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The CAVForth scheme has been developed with funding from and partnership between bus manufacturer [[Alexander Dennis]], [[Fusion Processing]], the [[Stagecoach Group]], [[Transport Scotland]], the [[Napier University]] and the [[Bristol Robotics Laboratory]].<ref>{{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |url=https://www.cavforth.com/ |title=Welcome to CAVForth |work=CAVForth |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> The pilot scheme was set to commence passenger-carrying service as early as mid-2020,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Matchett |first1=Conor |last2=Anderson |first2=Joseph |date=30 December 2019 |title=Autonomous buses across the Forth will be open to fare-paying customers in mid-2020 |url=https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/transport/autonomous-buses-across-the-forth-will-be-open-to-fare-paying-customers-in-mid-2020-1351941 |work=Edinburgh Evening News |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> however delays due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] would see the first trials of five Enviro200AVs limited to {{cvt|50|mph}} along the CAVForth1 route take place over two weeks in April 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last=Alastair |first=Dalton |date=15 June 2021 |title='We don't think the public are ready to trust it just yet', Stagecoach admits over Forth Road Bridge autonomous bus trial |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/transport/public-not-ready-to-trust-autonomous-buses-yet-stagecoach-3274109 |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |url=https://www.route-one.net/news/autonomous-bus-testing-commences-in-scotland/ |title=Full-size autonomous bus testing commences in Scotland |work=routeone |date=25 April 2022 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> The first passenger-taking trials of the CAVForth Enviro200AVs would later take place in January 2023.<ref>{{cite web|last=Peat|first=Chris |url=https://www.busandcoachbuyer.com/first-passengers-board-stagecoach-autonomous-bus/ |title=First passengers board Stagecoach autonomous bus |work=Bus & Coach Buyer |date=23 January 2023 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>
The CAVForth scheme has been developed with funding from and partnership between bus manufacturer [[Alexander Dennis]], [[Fusion Processing]], the [[Stagecoach Group]], [[Transport Scotland]], the [[Napier University]] and the [[Bristol Robotics Laboratory]].<ref>{{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |url=https://www.cavforth.com/ |title=Welcome to CAVForth |work=CAVForth |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> The pilot scheme was set to commence passenger-carrying service as early as mid-2020,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Matchett |first1=Conor |last2=Anderson |first2=Joseph |date=30 December 2019 |title=Autonomous buses across the Forth will be open to fare-paying customers in mid-2020 |url=https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/transport/autonomous-buses-across-the-forth-will-be-open-to-fare-paying-customers-in-mid-2020-1351941 |work=Edinburgh Evening News |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> however delays due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] would see the first trials of five Enviro200AVs limited to {{cvt|50|mph}} along the CAVForth1 route take place over two weeks in April 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last=Alastair |first=Dalton |date=15 June 2021 |title='We don't think the public are ready to trust it just yet', Stagecoach admits over Forth Road Bridge autonomous bus trial |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/transport/public-not-ready-to-trust-autonomous-buses-yet-stagecoach-3274109 |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |url=https://www.route-one.net/news/autonomous-bus-testing-commences-in-scotland/ |title=Full-size autonomous bus testing commences in Scotland |work=routeone |date=25 April 2022 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> The first passenger-taking trials of the CAVForth Enviro200AVs would later take place in January 2023.<ref>{{cite web|last=Peat|first=Chris |url=https://www.busandcoachbuyer.com/first-passengers-board-stagecoach-autonomous-bus/ |title=First passengers board Stagecoach autonomous bus |work=Bus & Coach Buyer |date=23 January 2023 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>


CAVForth1 is scheduled to commence operations on 15 May 2023.<ref name="BBCApr4" /><ref name="ROApr4" /> An additional £10.4&nbsp;million of funding from the was secured for an extension to [[Dunfermline]] named CAVForth2 in February 2023.<ref name="ROCF2">{{cite web|last=Deakin |first=Tim |url=https://www.route-one.net/news/cavforth2-to-grow-autonomous-bus-work-in-scotland/ |title=CAVForth2 to grow autonomous bus work in Scotland |work=routeone |date=1 February 2023 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>
CAVForth1 is scheduled to commence operations on 15 May 2023.<ref name="BBCApr4" /><ref name="ROApr4" /> An additional £10.4&nbsp;million of funding was secured for an extension to [[Dunfermline]] named CAVForth2 in February 2023.<ref name="ROCF2">{{cite web|last=Deakin |first=Tim |url=https://www.route-one.net/news/cavforth2-to-grow-autonomous-bus-work-in-scotland/ |title=CAVForth2 to grow autonomous bus work in Scotland |work=routeone |date=1 February 2023 |access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>

==Routes==
==Routes==
===CAVForth1===
===CAVForth1===

Revision as of 07:13, 5 April 2023

CAVForth
Connected Autonomous Vehicles
An Alexander Dennis Enviro200AV on trial with Stagecoach Manchester in 2019, similar to the vehicles that will be used on the service
Overview
OperatorStagecoach East Scotland
VehicleAlexander Dennis Enviro200AV
Peak vehicle requirement5
StatusAwaiting opening
Began service15 May 2023 (2023-05-15)
PredecessorsJET 747
Route
Route typePark and ride
LocaleRiver Forth
StartFerrytoll Park and Ride
ViaForth Road Bridge
EndEdinburgh Park
Length14 mi (23 km)
Service
Frequency20 minutes
OperatesMondays to Sundays
TimetableCAVForth timetable
Buses run to SAE Level 4, meaning a driver is present in each bus at all times

