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Masculine beauty ideals are mainly rooted in [[heteronormative]] beliefs about [[hypermasculinity]], but they heavily influence men of all [[sexual orientations]] and [[gender identities]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Joy |first1=Phillip |last2=Numer |first2=Matthew |title=How body ideals shape the health of gay men |url=https://theconversation.com/how-body-ideals-shape-the-health-of-gay-men-108393 |website=The Conversation |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> The masculine beauty ideal traits include but are not limited to: [[male body shape]], [[Human height|height]], [[Human skin color|skin tones]], [[Human body weight|body weight]], [[muscle mass]], and [[penis size|genital size]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hames |first1=R. |title=Beauty |url=https://www.unl.edu/rhames/courses/ppoint/beauty.pdf |website=University of Nebraska - Lincoln |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> Men oftentimes feel social pressure to conform to these standards in order to feel desirable, and thus elect to alter their bodies through processes such as extreme dieting, genital enlargement, radical fitness regimens, skin whitening, tanning, and other bodily surgical modifications.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Body image - men - Better Health Channel |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/body-image-men |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-25 |title=The Truth About Male Body Image Issues |url=https://www.newportinstitute.com/resources/mental-health/male-body-issues/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Newport Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=McCreary |first1=Donald R. |last2=Saucier |first2=Deborah M. |date=2009-01-01 |title=Drive for muscularity, body comparison, and social physique anxiety in men and women |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144508001204 |journal=Body Image |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=24–30 |doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.09.002 |pmid=18996066 |issn=1740-1445}}</ref>
Masculine beauty ideals are mainly rooted in [[heteronormative]] beliefs about [[hypermasculinity]], but they heavily influence men of all [[sexual orientations]] and [[gender identities]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Joy |first1=Phillip |last2=Numer |first2=Matthew |title=How body ideals shape the health of gay men |url=https://theconversation.com/how-body-ideals-shape-the-health-of-gay-men-108393 |website=The Conversation |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> The masculine beauty ideal traits include but are not limited to: [[male body shape]], [[Human height|height]], [[Human skin color|skin tones]], [[Human body weight|body weight]], [[muscle mass]], and [[penis size|genital size]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hames |first1=R. |title=Beauty |url=https://www.unl.edu/rhames/courses/ppoint/beauty.pdf |website=University of Nebraska - Lincoln |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> Men oftentimes feel social pressure to conform to these standards in order to feel desirable, and thus elect to alter their bodies through processes such as extreme dieting, genital enlargement, radical fitness regimens, skin whitening, tanning, and other bodily surgical modifications.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Body image - men - Better Health Channel |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/body-image-men |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-25 |title=The Truth About Male Body Image Issues |url=https://www.newportinstitute.com/resources/mental-health/male-body-issues/ |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Newport Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=McCreary |first1=Donald R. |last2=Saucier |first2=Deborah M. |date=2009-01-01 |title=Drive for muscularity, body comparison, and social physique anxiety in men and women |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144508001204 |journal=Body Image |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=24–30 |doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.09.002 |pmid=18996066 |issn=1740-1445}}</ref>


