View source for Filyovskaya line

{{Short description|Moscow Metro line}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox rail line
| name                            = {{MOSMETRO-bull|4}}{{MOSMETRO-bull|4A|text=1}}
| image                           = Line 4 (Moscow).svg
| image_width                     = 325px
| caption                         = 
| type                            = [[Rapid transit]]
| system                          = [[Moscow Metro]]
| status                          = 
| locale                          = [[Moscow]]
| start                           = {{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}} (center)
| end                             = {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kuntsevskaya|4}} (west); {{stl|Moscow Metro|Moskva-City}} (west)
| stations                        = 13
| daily_ridership                 = 320,600
| open                            = 15 May 1935 (as branch of {{MOSMETRO-bull|1|12}})<br />7 November 1958 (as fully separate)
| close                           = 
| owner                           = Moskovsky Metropoliten
| operator                        = Moskovsky Metropoliten
| character                       = At-grade, underground
| stock                           = [[81-765/766/767|81-765.2/766.2/767.2]]
| linelength_km                   = 14.9
| tracklength                     = 
| tracks                          = 
| gauge                           = {{track gauge|1520mm|lk=on}}
| electrification                 = [[Third rail]]
| speed                           = 
| elevation                       = 
| map                             = {{Filyovskaya Line RDT}}
}}

The '''Filyovskaya line''' ({{langx|ru|Филёвская ли́ния}}, {{IPA|ru|fɪˈlʲɵfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə|IPA}}), or '''Line 4''' and '''4A''', formerly the '''Arbatsko-Filyovskaya line''' ({{langx|ru|Арбатско-Филёвская}}) is a line of the [[Moscow Metro]]. Chronologically the sixth to open, it connects the major western districts of Dorogomilovo and [[Fili (Moscow)|Fili]] along with the [[Moscow International Business Center|Moscow-City]] with the city centre. At present it has 13 stations and is {{Convert|14.9|km}} long.

==History==
The history of the Filyovskaya line is one of the most complicated in Moscow Metro, due to the eastern radius falling victim of changing policies. Originally the earliest stations are the oldest, dating to 1935 and 1937 when they opened as part of the First stage and operated as a branch from what later became the [[Sokolnicheskaya line]]. In 1938 the branch service was liquidated, and the [[Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line]] was created by trains now terminating at [[Kurskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line)|Kurskaya]]. However, during the Second World War, the station [[Arbatskaya (Filyovskaya line)|Arbatskaya]] suffered damage when a German bomb pierced its ceiling, as all of the 1930s stations were built subsurface.

The threat of the [[Cold War]] becoming hot meant that these early stations were not suited to double as bomb shelters, and instead, a deep parallel section was built. This would have meant the end of the Filyovskaya line, had [[Nikita Khrushchev]] as part of his visit to [[New York City]] not been inspired by seeing elevated and surface lines. Upon his return, and coinciding with his pursuit to save costs on architecture and construction, he cancelled the planned deep-level extension to Fili and instead built a surface line that would see the old stations reopened. In 1958 the '''Arbatsko–Filyovskaya line''' was inaugurated, becoming the sixth to open (the term Arbatsko- was dropped later). The line continued to extend westwards reaching Fili in 1959, along with its separate depot, the Fili Park in 1961 and ultimately the housing complex of [[Kuntsevo District|Kuntsevo]] in 1965. A further extension was built to a newer development in Krylatskoye in 1989.

All of the stations, save Molodyozhnaya and Krylatskoye, were at ground level, the original late 1950s trio was built to an identical side-platform configuration, while the remaining four with a standardised island platform. Despite the success in saving costs, the Russian climate, particularly the winter, the sharp bends, and the small station size made the line one of the most unpopular with passengers.

By the 21st century, however, Filyovskaya line's fate would change radically. First the rising [[Moscow International Business Center|Moscow City]] business centre required a metro line, and a two-station branch was opened from Kievskaya in 2005 to Delovoy Tsentr and again in 2006 to Mezhdunarodnaya. In December 2020 the route from Alexandrovsky Sad, line's eastern terminus, to Mezhdunarodnaya was given its own number {{MOSMETRO-bull|4A}} on metro maps.

In early 2008, with the realization of the [[Strogino–Mitino extension]] the Filyovskaya line's underground end was taken up by the same [[Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line]], and its terminus was a redesigned platform at {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kuntsevskaya|4}}.

===Timeline===
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;"
|-
!Segment!!Date opened!!Length
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Smolenskaya|4}}
|15 May 1935
|1.7&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Smolenskaya|4}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kiyevskaya|4}}
|20 March 1937
|1.4&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Ploshchad Revolyutsii}}
|13 March 1938
|*
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Kiyevskaya|4}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kutuzovskaya|4}}
|7 November 1958
|2.3&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Kutuzovskaya|4}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Fili}}
|7 November 1959
|1.7&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Fili}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Pionerskaya}}
|13 October 1961
|3.5&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Pionerskaya}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Molodyozhnaya}}
|5 July 1965
|3.8&nbsp;km***
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Kuntsevskaya|4}}
|31 August 1965
|N/A
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Molodyozhnaya}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Krylatskoye}}
|31 December 1989
|1.9&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Kiyevskaya|4}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Vystavochnaya}}
|10 September 2005
|2.2&nbsp;km**
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Vystavochnaya}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Mezhdunarodnaya}}
|30 August 2006
|0.5&nbsp;km
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Kuntsevskaya|4}}&nbsp;– {{stl|Moscow Metro|Krylatskoye}} detached
|2 January 2008
| −4.3&nbsp;km***
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!14.7&nbsp;km
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> Service branch of 0.9&nbsp;km was used to connect Aleksandrovsky Sad and Ploshchad Revolyutsii.

