieboomerang/news/year-in-review-st-laurence-school-closing-new-high-school-opening-top-news-for-education/article_ca434814-66c1-528c-835e-aa678c420f6e.html|title=Year in review: St. Laurence school closing, new high school opening top news for education |newspaper=[[Laramie Boomerang]]|date=January 1, 2017|accessdate=April 24, 2021}}</ref> It closed on June 30, 2016, as its costs had increased and the numbers of students had declined.<ref>{{cite web|last=Learned|first=Nick|url=https://kowb1290.com/st-laurence-otoole-catholic-school-will-close-in-june/|title=St. Laurence O'Toole Catholic School Will Close in June|work=[[KOWB]]|date=April 23, 2016|accessdate=April 24, 2021}}</ref> Laramie Montessori School now occupies the campus.<ref name=Mathog/>


The main campus of the [[University of Wyoming]] is in Laramie. In 2009, about 13,400&nbsp;students were enrolled there at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels.<ref>{{cite web | title = Fact Book | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | access-date = October 27, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009160744/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | archive-date = October 9, 2007 }}</ref> A branch campus of [[Laramie County Community College]] is also in Laramie.
The main campus of the [[University of Wyoming]] is in Laramie. In 2009, about 13,400&nbsp;students were enrolled there at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels.<ref>{{cite web | title = Fact Book | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | access-date = October 27, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009160744/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | archive-date = October 9, 2007 }}</ref> A branch campus of [[Laramie County Community College]] is also in Laramie.
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The ''[[Laramie Boomerang]]'' is Laramie's main newspaper. The ''Branding Iron'' is a student-run newspaper at the University of Wyoming. [[Wyoming PBS|Wyoming Public Television]] station [[KCWC-DT]], licensed to [[Central Wyoming College]] in [[Riverton, Wyoming|Riverton]], has a transmitter near Laramie known as KWYP-DT.<ref>{{cite web | title = About Wyoming Public Television | publisher = Wyoming Public Television | url = http://www.wyoptv.org/about/ | access-date = October 23, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071021134227/http://wyoptv.org/about/ | archive-date = October 21, 2007 }}</ref>
The ''[[Laramie Boomerang]]'' is Laramie's main newspaper. The ''Branding Iron'' is a student-run newspaper at the University of Wyoming. [[Wyoming PBS|Wyoming Public Television]] station [[KCWC-DT]], licensed to [[Central Wyoming College]] in [[Riverton, Wyoming|Riverton]], has a transmitter near Laramie known as KWYP-DT.<ref>{{cite web | title = About Wyoming Public Television | publisher = Wyoming Public Television | url = http://www.wyoptv.org/about/ | access-date = October 23, 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071021134227/http://wyoptv.org/about/ | archive-date = October 21, 2007 }}</ref>


Many radio stations broadcast from Laramie. Three are [[Wyoming Public Radio]] stations: [[KUWR]], 91.9 [[Frequency modulation|FM]]; [[KUWY]], 88.5 FM, classical, and [[KUWL]], 90.1 FM, jazz.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wyoming Public Radio|website=WPR.org|url=http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/|access-date=March 18, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317010741/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archive-date = March 17, 2008}}</ref> The others are [[KOCA-LP]], 93.5 FM, Spanish; [[KCGY]], 95.1 FM, [[Country music|country]]; [[KIMX]], 104.5 FM, [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40 (CHR)]]; [[KLMI]] 106.1, Variety, [[KRQU]], 98.7 FM, [[classic rock]]; [[KARS-FM|KARS]], 102.9 FM, classic rock; [[KHAT]], 1210 [[Amplitude modulation|AM]], [[Country music|country]]; and [[KOWB]], [[1290 AM]], news and [[talk radio|talk]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations Near the City of Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=On The Radio.Net|url=http://www.ontheradio.net/cities/laramie_wy.aspx|access-date=October 23, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations in Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=Theodric Technologies|url=http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=Laramie&state=WY&x=0&y=0|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
Many radio stations broadcast from Laramie. Three are [[Wyoming Public Radio]] stations: [[KUWR]] ({{Frequency|91.9|FM}}); [[KUWY]] ({{Frequency|88.5|FM}}); and [[KUWL]] ({{Frequency|90.1|FM}}).<ref>{{cite web|title=Wyoming Public Radio|website=WPR.org|url=http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/|access-date=March 18, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317010741/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archive-date = March 17, 2008}}</ref> The others are [[KOCA-LP]] ({{Frequency|93.5|FM}}); [[KCGY]] ({{Frequency|95.1|FM}}); [[KIMX]] ({{Frequency|104.5|FM}}); [[KLMI]] ({{Frequency|106.1|FM}}); [[KRQU]] ({{Frequency|98.7|FM}}); [[KARS-FM|KARS]] ({{Frequency|102.9|FM}}); [[KHAT]] ({{Frequency|1210|AM}}); and [[KOWB]] ({{Frequency|1290|AM}}).<ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations Near the City of Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=On The Radio.Net|url=http://www.ontheradio.net/cities/laramie_wy.aspx|access-date=October 23, 2007}}</ref>


===In popular culture===
===In popular culture===
''[[The Man from Laramie]]'' was a 1955 western film starring [[James Stewart]]. It was shot in the Bonanza Creek Ranch and other places near [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]].<ref>[http://www.bonanzacreekranch.com/history.html History], Bonanza Creek Ranch</ref>
''[[The Man from Laramie]]'' was a 1955 western film starring [[James Stewart]]. It was shot in the Bonanza Creek Ranch and other places near [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]].<ref>[http://www.bonanzacreekranch.com/history.html History], Bonanza Creek Ranch</ref>


