Great spotted cuckoo: Difference between revisions

Great spotted cuckoo
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Cuculiformes
Family:	Cuculidae
Genus:	Clamator
Species:	C. glandarius
Binomial name
	Clamator glandarius; (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Range of C. glandarius Breeding Resident Non-breeding
Synonyms
	Cuculus glandarius Linnaeus, 1758

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The great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) is a member of the cuckoo order of birds, the Cuculiformes, which also includes the roadrunners, the anis and the coucals.

It is widely spread throughout Africa and the Mediterranean Basin. It is a brood parasite that lays its eggs in the nests of corvids, in particular the Eurasian magpie.

Taxonomy

In 1747 the English naturalist George Edwards included an illustration and a description of the great spotted cuckoo in the second volume of his A Natural History of Uncommon Birds. He used the English name "The Great Spotted Cuckow". Edwards based his hand-coloured etching on a specimen that had been shot in Gibraltar and sent to the English naturalist Mark Catesby in London.^[2] When in 1758 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the tenth edition, he placed the great spotted cuckoo with the other cuckoos in the genus Cuculus. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Cuculus glandarius and cited Edwards' work.^[3] The great spotted cuckoo is now placed in the genus Clamator that was introduced by German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829.^[4]^[5] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.^[5] The genus name Clamator is Latin for "shouter" from clamare, "to shout". The specific epithet glandarius is Latin meaning "of acorns".^[6]

Description

This species is slightly larger than the common cuckoo at 35–39 cm (14–15 in) in length, but looks much larger with its broad wings and long narrow tail. The adult is grey above with a slender body, long tail and strong legs. It has a grey cap, grey wings, a yellowish face and upper breast, and white underparts. Sexes are similar. The juveniles have blackish upperparts and cap, and chestnut primary wing feathers. This species has a magpie-like flight.

It is a bird of warm open country with trees. It feeds on insects, spiders, small reptiles and hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds.

The great spotted cuckoo's call is a loud cher-cher-kri-kri and variations.

Behaviour

Breeding

Unlike the common cuckoo, neither the hen nor the hatched chick of this species evict the host's eggs, but the young magpies often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food. However it has been shown that this species' chicks secrete a repellent scent when predators threaten. The repellent protects great spotted cuckoo chicks themselves as well as the host's chicks from predators.^[7] Carrion crow (Corvus corone corone) chicks survive better if a great spotted cuckoo chick shares their nest. Birds of prey and feral cats less frequently prey on crow's nests that include a great spotted cuckoo chick. Crow chicks benefit only when predators are very active; when there is less predation, losing food to great spotted cuckoo chicks harms the crow chicks without compensation.^[8]^[9]

References

^ BirdLife International (2016). "Clamator glandarius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22683819A86113703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683819A86113703.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Edwards, George (1747). A Natural History of Uncommon Birds. Vol. Part II. London: Printed for the author at the College of Physicians. p. 57, Plate 57.
^ Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 111.
^ Kaup, Johann Jakob (1829). Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und Naturliches System der Europaischen Thierwelt (in German). Darmstadt: In commission bei Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 53.
^ ^a ^b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Turacos, bustards, cuckoos, mesites, sandgrouse". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 110, 173. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Great Spotted Cuckoo proved to protect invaded nests. Lne.es (2014-03-21). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.
^ Smelly cuckoos protect hosts' chicks from predators. Newscientist.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.
^ The Stinky Way Cuckoo Birds Earn Their Keep. Livescience.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.

External links

Great spotted cuckoo - Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds.
Oiseaux Photographs, text, map (in French)
ADW: Clamator glandarius: Information
Ageing and sexing (PDF; 1.7 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze
Sightings, videos and photos of the species

[iucn_status_12_November_2021-1] BirdLife International (2016). "Clamator glandarius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22683819A86113703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683819A86113703.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[2] Edwards, George (1747). A Natural History of Uncommon Birds. Vol. Part II. London: Printed for the author at the College of Physicians. p. 57, Plate 57.

[3] Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 111.

[4] Kaup, Johann Jakob (1829). Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und Naturliches System der Europaischen Thierwelt (in German). Darmstadt: In commission bei Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 53.

[ioc-5] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Turacos, bustards, cuckoos, mesites, sandgrouse". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 October 2021.

[6] Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 110, 173. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[7] Great Spotted Cuckoo proved to protect invaded nests. Lne.es (2014-03-21). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.

[8] Smelly cuckoos protect hosts' chicks from predators. Newscientist.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.