CAVForth (Connected Autonomous Vehicles) is a pilot scheme based in eastern Scotland to develop passenger-carrying autonomous bus services in the United Kingdom. The scheme's first bus route, a park and ride service operated by Stagecoach East Scotland at a 20-minute frequency between Edinburgh Park and the Ferrytoll Park and Ride site via the Forth Road Bridge, is to commence operation on 15 May 2023. The service will use a fleet of five Alexander Dennis Enviro200AV diesel single-deck buses built to SAE Level 4 requirements, meaning a driver is present in the bus at all times but does not need to control the bus in regular service.[1][2]

Development

The CAVForth pilot was first announced in November 2018, having secured £4.35 million in part funding from the UK Government's Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles.[3] Bus manufacturer Alexander Dennis constructed an Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC equipped with radar, optical cameras, LiDAR and ultrasound sensors to enable self-driving capability, which was subjected to a series of technical trials at Stagecoach Manchester's Sharston depot in March 2019. Tests undertaken by the bus involved parking in a designated space, driving around the depot and through the bus wash.[4][5][6] The bus, later rebranded to the Enviro200AV, would be trialled again in Glasgow at the CAV Scotland conference at the SEC Centre in November 2019.[7][8]

The CAVForth scheme has been developed with funding from and partnership between bus manufacturer Alexander Dennis, Fusion Processing, the Stagecoach Group, Transport Scotland, the Napier University and the Bristol Robotics Laboratory.[9] The pilot scheme was set to commence passenger-carrying service as early as mid-2020,[10] however delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic would see the first trials of five Enviro200AVs limited to 50 mph (80 km/h) along the CAVForth1 route take place over two weeks in April 2022.[11][12] The first passenger-taking trials of the CAVForth Enviro200AVs would later take place in January 2023.[13]

CAVForth1 is scheduled to commence operations on 15 May 2023.[1][2] An additional £10.4 million of funding was secured for an extension to Dunfermline named CAVForth2 in February 2023.[14]

Routes

CAVForth1

CAVForth1 is a conventional park and ride service that will operate at a 20-minute frequency 7 days a week between Edinburgh Park and the Ferrytoll Park and Ride site in Fife via the M8, M9 and M90 motorways as well as the Forth Road Bridge,[15] with a projected capacity of 10,000 passenger journeys per week on the 14 mi (23 km) service. The service is to commence operations on 15 May 2023 using a fleet of five Enviro200AVs operated by Stagecoach East Scotland, each crewed by a safety driver in the driver's seat and a 'bus captain' who will assist passengers boarding the service.[1][2]

CAVForth2

CAVForth2 will serve as an extension of CAVForth1, travelling a distance of 20 mi (32 km) between Edinburgh Park and Dunfermline via the Forth Road Bridge and the Ferrytoll Park and Ride site. Stagecoach East Scotland will operate an Alexander Dennis Enviro100AEV battery electric midibus on CAVForth2, equipped with the same technology as the larger Enviro200AV.[14][16]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Driverless bus service to start in Scotland in 'world first'". BBC News. 4 April 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  2. ^ a b c Deakin, Tim (4 April 2023). "CAVForth autonomous service to commence on 15 May". routeone. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  3. ^ "First driverless Edinburgh to Fife bus trial announced". BBC News. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  4. ^ Young, Sarah (19 March 2019). "UK's first driverless bus trialled in Manchester". The Independent. Archived from the original on 19 March 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  5. ^ Jackson, Peter (26 March 2019). "Along for the ride". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough: Emap. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  6. ^ "Stagecoach and ADL begin autonomous bus trial in Manchester". SMMT. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  7. ^ Eden, Tom (13 November 2019). "Scotland's first self-driving bus tested in Glasgow ahead of launch next year". Daily Record. Glasgow. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  8. ^ "Scotland 'open for business' in pioneering driverless vehicles". BBC News. 30 December 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  9. ^ "Welcome to CAVForth". CAVForth. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  10. ^ Matchett, Conor; Anderson, Joseph (30 December 2019). "Autonomous buses across the Forth will be open to fare-paying customers in mid-2020". Edinburgh Evening News. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  11. ^ Alastair, Dalton (15 June 2021). "'We don't think the public are ready to trust it just yet', Stagecoach admits over Forth Road Bridge autonomous bus trial". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Full-size autonomous bus testing commences in Scotland". routeone. 25 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  13. ^ Peat, Chris (23 January 2023). "First passengers board Stagecoach autonomous bus". Bus & Coach Buyer. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  14. ^ a b Deakin, Tim (1 February 2023). "CAVForth2 to grow autonomous bus work in Scotland". routeone. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  15. ^ Ward, Justin (9 August 2022). "'Globally significant'". UK Roads Leadership Group. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  16. ^ "CAVForth2 extends via Alexander Dennis". Transport Engineer. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
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