From 1958 to 1962, Laramie was the setting for [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] TV series ''[[Lawman (TV series)|Lawman]]'', starring [[John Russell (actor)|John Russell]] and [[Peter Brown (actor)|Peter Brown]], and from 1959 to 1963, ''[[Laramie (TV series)|Laramie]]'' was also the name of an [[NBC]] [[Western (genre)|western]] [[television series]], starring [[John Smith (actor)|John Smith]] and [[Robert Fuller (actor)|Robert Fuller]] as ranch partners who operate a stagecoach station {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} east of the city.<ref>{{Citation|title=Laramie|date=1959-09-15|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0052481/?ref_=kw_li_tt|type=Western|others=Robert Fuller, John Smith, Spring Byington, [[Dennis Holmes]]|publisher=Revue Studios, National Broadcasting Company (NBC)|access-date=2020-09-06}}</ref> In July 2017, the 83-year-old Fuller visited the city for the very first time, serving as grandmaster of Laramie's annual Jubilee Days parade and festivities.
From 1958 to 1962, Laramie was the setting for [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] TV series ''[[Lawman (TV series)|Lawman]]'', starring [[John Russell (actor)|John Russell]] and [[Peter Brown (actor)|Peter Brown]], and from 1959 to 1963, ''[[Laramie (TV series)|Laramie]]'' was also the name of an [[NBC]] [[Western (genre)|western]] [[television series]], starring [[John Smith (actor)|John Smith]] and [[Robert Fuller (actor)|Robert Fuller]] as ranch partners who operate a stagecoach station {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} east of the city.<ref>{{Citation|title=Laramie|date=September 15, 1959|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0052481/?ref_=kw_li_tt|type=Western|others=Robert Fuller, John Smith, Spring Byington, [[Dennis Holmes]]|publisher=Revue Studios, National Broadcasting Company (NBC)|access-date=September 6, 2020}}</ref> In July 2017, the 83-year-old Fuller visited the city for the first time, serving as grandmaster of Laramie's annual Jubilee Days parade and festivities.


Laramie in its early days is also featured in Seasons 4 and 5 of the [[AMC (TV channel)|AMC]] western [[television drama series]] ''[[Hell on Wheels (TV series)|Hell On Wheels]]'', set in California and in Laramie.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wyostatearchives.wordpress.com/2015/07/23/hell-on-wheels-truth-or-fiction-update/ |title=Hell on Wheels: Truth or Fiction |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=July 23, 2015 |website=Wyoming Postscripts |publisher=Wyoming State Archives |access-date=January 4, 2016 |quote=''Hell on Wheels'', a television series with the backdrop of the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s..., Season 5, set in California and Laramie, Wyoming, premiered last Saturday.}}</ref>
Laramie in its early days is also featured in Seasons 4 and 5 of the [[AMC (TV channel)|AMC]] western [[television drama series]] ''[[Hell on Wheels (TV series)|Hell On Wheels]]'', set in California and in Laramie.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wyostatearchives.wordpress.com/2015/07/23/hell-on-wheels-truth-or-fiction-update/ |title=Hell on Wheels: Truth or Fiction |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=July 23, 2015 |website=Wyoming Postscripts |publisher=Wyoming State Archives |access-date=January 4, 2016 |quote=''Hell on Wheels'', a television series with the backdrop of the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s..., Season 5, set in California and Laramie, Wyoming, premiered last Saturday.}}</ref>
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[[SkyWest Airlines]] (United) provides daily commercial flights between [[Laramie Regional Airport]] and Denver, Colorado.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flight Information|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|access-date=February 1, 2013|archive-date=March 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319211645/http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The airport, {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} west of the central business district, is operated and financed by the City of Laramie and Albany County. In addition to commercial flights, the airport serves private and corporate planes and atmospheric research aircraft from the University of Wyoming.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html|access-date=October 29, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192224/http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=September 27, 2007}}</ref>
[[SkyWest Airlines]] (United) provides daily commercial flights between [[Laramie Regional Airport]] and Denver, Colorado.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flight Information|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|access-date=February 1, 2013|archive-date=March 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319211645/http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The airport, {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} west of the central business district, is operated and financed by the City of Laramie and Albany County. In addition to commercial flights, the airport serves private and corporate planes and atmospheric research aircraft from the University of Wyoming.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html|access-date=October 29, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192224/http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=September 27, 2007}}</ref>


===Ground Transportation===
===Ground transportation===
The [[University of Wyoming Transit System]] provides bus service in the city. While it is primarily centered on students and staff at the university, it is open to the general public.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uwyo.edu/tps/transit/index.html|title=UW Transit|access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref>
The [[University of Wyoming Transit System]] provides bus service in the city. While it is primarily centered on students and staff at the university, it is open to the general public.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uwyo.edu/tps/transit/index.html|title=UW Transit|access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref>


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For intercity service, Laramie is served by [[Greyhound Lines]], with service to and from Cheyenne and Fort Collins. Green Ride of Northern Colorado provides service from Laramie to Fort Collins and Denver International Airport.
For intercity service, Laramie is served by [[Greyhound Lines]], with service to and from Cheyenne and Fort Collins. Green Ride of Northern Colorado provides service from Laramie to Fort Collins and Denver International Airport.


Laramie had passenger rail service from the Union Pacific until 1971. [[Amtrak]] continued service until 1983 on the ''[[Pioneer (train)|Pioneer]]'', then again from 1991 to 1997. Only curbside [[Amtrak Thruway]] bus service is currently available.<ref name="amtrak">{{citation|url=https://www.amtrak.com/stations/lry|title=Laramie, WY (LRY)|work=Amtrak Station Locator|publisher=National Passenger Railroad Corporation|access-date=2020-12-13}}</ref>
Laramie had passenger rail service from the Union Pacific until 1971. [[Amtrak]] continued service until 1983 on the ''[[Pioneer (train)|Pioneer]]'', then again from 1991 to 1997. Only curbside [[Amtrak Thruway]] bus service is currently available.<ref name="amtrak">{{citation|url=https://www.amtrak.com/stations/lry|title=Laramie, WY (LRY)|work=Amtrak Station Locator|publisher=National Passenger Railroad Corporation|access-date=December 13, 2020}}</ref>


The former Union Pacific passenger depot in Laramie was donated to the [[Laramie Plains Museum]] in 1985, and then to the Laramie Railroad Depot Association in 2009, which operates it as a small museum and a venue for community events.
The former Union Pacific passenger depot in Laramie was donated to the [[Laramie Plains Museum]] in 1985, and then to the Laramie Railroad Depot Association in 2009, which operates it as a small museum and a venue for community events.