Because masculine beauty standards are subjective, they change significantly based on location. A professor of anthropology at the [[University of Edinburgh]], Alexander Edmonds, states that in Western Europe and other colonial societies (Australia, and North and South America), the legacies of [[Atlantic slave trade|slavery]] and [[European colonization of the Americas|colonialism]] have resulted in images of beautiful men being "very white."<ref name="What does the 'perfect man' look like now?">{{cite web |last1=Ali |first1=Myra |title=What does the 'perfect man' look like now? |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210707-what-does-the-perfect-man-look-like-now |website=BBC |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> Standards of beauty, however, vary based on culture and location. While Western beauty standards emphasize muscled physiques, this is not the case everywhere.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Durkee |first1=Patrick |last2=Polo |first2=Pablo |last3=Pita |first3=Miguel |title=Men's Bodily Attractiveness: Muscles as Fitness Indicators |journal=Evolutionary Psychology |date=April–June 2019 |volume=17 |issue=2 |doi=10.1177/1474704919852918 |pmid=31167552 |s2cid=174815605 }}</ref> In [[South Korea]] and other parts of [[East Asia]], the rise of [[androgyny|androgynous]] [[K-Pop]] bands have led to slim boyish bodies, vibrant hair, and make-up being more sought after ideals of masculine beauty.<ref name="What does the 'perfect man' look like now?"/>
Because masculine beauty standards are subjective, they change significantly based on location. A professor of anthropology at the [[University of Edinburgh]], Alexander Edmonds, states that in Western Europe and other colonial societies (Australia, and North and South America), the legacies of [[Atlantic slave trade|slavery]] and [[European colonization of the Americas|colonialism]] have resulted in images of beautiful men being "very white."<ref name="What does the 'perfect man' look like now?">{{cite web |last1=Ali |first1=Myra |title=What does the 'perfect man' look like now? |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210707-what-does-the-perfect-man-look-like-now |website=BBC |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> Standards of beauty, however, vary based on culture and location. While Western beauty standards emphasize muscled physiques, this is not the case everywhere.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Durkee |first1=Patrick |last2=Polo |first2=Pablo |last3=Pita |first3=Miguel |title=Men's Bodily Attractiveness: Muscles as Fitness Indicators |journal=Evolutionary Psychology |date=April–June 2019 |volume=17 |issue=2 |doi=10.1177/1474704919852918 |pmid=31167552 |s2cid=174815605 |doi-access=free }}</ref> In [[South Korea]] and other parts of [[East Asia]], the rise of [[androgyny|androgynous]] [[K-Pop]] bands have led to slim boyish bodies, vibrant hair, and make-up being more sought after ideals of masculine beauty.<ref name="What does the 'perfect man' look like now?"/>


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 00:36, 30 January 2023

Michelangelo's David is considered a Western symbol of young male beauty and strength

The masculine beauty ideal is a set of cultural beauty standards for men which change based on the historical era and the geographic region.[1] These standards are ingrained in men from a young age to increase their perceived physical attractiveness.[2]

Masculine beauty ideals are mainly rooted in heteronormative beliefs about hypermasculinity, but they heavily influence men of all sexual orientations and gender identities.[3] The masculine beauty ideal traits include but are not limited to: male body shape, height, skin tones, body weight, muscle mass, and genital size.[4] Men oftentimes feel social pressure to conform to these standards in order to feel desirable, and thus elect to alter their bodies through processes such as extreme dieting, genital enlargement, radical fitness regimens, skin whitening, tanning, and other bodily surgical modifications.[5][6][7]

Because masculine beauty standards are subjective, they change significantly based on location. A professor of anthropology at the University of Edinburgh, Alexander Edmonds, states that in Western Europe and other colonial societies (Australia, and North and South America), the legacies of slavery and colonialism have resulted in images of beautiful men being "very white."[8] Standards of beauty, however, vary based on culture and location. While Western beauty standards emphasize muscled physiques, this is not the case everywhere.[9] In South Korea and other parts of East Asia, the rise of androgynous K-Pop bands have led to slim boyish bodies, vibrant hair, and make-up being more sought after ideals of masculine beauty.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ Simonova, Michaela. "The Ideal Man: Male Beauty Standards Through History". The Collector. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  2. ^ Lee Yang, Eugene; Koeppel, Kari; Vazquez, Eli. "Men's Standards Of Beauty Around The World". Buzzfeed. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  3. ^ Joy, Phillip; Numer, Matthew. "How body ideals shape the health of gay men". The Conversation. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  4. ^ Hames, R. "Beauty" (PDF). University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  5. ^ "Body image - men - Better Health Channel". www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 2022-04-21.
  6. ^ "The Truth About Male Body Image Issues". Newport Institute. 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2022-04-21.
  7. ^ McCreary, Donald R.; Saucier, Deborah M. (2009-01-01). "Drive for muscularity, body comparison, and social physique anxiety in men and women". Body Image. 6 (1): 24–30. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.09.002. ISSN 1740-1445. PMID 18996066.
  8. ^ a b Ali, Myra. "What does the 'perfect man' look like now?". BBC. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  9. ^ Durkee, Patrick; Polo, Pablo; Pita, Miguel (April–June 2019). "Men's Bodily Attractiveness: Muscles as Fitness Indicators". Evolutionary Psychology. 17 (2). doi:10.1177/1474704919852918. PMID 31167552. S2CID 174815605.
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