[9] The Stinky Way Cuckoo Birds Earn Their Keep. Livescience.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Species of bird}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{speciesbox
 | name = Great spotted cuckoo
 | status = LC
 | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22683819 |title=''Clamator glandarius'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
+| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Clamator glandarius'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22683819A86113703 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683819A86113703.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
-| image = Clamator glandarius (juvenile).jpg
+| image = Clamator glandarius (cropped 2).jpg
-| image_width = 250px
+| genus = Clamator
+| species = glandarius
-| image_caption = From [[Etosha National Park]]
+| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| synonyms = ''Cuculus glandarius'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758}}
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
+| range_map = ClamatorGlandariusIUCNver2018 2.png
-| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
+| range_map_caption = Range of ''C. glandarius''{{leftlegend|#00FF00|Breeding|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#008000|Resident|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#007FFF|Non-breeding|outline=gray}}
-| ordo = [[Cuculiformes]]
-| familia = [[Cuculidae]]
-| genus = ''[[Clamator]]''
-| species = '''''C. glandarius'''''
-| binomial = ''Clamator glandarius''
-| binomial_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])
 }}
-The '''great spotted cuckoo''' (''Clamator glandarius'') is a member of the [[cuckoo]] order of [[bird]]s, the Cuculiformes, which also includes the [[Geococcyx|roadrunner]]s, the [[ani (bird)|anis]] and the [[coucal]]s. The genus name ''clamator'' is [[Latin]] for "shouter" from ''clamare'', "to shout". The specific ''glandarius'' is derived from Latin ''glans, glandis'', "acorn".<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages =110, 173}}</ref>
+The '''great spotted cuckoo''' ('''''Clamator glandarius''''') is a member of the [[cuckoo]] order of [[bird]]s, the Cuculiformes, which also includes the [[Geococcyx|roadrunner]]s, the [[ani (bird)|anis]] and the [[coucal]]s.
-It is a widespread summer [[bird migration|migrant]] to southeast and southwest [[Europe]] and western [[Asia]], and winters in [[Africa]]. It is a [[brood parasite]] that lays its eggs in the nests of [[Corvidae|corvids]], in particular the [[Eurasian magpie]].
+It is widely spread throughout [[Africa]] and the [[Mediterranean Basin]]. It is a [[brood parasite]] that lays its eggs in the nests of [[Corvidae|corvids]], in particular the [[Eurasian magpie]].
-==Chicks==
+==Taxonomy==
+In 1747 the English naturalist [[George Edwards (naturalist)|George Edwards]] included an illustration and a description of the great spotted cuckoo in the second volume of his ''A Natural History of Uncommon Birds''. He used the English name "The Great Spotted Cuckow". Edwards based his hand-coloured etching on a specimen that had been shot in [[Gibraltar]] and sent to the English naturalist [[Mark Catesby]] in London.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Edwards | first=George | author-link=George Edwards (naturalist) | year=1747 | title=A Natural History of Uncommon Birds | location=London | publisher=Printed for the author at the College of Physicians | volume=Part II | page=57, Plate 57 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50240723 }}</ref> When in 1758 the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] updated his ''[[Systema Naturae]]'' for the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]], he placed the great spotted cuckoo with the other cuckoos in the [[genus]] ''[[Cuculus]]''. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the [[binomial name]] ''Cuculus glandarius'' and cited Edwards' work.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=111 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727016 }}</ref>  The great spotted cuckoo is now placed in the [[genus]] ''[[Clamator]]'' that was introduced by German naturalist [[Johann Jakob Kaup]] in 1829.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Kaup | first=Johann Jakob | author-link=Johann Jakob Kaup | year=1829 | title=Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und Naturliches System der Europaischen Thierwelt | language=German | place=Darmstadt | publisher=In commission bei Carl Wilhelm Leske | page=53 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41576476 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Turacos, bustards, cuckoos, mesites, sandgrouse | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/turacos/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=7 October 2021}}</ref> The species is [[monotypic]]: no [[subspecies]] are recognised.<ref name=ioc/> The genus name ''Clamator'' is [[Latin]] for "shouter" from ''clamare'', "to shout". The specific epithet ''glandarius'' is Latin meaning "of acorns".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n110 110], [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n173 173]}}</ref>
-[[File:Clamator glandarius MWNH 1216.JPG|left|thumb|Eggs, Collection [[Museum Wiesbaden]]]]