===Utilities===
===Utilities===
The city's drinking water comes from the Big Laramie River, the largest single source, and wellfields in the Casper [[Aquifer]], and it is treated in a modern plant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water Sources|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=285|publisher=City of Laramie|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The city's wastewater plant, which replaced an older plant, began operation in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water and Wastewater|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=283|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The Solid Waste Division operates the city-owned landfill, about {{convert|1|mi|km|1}} north of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landfill|publisher=City of Laramie|url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=267|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> Laramie has {{convert|135|mi|km}} of streets and {{convert|31|mi|km}} of alleys.<ref>{{cite web|title=Streets|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=274|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
The city's drinking water comes from the Big Laramie River, the largest single source, and wellfields in the Casper [[Aquifer]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=McFarland |first=Clair |date=February 1, 2024 |title=UW May Be In Laramie, But Doesn’t Have To Follow City Water Rules, High Court Says |url=https://cowboystatedaily.com/2024/02/01/uw-may-be-in-laramie-but-doesnt-have-to-follow-city-water-rules-high-court-says/ |access-date=February 4, 2024 |website=Cowboy State Daily |language=en}}</ref> and it is treated in a modern plant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water Sources|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=285|publisher=City of Laramie|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The current wastewater plant began operation in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water and Wastewater|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=283|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The Solid Waste Division operates the city-owned landfill, about {{convert|1|mi|km|1}} north of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landfill|publisher=City of Laramie|url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=267|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> Laramie has {{convert|135|mi|km}} of streets and {{convert|31|mi|km}} of alleys.<ref>{{cite web|title=Streets|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=274|access-date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
* [[Kim Barker]] New York Times Journalist and Author
* [[Craig Arnold]] (1967–c. 2009), poet, professor
* [[Craig Arnold]] (1967–c. 2009), poet, professor
* [[Thurman Arnold]] (1891–1969), lawyer
* [[Thurman Arnold]] (1891–1969), lawyer
* [[Kim Barker]], ''New York Times'' journalist and author
* [[Jim Beaver]] (born 1950), actor, writer, [[film historian]]
* [[Jim Beaver]] (born 1950), actor, writer, [[film historian]]
* [[Jaycee Carroll]] (born 1983), basketball player
* [[William L. Carlisle]] (1890–1964), one of America's last [[train robber]]s, lived in the town
* [[William L. Carlisle]] (1890–1964), one of America's last [[train robber]]s, lived in the town
* [[Jaycee Carroll]] (born 1983), basketball player
* [[Jesseca Cross]] (born 1975), former [[track and field]] athlete
* [[Jesseca Cross]] (born 1975), former [[track and field]] athlete
* [[Tommy Davidson]] (born 1963), actor
* [[Tommy Davidson]] (born 1963), actor
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* [[Tom Lubnau]] (born 1958), politician and lawyer who served as [[Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives|Speaker]] of the [[Wyoming House of Representatives]] from 2013 to 2015
* [[Tom Lubnau]] (born 1958), politician and lawyer who served as [[Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives|Speaker]] of the [[Wyoming House of Representatives]] from 2013 to 2015
* [[Cody Lundin]] (born 1967), survival instructor; teaches modern [[Survival skills|wilderness survival skills]], [[Survivalism|primitive living]] skills, urban preparedness, and [[homesteading]]
* [[Cody Lundin]] (born 1967), survival instructor; teaches modern [[Survival skills|wilderness survival skills]], [[Survivalism|primitive living]] skills, urban preparedness, and [[homesteading]]
* [[William Mulloy]] (1917–1978), [[anthropologist]]
* [[Timothy Mellon]] (born 1942), businessman, and the chairman and majority owner of [[Pan Am Systems]]
* [[Timothy Mellon]] (born 1942), businessman, and the chairman and majority owner of [[Pan Am Systems]]
* [[William Mulloy]] (1917–1978), [[anthropologist]]
* [[Edgar Wilson Nye]] (1850–1896), a.k.a. Edgar Wilson "Bill" Nye, nineteenth-century [[humorist]], lived in Laramie from 1876-1887 <ref>American National Biography, v.16, p.565: "Nye settled in Laramie (City) where he rose to national fame ...</ref>
* [[Edgar Wilson Nye]] (1850–1896), a.k.a. Edgar Wilson "Bill" Nye, nineteenth-century [[humorist]], lived in Laramie from 1876-1887 <ref>American National Biography, v.16, p.565: "Nye settled in Laramie (City) where he rose to national fame ...</ref>
* [[Wayde Preston]] (1929–1992), actor
* [[Wayde Preston]] (1929–1992), actor
* [[Chip Rawlins]] (born 1949), writer
* [[Chip Rawlins]] (born 1949), writer
* [[Ken Sailors]] (1921-2016), basketball player, credited with inventing the jump shot, graduated from Laramie High School, in 1943 led the University of Wyoming Cowboys in winning the NCAA Men's Basketball Championship
* [[Ken Sailors]] (1921–2016), basketball player, credited with inventing the jump shot, graduated from Laramie High School, in 1943 led the University of Wyoming Cowboys in winning the NCAA Men's Basketball Championship
* [[Matthew Shepard]] (1976–1998), University of Wyoming student, victim of hate-motivated murder
* [[Matthew Shepard]] (1976–1998), University of Wyoming student, victim of hate-motivated murder
* [[Gerry Spence]] (born 1929), trial lawyer
* [[Pete Simpson]] (born 1930), university administrator, historian, politician
* [[Pete Simpson]] (born 1930), university administrator, historian, politician
* [[Gerry Spence]] (born 1929), trial lawyer
* [[Brad Watson (writer)|Brad Watson]] (1955–2020), author, academic
* [[Brad Watson (writer)|Brad Watson]] (1955–2020), author, academic
* [[Jamila Wideman]] (born 1975), female left-handed point guard basketball player, lawyer
* [[Jamila Wideman]] (born 1975), left-handed point guard basketball player, lawyer


