PRISMA (spacecraft)

PRISMA

Mission type	Earth observation Technology
Operator	ASI
COSPAR ID	2019-015A
SATCAT no.	44072
Website	www.asi.it/en/activity/earth_observation/prisma_
Mission duration	5 years (planned)
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	Carlo Gavazzi Space SELEX Galileo Rheinmetall Italia
Launch mass	550 kilograms (1,210 lb)
Dimensions	1.75 m x 1.54 m x 3.4 m
Power	350 w (avg.) 700 w (max)
Start of mission
Launch date	2017 (2017) (planned)
Rocket	Vega
Launch site	Kourou ELV
Contractor	Arianespace
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Sun-Synchronous Orbit
Eccentricity	0
Apogee altitude	614 km (382 mi)
Inclination	98.19 degrees
Period	99 minutes
Mean motion	15
Repeat interval	29 days
Epoch	Planned
Transponders
Band	S Band (tracking/control) X band (data transmission)
Frequency	9.6 GHz
Bandwidth	155 Mbit/s

PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa, Hyperspectral PRecursor of the Application Mission ) is a Italian Space Agency pre-operational and technology demonstrator mission focused on the development and delivery of hyperspectral products and the qualification of the hyperspectral payload in space.

Overview

PRISMA is an Earth observation satellite with innovative electro-optical instrumentation which combines a hyperspectral sensor with a medium-resolution panchromatic camera. The advantages of this combination are that in addition to the classical capability of observation based on the recognition of the geometrical characteristics of the scene, there is the one offered by hyperspectral sensors which can determine the chemical-physical composition of objects present on the scene. This offers the scientific community and users many applications in the field of environmental monitoring, resource management, crop classification, pollution control, etc. Further applications are possible even in the field of National Security.

PRISMA is a program completely funded by ASI and is a follow on of HypSEO mission.

Scientific objectives

• Implementation of an Earth Observation pre-operative mission.
• In orbit demonstration and qualification of an Italian state-of-the-art hyperspectral/panchromatic technology.
• Validation of end-to-end data processing able to develop new applications of spectral resolution images.
• Capitalization of ASI heritage, specifically canceled HypSEO mission and Italian-Canadian Joint Hyperspectral Mission (JHM).

Payload

The Hyperspectral / Panchromatic payload is derived from HypSEO and updated as for the JHM study:

• PRISMA (Hyperspectral and Panchromatic instrument): a prism spectrometer composed of the Hyp/Pan camera, an optical head and the main electronics box. The design is based on a pushbroom type observation concept providing hyperspectral imagery (~ 250 bands) at a spatial resolution of 30 m on a swath of 30 km. The spectral resolution is better than 12 nm in a spectral range of 400-2500 nm (VNIR and SWIR regions). In parallel, Pan (Panchromatic) imagery is provided at a spatial resolution of 5 m; the Pan data is co-registered with the Hyp (Hyperspectral) data to permit testing of image fusion techniques.
• Internal Calibration Unit (ICU): an instrument designed to allow the support of absolute and relative radiometric calibrations and spectral calibrations.
• Payload Data Handling and Transmission: This subsystem, of COSMO-SkyMed heritage, is dedicated to the processing of the payload data for the X band downlink.

See also

• COSMO-SkyMed

External links

• ASI web page on the mission
• eoPortal page of PRISMA