Paniai Lakes languages: Difference between revisions
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==Vocabulary comparison== |
==Vocabulary comparison== |
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The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://transnewguinea.org/ |title=TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea |last=Greenhill |first=Simon |date=2016 |
The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://transnewguinea.org/ |title=TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea |last=Greenhill |first=Simon |date=2016 |access-date=2020-11-05}}</ref> |
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==Evolution== |
==Evolution== |
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Paniai Lakes reflexes of [[proto-Trans-New Guinea]] (pTNG) etyma are:<ref name="Pawley-TNG">{{cite book |last1=Pawley |first1=Andrew |last2=Hammarström |first2=Harald |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Trans New Guinea family |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages= |
Paniai Lakes reflexes of [[proto-Trans-New Guinea]] (pTNG) etyma are:<ref name="Pawley-TNG">{{cite book |last1=Pawley |first1=Andrew |last2=Hammarström |first2=Harald |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Trans New Guinea family |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=21–196 |isbn=978-3-11-028642-7}}</ref> |
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[[Ekari language]]: |
[[Ekari language]]: |
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{{West Trans–New Guinea languages}} |
{{West Trans–New Guinea languages}} |
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{{Papuan languages}} |
{{Papuan languages}} |
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[[Category:Paniai Lakes languages| ]] |
[[Category:Paniai Lakes languages| ]] |
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[[Category:Languages of western New Guinea]] |
[[Category:Languages of western New Guinea]] |
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Revision as of 21:21, 17 November 2020
| Paniai Lakes | |
|---|---|
| Wissel Lakes | |
| Geographic distribution | Paniai Lakes and highlands of Irian Jaya |
| Linguistic classification | Trans–New Guinea
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | pani1259 |
The Paniai Lakes languages, also known as the Wissel Lakes or Wissel Lakes – Kemandoga River, are a small family of closely related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the Paniai Lakes region of the highlands of Irian Jaya in the Paniai Lakes region of West Papua. Foley (2003) considers their Trans–New Guinea status to be established.
Languages
The languages are:[1]
They are most closely related to the Dani languages, Amung and Dem.[1]
Pronouns
Independent pronouns and possessive prefixes are:
sg du pl 1 *ani, *na- *ina *ini, *ni- 2 *aka, *ka- *ika *iki 3 *oka, *e-
Vocabulary comparison
The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database:[2]
gloss Ekari
(Paniai Lake dialect)Ekari Moni
(Kemandoga dialect)Moni Wolani
(Upper Mbijandoga dialect)Wolani head migo muŋagi moto hair iyo mbagu elo eye peka seŋgamu nose juma jange juma tooth egó ego baga baga hego hego tongue etá dabe debegada leg bado bado louse uka uka amu amu uka uka dog dodi home kawino pig ekina wogo iŋgina bird bedo bedo beka bega bido bido egg nipo ŋgeda blood emo emo eka ega emo emo bone mitoo mitoo iwa iwa mitoo mitoo skin kadó kado ada ada ebada ebada breast ama ama ama tree pija piya bo bo pija piya man jame yame aka me me me sun meuka; tani tani emondani emondani dame dame moon agoo tinawi agoo water uwo uwo du du uwo uwo fire bodija bodiya usa usa bida bida stone mogo mogo homa ŋeda huma huma road, path itá kejako hindá name eka eka eje eze ekada ekada eat nai nai nuija nuya nona nona one ena; kate ena; kato hako hago naa naa two wijá wiya hija hiya wijá wiya
Evolution
Paniai Lakes reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[3]
- ama ‘breast’ < *amu
- benáî ‘arm’ < *mbena
- modo ‘belly’ < *mundun
- ama ‘breast’ < *amu
- kado ‘skin’ < *k(a,o)(nd,t)apu
- yame ‘louse’ < *niman
- mei- ‘come’ < *me
- wawa ‘father’ < *mbapa
- mana ‘speech, talk’ < *mana ‘instructions’
- tani ‘sun’ < *ketane
- ama ‘breast’ < *amu
- (duku)mudu ‘heart’ < *mundun ‘internal organs, belly’
- ada ‘skin’ < *k(a,o)(nd,t)apu
- pane ‘woman’ < *panV
- timu ‘night’ < *k(i,u)tuma
- homa ‘stone’ < *ka(mb,m)uCV
- usa ‘tree’ < *inda
- me- ‘come’ < *me-
References
- ^ a b NewGuineaWorld
- ^ Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.
- ^ Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