==References==
==References==
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* [http://www.legendsofamerica.com/WE-SteveLong.html 1868 Lynching of Steve Long and Moyer brothers, Laramie City, Wyoming], Legends of America
* [http://www.legendsofamerica.com/WE-SteveLong.html 1868 Lynching of Steve Long and Moyer brothers, Laramie City, Wyoming], Legends of America
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Laramie |short=x}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Laramie |short=x}}
* [https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:80444/xv296160?q=00864 Laramie Chamber of Commerce collection] is archived at the [[American Heritage Center]], [[University of Wyoming]].
* {{curlie|Regional/North_America/United_States/Wyoming/Localities/L/Laramie}}


{{Wyoming}}
{{Wyoming}}

Latest revision as of 01:08, 5 November 2024

"Laramie" redirects here. For other uses, see Laramie (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Fort Laramie, Wyoming or Laramie County, Wyoming.

Laramie, Wyoming
City
Downtown Laramie Historic District
Downtown Laramie Historic District
Motto: 
Gem City of the Plains
Location in Albany County and the state of Wyoming.
Location in Albany County and the state of Wyoming.
Coordinates: 41°18′40″N 105°35′37″W / 41.31111°N 105.59361°W / 41.31111; -105.59361
CountryUnited States
StateWyoming
CountyAlbany
Government
 • TypeCouncil–manager
 • MayorBrian Harrington
Area
[1]
 • City18.38 sq mi (47.61 km2)
 • Land18.36 sq mi (47.55 km2)
 • Water0.02 sq mi (0.06 km2)
Elevation
7,165 ft (2,184 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City31,407
 • Density1,781.74/sq mi (701.16/km2)
 • Metro
38,943
Time zoneUTC−7 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
ZIP Code
82070-82073
Area code307
FIPS code56-45050[2]
GNIS feature ID1590526[3]
Websitewww.cityoflaramie.org

Laramie (/ˈlærəmi/) is a city in and the county seat of Albany County, Wyoming, United States, known for its high elevation at 7,200 feet (2,200 m), railroad history, and as the home of the University of Wyoming. The population was 31,407 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Wyoming.[5] Located on the Laramie River in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of Cheyenne and 25 miles (40 km) north of the Colorado state line, at the junction of Interstate 80 and U.S. Route 287.

After 12,000 years or more of Indigenous populations living in the area,[6] Laramie was settled by European Americans in 1868 with the completion of the Union Pacific Railroad line to the area, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. The river and several creeks fed by freshwater springs made the area an attractive place for settlement. It is home to the University of Wyoming, WyoTech, and a branch of Laramie County Community College. Laramie Regional Airport serves Laramie. The ruins of Fort Sanders, an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the Snowy Range and the Laramie Range, the city draws outdoor enthusiasts with its abundance of outdoor activities.

Etymology

[edit]

Laramie is named for Jacques LaRamie, a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the early 1820s. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area. European-American settlers named a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city for him. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than for any other trapper but Jim Bridger.[7] Because the name was used so frequently, the town was called Laramie City for decades to distinguish it from other uses.

Founding

[edit]

The city was founded in the mid-1860s as a tent city near the Overland Stage Line route, the Union Pacific portion of the first transcontinental railroad, and just north of Fort Sanders army post. The rails reached Laramie on May 4, 1868, when construction crews worked through town. A few passengers arrived on that same day.[8][9] The first regular passenger service began on May 10, 1868, by which time entrepreneurs were building more permanent structures. Laramie City (as it was known in early years) soon had stores, houses, a school, and churches.[10] Laramie's fame as the western terminal of the Union Pacific Railroad, acquired when the 268-mile (431 km) section from North Platte, Nebraska, was opened in May, ended in early August 1868 when a 93-mile (150 km) section of track was opened to Benton, 6 miles (9.7 km) east of present-day Sinclair, Wyoming.

The frontier town initially suffered from lawlessness. Its first mayor, M. C. Brown, resigned his office on June 12, 1868, after six turbulent weeks, saying that the other officials elected alongside him on May 2 were guilty of "incapacity and laxity" in dealing with the city's problems.[11] This was due to the threat to the community from three half-brothers, early Old West gunman "Big" Steve Long, Con Moyer and Ace Moyer. Long was Laramie's first marshal, and with his brothers owned the saloon Bucket of Blood. The three began harassing settlers, forcing them to sign over the deeds to their property to them. Any who refused were killed, usually goaded into a gunfight by Long. By October 1868, Long had killed 13 men.

The first Albany County sheriff, rancher N. K. Boswell, organized a "Vigilance Committee" in response. On October 28, 1868, Boswell led the committee into the Bucket of Blood, overwhelmed the three brothers, and lynched them at an unfinished cabin down the street. Through a series of other lynchings and other forms of intimidation, the vigilantes reduced the "unruly element" and established a semblance of law and order.[12]

"Old Main" building at the
University of Wyoming
in Laramie, 1908

By the end of the decade, Laramie became the cultural and economic center of the newly organized Wyoming Territory.[13] In 1869, Wyoming's first legislature passed a bill granting equal political rights to women in the territory. In March 1870, five Laramie residents became the first women in the world to serve on a jury.[13] As Laramie was the first town in Wyoming to hold a municipal election, on September 6, 1870, Laramie resident Louisa Swain was the first woman in the United States to cast a legal vote in a general election.[10]

Early businesses included rolling mills, a railroad-tie treatment plant, a brick yard, a slaughterhouse, a brewery, a glass manufacturing plant, and a plaster mill, as well as the railroad yards. In 1886, a plant to produce electricity was built.[10] Several regional railroads were based in Laramie, including the Laramie, North Park and Pacific Railroad and Telegraph Company founded in 1880 and the Laramie, North Park and Western Railroad established in 1901.