-Unlike the [[common cuckoo]], neither the hen nor the hatched chick of this species evict the host's eggs, but the young magpies often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food. However it has been shown that this species' chicks secrete a repellent scent when predators threaten.  The repellent protects great spotted cuckoo chicks themselves as well as the host's chicks from predators.<ref>[http://www.lne.es/asturias/2014/03/21/cientificos-region-demuestran-cucos-protegen/1559905.html?utm_medium=rss Great Spotted Cuckoo proved to protect invaded nests]. Lne.es (2014-03-21). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref>  [[Carrion crow]]  (''Corvus corone corone'') chicks survive better if a great spotted cuckoo chick shares their nest.  [[Birds of prey]] and [[feral]] [[cat]]s less frequently predate crow's nests that include a great spotted cuckoo chick.  Crow chicks benefit only when predators are very active; when there is less predation, losing food to great spotted cuckoo chicks harms the crow chicks without compensation.<ref>[http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn25262-smelly-cuckoos-protect-hosts-chicks-from-predators.html Smelly cuckoos protect hosts' chicks from predators]. Newscientist.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref><ref>[http://www.livescience.com/44239-cuckoo-birds-are-not-always-parasites.html The Stinky Way Cuckoo Birds Earn Their Keep]. Livescience.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref>
-==Adults==
+==Description==
 This species is slightly larger than the common cuckoo at {{convert|35|–|39|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length, but looks much larger with its broad wings and long narrow tail.  The adult is grey above with a slender body, long tail and strong legs.  It has a grey cap, grey wings, a yellowish face and upper breast, and white underparts. Sexes are similar. The juveniles have blackish upperparts and cap, and chestnut primary wing feathers. This species has a magpie-like flight.
-It is a bird of warm open country with trees. Its food is [[insect]]s, [[spider]]s, small [[reptile]]s and hairy [[caterpillar]]s, which are distasteful to many birds, are a specialty.
+It is a bird of warm open country with trees. It feeds on [[insect]]s, [[spider]]s, small [[reptile]]s and hairy [[caterpillar]]s, which are distasteful to many birds.
 The great spotted cuckoo's call is a loud ''cher-cher-kri-kri'' and variations.
+==Behaviour==
+===Breeding===
+[[File:Clamator glandarius MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.152.2.jpg|right|thumb|''Clamator glandarius'' in a clutch of ''Corvus cornix'' - [[MHNT]]]]
+Unlike the [[common cuckoo]], neither the hen nor the hatched chick of this species evict the host's eggs, but the young magpies often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food. However it has been shown that this species' chicks secrete a repellent scent when predators threaten.  The repellent protects great spotted cuckoo chicks themselves as well as the host's chicks from predators.<ref>[http://www.lne.es/asturias/2014/03/21/cientificos-region-demuestran-cucos-protegen/1559905.html Great Spotted Cuckoo proved to protect invaded nests]. Lne.es (2014-03-21). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref>  [[Carrion crow]]  (''Corvus corone corone'') chicks survive better if a great spotted cuckoo chick shares their nest.  [[Birds of prey]] and [[feral cat]]s less frequently prey on crow's nests that include a great spotted cuckoo chick.  Crow chicks benefit only when predators are very active; when there is less predation, losing food to great spotted cuckoo chicks harms the crow chicks without compensation.<ref>[https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn25262-smelly-cuckoos-protect-hosts-chicks-from-predators.html Smelly cuckoos protect hosts' chicks from predators]. Newscientist.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref><ref>[http://www.livescience.com/44239-cuckoo-birds-are-not-always-parasites.html The Stinky Way Cuckoo Birds Earn Their Keep]. Livescience.com (2014-03-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-06.</ref>
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+==Further reading==
+{{refbegin}}
+*{{ cite journal | last1=Ibáñez-Álamo | first1=J.D. | last2=Rühmann | first2=J. | last3=Pérez-Contreras | first3=T. | last4=Soler | first4=M. | year=2019 | title=Migration behavior and performance of the great spotted cuckoo (''Clamator glandarius'') | journal=PLOS ONE | volume=14 | issue=1 | at=e0208436 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0208436 | pmid=30608941 | pmc=6319774 | bibcode=2019PLoSO..1408436I | doi-access=free }}
+{{refend}}
 ==External links==
-{{commons|Clamator glandarius}}
+{{Commons|Clamator glandarius}}
 * Great spotted cuckoo - [http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/380.pdf Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds].
-*[http://www.oiseaux.net/birds/photos/great.spotted.cuckoo.html Oiseaux] Photographs, text, map {{fr icon}}
+*[http://www.oiseaux.net/birds/photos/great.spotted.cuckoo.html Oiseaux] Photographs, text, map {{in lang|fr}}
 *[http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Clamator_glandarius.html ADW: Clamator glandarius: Information]
-*[http://aulaenred.ibercaja.es/wp-content/uploads/264_GreatspottedcuckooCglandarius.pdf Ageing and sexing (PDF; 1.7 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze]
+*[http://blascozumeta.com/wp-content/uploads/aragon-birds/non-passeriformes/264.greatspottedcuckoo-cglandarius.pdf Ageing and sexing (PDF; 1.7 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze]
+*[https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/grscuc1/cur/introduction Sightings, videos and photos of the species]
-*[http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/ IBC] Nine videos.
 {{Brood parasite}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q665363}}
-[[Category:Clamator]]
-[[Category:Birds of Europe]]
-[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
+[[Category:Clamator|great spotted cuckoo]]
 [[Category:Birds of Africa]]
+[[Category:Birds of Southern Europe]]
+[[Category:Birds of West Asia]]
 [[Category:Brood parasites]]
-[[Category:Migratory birds (Eastern Hemisphere)]]
+[[Category:Birds described in 1758|great spotted cuckoo]]
-[[Category:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus|great spotted cuckoo]]
-[[Category:Animals described in 1758]]