<nowiki>**</nowiki> Segment exists as branch on route Aleksandrovskiy Sad – Kiyevskaya – Mezhdunarodnaya.

<nowiki>***</nowiki> On 2 January 2008 the Filyovskaya line was shortened to its terminus at Kuntsevskaya, whilst the stations Molodyozhnaya and Krylatskoye were passed on to the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line

==Routes==
As of 2024, the Filyovskaya line is the only line of the Moscow Metro with two routes.

{|class="wikitable"
!Icon
!Section of line
!Number of stations
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|4}}
|from [[Aleksandrovsky Sad (Moscow Metro)|Aleksandrovsky Sad]] to [[Kuntsevskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya and Filyovskaya lines)|Kuntsevskaya]]
|11
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|4A}}
|from [[Aleksandrovsky Sad (Moscow Metro)|Aleksandrovsky Sad]] to [[Moskva-City (Moscow Metro)|Moskva-City]]
|5
|}

==Name changes==
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;"
|-
!Station!!Previous name(s)!! Years
|-
|style="text-align: left;" rowspan="3"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}}
|Komintern
|1935–1937
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|Ulitsa Kominterna
|1937–1945
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|Kalininskaya
|1945–1990
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Vystavochnaya}}
|Delovoy Tsentr
|2005–2009
|-
|Moskva-Siti
|Mezhduranodnaya
|2006-2024
|-
|Delovoy Tsentr
|Vystavochnaya
|2009-2024
|}

==Transfers==
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;"
|-
!Transfer to!!At
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|1|text=1}}
|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{MOSMETRO-bull|3|text=1}}
| {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kiyevskaya|4}}
|-
| {{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}}
|-
| {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kuntsevskaya|4}}
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|5|text=1}}
| {{stl|Moscow Metro|Kiyevskaya|4}}
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|8A|text=1}}
| {{stl|Moscow Metro|Vystavochnaya}}
|-
|{{MOSMETRO-bull|9|text=1}}
|{{stl|Moscow Metro|Aleksandrovsky Sad}} (via {{MOSMETRO-bull|1|15}} or {{MOSMETRO-bull|3|15}})
|}

==Rolling stock==
The line is served by the Fili (№ 9) depot and currently the whole fleet is undergoing replacement. The oldest E type trains in Moscow were retired in 2009. Six carriage fleet of 24 trains (a mix of Ezh, Ezh1, Em-508 and Em-509) will was passed on to other depots and replaced by the new 81–740.1/741.1 "[[Metro wagon 81-740/741 Rusich|Rusich]]" (also known as "Skif") which are more suited for the outdoor climate that the line has. Also, there are five old 81-717/714 trains from Koltsevaya and Kalininskaya lines. They are mostly running on the "Aleksandrovsky sad" – "Mezhdunarodnaya" line, but some trains are running on the main line to "Kuntsevskaya".

In the summer of 2018, the operation of new 81-765.2/766.2/767.2 "[[81-765/766/767|Moskva]]" trains began. By December 2018 the line was solely operating 81–765.2/766.2/767.2s. The 81-765/766/767s are also suited for the outdoor climates the line has but have gangways between every carriage and are more advanced.

Subway car types used on the line over the years:
{|class=wikitable
! Type || Dates
|-
| Series A, B||1935 - 1953
|-
| Series V||1958 - 1962
|-
| Series D||1961 - 1992
|-
| Series E||1986 - 2007
|-
| Series Ezh, Em-508 and Em-509||1986 - 2009
|-
| Series 81-740A/741A||2005 - 2006
|-
| Series 81-740.1/741.1||2005 - 2019
|-
| Series 81-717/714||2011 - 2018
|-
| Series [[81-765/766/767|81-765.2/766.2/767.2]]||2018–present
|}

==Recent developments and future plans==
[[File:Moscow KievskayaFL metro station asv2018-08.jpg|thumb|right|Kiyevskaya station]]

After the line lost its terminus, its passenger flow dropped substantially, making it more local. Presently work is planned to upgrade the surface stations, and to finish replacement of the rolling stock. The branch service originally having 15 minute intervals now has 5 min which makes 1:1 ratio of trains traveling from Aleksandrovsky Sad.

==External links==
{{Commons|Filyovskaya Line|Filyovskaya Line}}
{{Attached KML |display=title,inline}}
*[http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/mos/img/line-4.htm Filyovskaya line photos and info on the Robert Schwandl's UrbanRail site]
*[http://transphoto.ru/articles/1466/ Filyovskaya line gallery on the Urban Electric Transit]

{{Moscow Metro Lines}}
{{Moscow Metro|line4=yes}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Moscow Metro lines]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1958]]
[[Category:Filyovskaya Line| ]]