Governor Francis E. Warren signed a bill that established the University of Wyoming (UW) in 1886, the only public university in the state. Laramie was chosen as its site, and UW opened there in 1887. Under the terms of the Morrill Act, also known as the Land Grant College Act, in 1891 UW added an agricultural college and experiment station to gain benefits as a land grant college.[14]

Late 20th century to present

[edit]

The city was covered by international media in 1998 after the murder of Matthew Shepard, who was a gay student at the University of Wyoming. His murder generated an international outcry.[15] It became the symbolic focus for a nationwide campaign against gay hate crimes. Federal hate crimes legislation was signed into law in 2009.[16] As of May 2023, Wyoming does not have a hate crimes law,[17] having failed to pass its most recent attempt at a hate crimes law in March 2021.[18] Shepard's murder was the subject of the award-winning play, later adapted as a movie, The Laramie Project.[19]

In 2004, Laramie became the first city in Wyoming to pass a law to prohibit smoking in enclosed workplaces, including bars, restaurants and private clubs.[20] Opponents of the clean indoor air ordinance, funded in part by the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, immediately petitioned to have the ordinance repealed. However, the voters upheld the ordinance in a citywide referendum which was conducted concurrently with the 2004 general election. The opponents challenged the validity of the election in court, claiming various irregularities. The judge ruled that the opponents had failed to meet their burden of showing significant problems with the election, and the ordinance, which had become effective in April 2005, remained in effect.[21] In August 2005, Laramie's City Council defeated an attempt to amend the ordinance to allow smoking in bars and private clubs.

Laramie, 1908
Laramie, 1908

Geography

[edit]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 17.76 square miles (46.00 km2), of which 17.74 square miles (45.95 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[22]

Laramie is on a high plain between two mountain ranges, the Snowy Range, about 30 miles (48 km) to the west, and the Laramie Range, 7 miles (11 km) to the east. The city's elevation above sea level is approximately 7,165 feet (2,184 m). The Laramie River runs through Laramie toward its confluence with the North Platte River east of the Laramie Range.

The city is about 50 miles (80 km) west of Cheyenne, and 130 miles (209 km) north of Denver, Colorado. Laramie lies along U.S. Route 30, Interstate 80, and U.S. Route 287, and it remains an important junction on the Union Pacific Railroad line.

Climate

[edit]

Laramie has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with long, cold, dry winters and short, warm, somewhat wetter summers.

Laramie's total precipitation averages about 11 inches (279 mm) a year, and the average number of rainy days per year is about 86. The city experiences a day that is 90 °F (32 °C) or warmer 2.2 times a year. The average temperature in December is 21.1 °F (−6.1 °C), and in July it is 64.0 °F (17.8 °C). Annual snowfall averages 48 inches (122 cm). Because of the high elevation, winters are long, and summers are short and relatively cool. The growing season is short, as the average window for freezing temperatures is September 14 through June 6, while for accumulating (≥0.1 inches (2.5 mm)) it is October 5 through May 12.

Climate data for Laramie, Wyoming (Laramie Regional Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 60
(16) 		63
(17) 		71
(22) 		77
(25) 		87
(31) 		94
(34) 		96
(36) 		94
(34) 		91
(33) 		87
(31) 		70
(21) 		62
(17) 		94
(34)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 49.6
(9.8) 		52.1
(11.2) 		62.1
(16.7) 		69.7
(20.9) 		78.2
(25.7) 		86.5
(30.3) 		89.7
(32.1) 		87.2
(30.7) 		83.4
(28.6) 		73.6
(23.1) 		61.1
(16.2) 		51.1
(10.6) 		90.1
(32.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 33.4
(0.8) 		35.6
(2.0) 		44.5
(6.9) 		51.2
(10.7) 		61.5
(16.4) 		73.9
(23.3) 		81.1
(27.3) 		79.0
(26.1) 		70.2
(21.2) 		56.0
(13.3) 		42.5
(5.8) 		32.7
(0.4) 		55.1
(12.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 21.9
(−5.6) 		23.8
(−4.6) 		31.8
(−0.1) 		37.9
(3.3) 		47.5
(8.6) 		58.0
(14.4) 		64.8
(18.2) 		62.8
(17.1) 		54.3
(12.4) 		41.9
(5.5) 		30.2
(−1.0) 		21.5
(−5.8) 		41.4
(5.2)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 10.3
(−12.1) 		12.1
(−11.1) 		19.2
(−7.1) 		24.5
(−4.2) 		33.4
(0.8) 		42.0
(5.6) 		48.5
(9.2) 		46.5
(8.1) 		38.5
(3.6) 		27.8
(−2.3) 		18.0
(−7.8) 		10.2
(−12.1) 		27.6
(−2.4)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −15.0
(−26.1) 		−12.2
(−24.6) 		−2.3
(−19.1) 		7.5
(−13.6) 		18.8
(−7.3) 		31.9
(−0.1) 		39.5
(4.2) 		37.8
(3.2) 		25.1
(−3.8) 		5.3
(−14.8) 		−7.4
(−21.9) 		−17.0
(−27.2) 		−24.4
(−31.3)
Record low °F (°C) −50
(−46) 		−42
(−41) 		−35
(−37) 		−14
(−26) 		5
(−15) 		22
(−6) 		30
(−1) 		27
(−3) 		−2
(−19) 		−26
(−32) 		−26
(−32) 		−34
(−37) 		−50
(−46)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.28
(7.1) 		0.32
(8.1) 		0.48
(12) 		1.04
(26) 		1.75
(44) 		1.49
(38) 		1.34
(34) 		1.14
(29) 		1.11
(28) 		0.83
(21) 		0.42
(11) 		0.32
(8.1) 		10.52
(267)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 4.6
(12) 		5.9
(15) 		8.4
(21) 		8.3
(21) 		3.5
(8.9) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.8
(2.0) 		3.3
(8.4) 		7.7
(20) 		7.0
(18) 		49.7
(126)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 4.4 5.1 5.9 8.6 11.3 8.4 9.3 9.4 7.3 6.3 5.1 4.9 86.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5.2 5.5 6.1 5.6 2.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 2.6 6.0 5.5 39.6
Source: NOAA (snow 1981–2010)[23][24][25][26]
Climate data for Laramie 2 NW, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 62
(17) 		68
(20) 		72
(22) 		78
(26) 		88
(31) 		94
(34) 		97
(36) 		97
(36) 		92
(33) 		85
(29) 		72
(22) 		63
(17) 		97
(36)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 50.5
(10.3) 		52.9
(11.6) 		62.5
(16.9) 		70.4
(21.3) 		78.5
(25.8) 		86.0
(30.0) 		90.8
(32.7) 		88.9
(31.6) 		84.4
(29.1) 		75.2
(24.0) 		62.1
(16.7) 		51.8
(11.0) 		91.3
(32.9)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 33.6
(0.9) 		36.1
(2.3) 		45.0
(7.2) 		51.2
(10.7) 		61.6
(16.4) 		73.0
(22.8) 		80.7
(27.1) 		78.8
(26.0) 		70.5
(21.4) 		56.5
(13.6) 		43.0
(6.1) 		33.0
(0.6) 		55.3
(12.9)
Daily mean °F (°C) 20.9
(−6.2) 		23.4
(−4.8) 		31.6
(−0.2) 		37.7
(3.2) 		47.4
(8.6) 		57.3
(14.1) 		63.7
(17.6) 		61.3
(16.3) 		52.8
(11.6) 		41.1
(5.1) 		29.9
(−1.2) 		20.3
(−6.5) 		40.6
(4.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 8.2
(−13.2) 		10.7
(−11.8) 		18.1
(−7.7) 		24.1
(−4.4) 		33.3
(0.7) 		41.6
(5.3) 		46.8
(8.2) 		43.8
(6.6) 		35.1
(1.7) 		25.7
(−3.5) 		16.8
(−8.4) 		7.7
(−13.5) 		26.0
(−3.3)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −15.9
(−26.6) 		−13.9
(−25.5) 		−2.5
(−19.2) 		6.8
(−14.0) 		19.3
(−7.1) 		31.5
(−0.3) 		38.5
(3.6) 		34.5
(1.4) 		23.2
(−4.9) 		7.8
(−13.4) 		−7.3
(−21.8) 		−17.9
(−27.7) 		−25.3
(−31.8)
Record low °F (°C) −43
(−42) 		−40
(−40) 		−27
(−33) 		−18
(−28) 		7
(−14) 		20
(−7) 		30
(−1) 		26
(−3) 		5
(−15) 		−24
(−31) 		−28
(−33) 		−40
(−40) 		−43
(−42)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.31
(7.9) 		0.35
(8.9) 		0.60
(15) 		1.16
(29) 		1.81
(46) 		1.44
(37) 		1.41
(36) 		1.02
(26) 		1.03
(26) 		0.95
(24) 		0.45
(11) 		0.39
(9.9) 		10.92
(276.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 5.3 6.1 6.9 9.7 11.4 8.5 9.3 8.8 7.6 7.3 6.0 5.4 92.3
Source 1: NOAA[27]
Source 2: XMACIS2[26]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870828—
18802,696225.6%
18906,388136.9%
19008,20728.5%
19108,2370.4%
19208,3010.8%
19308,6093.7%
194010,62723.4%
195015,58146.6%
196017,52012.4%
197023,14332.1%
198024,4105.5%
199026,6879.3%
200027,2041.9%
201030,81613.3%
202031,4071.9%
source:[28][29][30]

2010 census

[edit]

As of the 2010 Census,[31] there were 30,816 people, 13,394 households, and 5,843 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,737.1 inhabitants per square mile (670.7/km2). There were 14,307 housing units at an average density of 806.5 per square mile (311.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 89.5% White, 3.2% Asian, 2.8% from two or more races, 2.5% from other races, 1.3% African American, 0.7% Native American, and 0.1% Pacific Islander. 9.2% of residents were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 13,394 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.4% were non-families. 36.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.

The median age in the city was 25.4 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 32.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.5% were from 25 to 44; 17.4% were from 45 to 64; and 7.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.0% male and 48.0% female.

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 27,204 people, 11,336 households, and 5,611 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,442.5 people per square mile (942.9/km2). There were 11,994 housing units at an average density of 1,076.9 per square mile (415.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.81% White, 1.24% African American, 0.89% Native American, 1.92% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.89% from other races, and 2.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 7.94% of the population.

There were 11,336 households, out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.3% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.5% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the city, 17.5% of the population was under the age of 18, 31.8% was from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,319, and the median income for a family was $43,395. Males had a median income of $30,888 versus $22,009 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,036. About 11.1% of families and 22.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

[edit]

Annual cultural events

[edit]
Laramie Jubilee, 2016

Laramie Jubilee Days started in 1940 to celebrate Wyoming Statehood Day on July 10. Since then, Jubilee Days has expanded to include several days around the Fourth of July. Events typically include food, live music, games, carnival rides, a street fair, a parade, a softball tournament, and rodeo events.[32]

Museums and concert halls

[edit]

The Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming is open to the public and houses more than 50,000 catalogued mineral, rock, and fossil specimens, including a dinosaur exhibit.[33] The university's art museum offers gallery exhibits, lectures, workshops, classes, and public tours year-round.[34] The Fine Arts Concert Hall on campus presents frequent concerts and recitals during the school year.[35] Housed in the Ivinson Mansion near the center of town is the Laramie Plains Museum.[36] The Wyoming Children's Museum and Nature Center has interactive exhibits and pottery classes for children aged three and older.[37] In 2012, the Wyoming House for Historic Women was opened in downtown Laramie.[38][39]

Libraries

[edit]

The central library of the Albany County Library system, with a wide range of materials for adults and children, is near downtown Laramie; the system's branch libraries are in Centennial, 28 miles (45 km) west of Laramie and Rock River, 32 miles (51 km) northwest of Laramie.[40] William Robertson Coe Library, the main library of the University of Wyoming, has materials for general research in business, education, fine arts, science, humanities, and the social sciences as well as audio visual and government documents collections. The Brinkerhoff Geology Library specializes in geology, geophysics, physical geography, mining and petroleum geology, and geological engineering. Also at the university are the George W. Hooper Law Library, the Library Annex, a high-density storage facility located in the basement of the UW Science Complex, the Rocky Mountain Herbarium Library, a learning resources center with materials for teachers and children, and an archives, rare book, and manuscript repository known as the American Heritage Center.[41]

National Register sites

[edit]
Marshal's carriage at Wyoming Territorial Prison

Twenty-one sites in Laramie, including the Wyoming Territorial Penitentiary, are included on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The prison site includes buildings and other exhibits from a frontier community of the late 19th century. The other sites are the Downtown Laramie Historic District, the Ivinson Mansion and Grounds, Old Main on the University of Wyoming campus, the Barn at Oxford Horse Ranch, Bath Ranch, Bath Row, Charles E. Blair House, John D. Conley House, Cooper Mansion, East Side School, Fort Sanders Guardhouse, William Goodale House, Lehman-Tunnell Mansion, Lincoln School, Richardson's Overland Trail Ranch, St. Matthew's Cathedral Close, St. Paulus Kirche, Snow Train Rolling Stock, Union Pacific Athletic Club, and the Vee Bar Ranch Lodge.[42]

Two other Albany County sites near Laramie are on the NRHP. About 20 miles (32 km) east of the city is the Ames Monument, a large granite pyramid dedicated to brothers Oakes Ames, a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts, and Oliver Ames Jr., who were influential in building the Union Pacific portion of the First transcontinental railroad. Oakes Ames was also implicated in the Credit Mobilier scandal and censured by the U.S. House. The other site is Como Bluff, a long ridge extending east–west between Rock River and Medicine Bow. Geologic formations in the ridge contain fossils, including dinosaurs, from the Late Jurassic.[42]

Sports

[edit]

College

[edit]

The University of Wyoming Cowboys compete at the NCAA Division I level (FBS-Football Bowl Subdivision for football) as a member of the Mountain West Conference. UW offers 17 NCAA-sanctioned sports teams – nine women's sports and eight men's sports. Wyoming's nine NCAA sports for women include basketball; cross country; golf; soccer; swimming and diving; tennis; indoor track & field; outdoor track and field; and volleyball. UW's eight NCAA sports for men include basketball; cross country; football; golf; swimming and diving; indoor track and field; outdoor track and field; and wrestling.

Outdoor

[edit]

Sports enthusiasts find much to do in and near Laramie, nestled at 7,165 feet (2,184 m) above sea level between the Laramie Range (Laramie Mountains) and the Snowy Range (Medicine Bow Mountains). Popular activities include skiing, snowmobiling, mountain biking, hunting, fishing, and hiking.

Rock climbing, hiking, and camping are among the attractions of Vedauwoo, an assemblage of weathered granite slabs, boulders, and cliffs covering 10 square miles (26 km2) in the Medicine Bow – Routt National Forest, about 16 miles (26 km) east of Laramie off Interstate 80.[43]

Volunteers from the Medicine Bow Nordic Association, in cooperation with the Forest Service, maintain groomed cross-country ski trails in a sector of the Laramie Range about 10 miles (16 km) east of the city.[44] To the west, Snowy Range cross-country trails run through the national forest west of Centennial, and other trails follow gentle terrain 32 miles (51 km) southwest of Laramie near Woods Landing. Miles of snowmobile trails wind through the forests, and many forest areas are open to travel by snowshoe.[45] The Snowy Range Ski Area, about 30 miles (48 km) west of Laramie off Wyoming Highway 130, offers downhill skiing and snowboarding on 27 trails ranging in difficulty from beginner to expert.[46]

Laramie is a center for mountain biking. Mountain bike trails meander through forests in the Laramie Range and the Snowy Range. The Medicine Bow Mountain Bike Patrol, part of the Laramie Bicycling Network, is a non-profit volunteer organization that works with the Forest Service to patrol and maintain biking trails east of Laramie. The Medicine Bow Rail–Trail is a mountain bike trail, 21 miles (34 km) long, built between 2005 and 2007 on the bed of an abandoned railroad southwest of Laramie. It starts near the town of Albany and Lake Owen and extends south to the town of Mountain Home near the Wyoming–Colorado border. The Laramie Enduro 111K, an endurance mountain bike race of 111 kilometres (69 mi) is held annually on Laramie Range trails.[47]

Other annual events include the Poker Run recreational ski race held in the Snowy Mountains each February, and the Tour De Laramie, a bicycle rally with stops at local pubs held in May. The Wyoming Marathon Races, a series of running and ultra-running events held in Medicine Bow National Forest, are held annually each Memorial Day weekend.

Trout fishing is another popular sport in and near Laramie. The Laramie River, which flows north into Wyoming from Colorado, is fished as are the smaller streams in both mountain ranges and the many small plains lakes in the Laramie Basin.[48]

Other outdoor activities popular near Laramie include camping, picnicking, rafting on the Laramie River and the North Platte River, viewing of wildlife such as mule deer, elk, moose, and pronghorn, and general sightseeing. For 27 miles (43 km) of its length as it crosses the Snowy Range, the Highway 130 corridor has been designated a National Forest Scenic Byway.[49]

Parks and recreation

[edit]

Laramie has 14 city parks.[50] In addition to a public country club and golf course, Laramie residents also have access to the University of Wyoming's 18-hole golf course[51] and to a wide variety of university recreation sites.[52]

The Community Recreation Center has pools and several other facilities.[53] The Community Ice Arena is open to the general public.[54]

Environmental problems

[edit]

According to a 2012 report by the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), a former industrial site for the production of aluminum, arsenic acid, strategic metals and cement now owned by L.C. Holdings, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Laramie had arsenic concentrations in on-site water well samples 3,100-times higher than DEQ cleanup levels.[55] The site has been storing a 1,000-ton pile of contaminated flue dust from Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex, an Idaho superfund site, under a tarp since the 1980s.[55] In 2011 L.C. Holdings entered the DEQ's "Voluntary Remediation Program".

Government and laws

[edit]
Laramie City Hall

Laramie has a council–manager form of government. The council, the city's legislative body, consists of nine members who serve overlapping four-year terms. The council members set policy, approve budgets, pass ordinances, appoint citizen volunteers to advisory boards, and oversee the city staff.[56] Two members of the council are elected from each of three wards. The council picks a mayor and vice-mayor once every two years at the first council meeting in January.[56] Laramie is the county seat of Albany County and houses county offices, courts,[57] and the county library.

In 2015, Laramie passed an LGBT anti-discrimination bill.[58] The ordinance bans discrimination against LGBT people in employment, housing and public accommodations such as bars and restaurants.[58]

Education

[edit]

Albany County School District#1, the only school district in the county,[59] is headquartered in Laramie. It governs 19 public schools in an area of 4,000 square miles (10,000 km2) including Laramie, Centennial, Rock River, and rural locations. A total of about 4,000 students attend these schools, the Laramie fraction of which includes seven elementary schools, one middle school, Laramie High School, and Whiting High School.[60] Snowy Range Academy, a charter school, serves children in grades K–7.[61] The University of Wyoming also offers a Lab School (colloquially referred to as "Prep") for K–9 students.[62]

St. Laurence, a Catholic school of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne, formerly served children in grades K–6.[63] It opened in 1951 and in 2016 it had 30 students.[64] It closed on June 30, 2016, as its costs had increased and the numbers of students had declined.[65] Laramie Montessori School now occupies the campus.[64]

The main campus of the University of Wyoming is in Laramie. In 2009, about 13,400 students were enrolled there at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels.[66] A branch campus of Laramie County Community College is also in Laramie.

The WyoTech campus offers 9-month courses in Automotive Technology, Collision & Refinishing Technology, and Diesel Technology, as well as a variety of specialized industry programs—including High-Performance Power Trains, Street Rod, Trim and Upholstery, Chassis Fabrication, and Applied Service Management.

Media

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The Laramie Boomerang is Laramie's main newspaper. The Branding Iron is a student-run newspaper at the University of Wyoming. Wyoming Public Television station KCWC-DT, licensed to Central Wyoming College in Riverton, has a transmitter near Laramie known as KWYP-DT.[67]

Many radio stations broadcast from Laramie. Three are Wyoming Public Radio stations: KUWR (91.9 FM); KUWY (88.5 FM); and KUWL (90.1 FM).[68] The others are KOCA-LP (93.5 FM); KCGY (95.1 FM); KIMX (104.5 FM); KLMI (106.1 FM); KRQU (98.7 FM); KARS (102.9 FM); KHAT (1210 AM); and KOWB (1290 AM).[69]

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The Man from Laramie was a 1955 western film starring James Stewart. It was shot in the Bonanza Creek Ranch and other places near Santa Fe, New Mexico.[70]

From 1958 to 1962, Laramie was the setting for ABC TV series Lawman, starring John Russell and Peter Brown, and from 1959 to 1963, Laramie was also the name of an NBC western television series, starring John Smith and Robert Fuller as ranch partners who operate a stagecoach station 12 miles (19 km) east of the city.[71] In July 2017, the 83-year-old Fuller visited the city for the first time, serving as grandmaster of Laramie's annual Jubilee Days parade and festivities.

Laramie in its early days is also featured in Seasons 4 and 5 of the AMC western television drama series Hell On Wheels, set in California and in Laramie.[72]

In addition to The Laramie Project and the play from which it was adapted, several other cultural depictions of Matthew Shepard are set in Laramie.

In 2011, German actor and writer Joachim Meyerhoff wrote his first novel, Amerika, about the year he spent as a student in Laramie. The book was a bestseller in Germany.[73]

Teenage Bottlerocket, an American punk rock band, formed in Laramie in 2000.

Infrastructure and transportation

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Major highways

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Airport

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SkyWest Airlines (United) provides daily commercial flights between Laramie Regional Airport and Denver, Colorado.[74] The airport, 3 miles (5 km) west of the central business district, is operated and financed by the City of Laramie and Albany County. In addition to commercial flights, the airport serves private and corporate planes and atmospheric research aircraft from the University of Wyoming.[75]

Ground transportation

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The University of Wyoming Transit System provides bus service in the city. While it is primarily centered on students and staff at the university, it is open to the general public.[76]

Laramie has multiple taxi companies, as well as Uber service, which launched in 2017.

For intercity service, Laramie is served by Greyhound Lines, with service to and from Cheyenne and Fort Collins. Green Ride of Northern Colorado provides service from Laramie to Fort Collins and Denver International Airport.

Laramie had passenger rail service from the Union Pacific until 1971. Amtrak continued service until 1983 on the Pioneer, then again from 1991 to 1997. Only curbside Amtrak Thruway bus service is currently available.[77]

The former Union Pacific passenger depot in Laramie was donated to the Laramie Plains Museum in 1985, and then to the Laramie Railroad Depot Association in 2009, which operates it as a small museum and a venue for community events.

Utilities

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The city's drinking water comes from the Big Laramie River, the largest single source, and wellfields in the Casper Aquifer,[78] and it is treated in a modern plant.[79] The current wastewater plant began operation in 1998.[80] The Solid Waste Division operates the city-owned landfill, about 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the city.[81] Laramie has 135 miles (217 km) of streets and 31 miles (50 km) of alleys.[82]

Notable people

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References

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  84. ^ American National Biography, v.16, p.565: "Nye settled in Laramie (City) where he rose to national fame ...

Further reading

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  • Emmett D. Chisum, "Boom Towns on the Union Pacific: Laramie, Benton, and Bear River City." Annals of Wyoming 53#1 (1981): 2-13.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Laramie, Wyoming.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Laramie.
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