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Coordinates: 40°16′16.5″N 141°18′17.2″E / 40.271250°N 141.304778°E / 40.271250; 141.304778
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name = {{raise|0.2em|Ninohe}}
| name = Ninohe
| native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|ja|二戸市}}}}}}
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|二戸市}}}}
| official_name =
| official_name =
| native_name_lang = ja
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = City
| settlement_type = [[Cities of Japan|City]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline = NinoheCityOffice.jpg
| image_skyline = NinoheCityOffice.jpg
Line 11: Line 11:
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ninohe City Hall
| image_caption = Ninohe City Hall
| image_flag = Flag of Ninohe, Iwate.png{{!}}border
| image_flag = File:Flag of Ninohe, Iwate.svg
| flag_alt =
| flag_alt =
| image_seal = Symbol of Ninohe Iwate.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Ninohe, Iwate.svg
| seal_alt =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| image_shield =
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| image_map = Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture Ja.svg
| image_map = Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Ninohe in [[Iwate Prefecture]]
| map_caption = Location of Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = &nbsp;
| pushpin_map_caption = &nbsp;
| coordinates = {{coord|40|16|16.5|N|141|18|17.2|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| latd=40 | latm=16 | lats=| latNS=N
| longd=141 | longm=18| longs=| longEW= E
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location -->
<!-- location -->
| coordinates_region = JP
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
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| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_party =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = -Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_title1 =
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| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2 = 420.31
| area_total_km2 = 420.42
| area_land_km2 =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
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<!-- population -->
<!-- population -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total = 28452
| population_total = 26344
| population_as_of = February 2014
| population_as_of = March 31, 2020
| population_density_km2 = 67.7
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| pop_est_as_of =
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| area_code =
| area_code =
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = City symbols
| blank_name_sec1 = Phone&nbsp;number
| blank_info_sec1 = &nbsp;
| blank_info_sec1 = 0195-23-3111
| blank1_name_sec1 = • Tree
| blank1_name_sec1 = Address
| blank1_info_sec1 = ''[[Toxicodendron vernicifluum]]''
| blank1_info_sec1 = 47 Fukuoka Kawamata, Ninohe-shi, Iwate-ken 028-6192
| blank2_name_sec1 = • Flower
| blank2_info_sec1 = ''[[Prunus serrulata]]''
| blank3_name_sec1 = • Bird
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Green pheasant]]
| blank4_name_sec1 = • Insect
| blank4_info_sec1 =
| blank5_name_sec1 = • Fish
| blank5_info_sec1 =
| blank6_name_sec1 =
| blank6_info_sec1 =
| blank7_name_sec1 =
| blank7_info_sec1 =
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank_name_sec2 = Phone&nbsp;number
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = 0195-23-3111
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfa]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = Address
| blank1_info_sec2 = 47, Fukuoka Aza Kawamata, Ninohe-shi, Iwate-ken 028-6192
<!-- website, footnotes -->
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = {{Official website|http://www.city.ninohe.iwate.jp/}}
| website = {{Official|http://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| tree = ''[[Toxicodendron vernicifluum|Urushi]]''
| flower = ''[[Prunus serrulata|Yamazakura]]''
| bird = [[Green pheasant]]
| flowering_tree =
| butterfly =
| fish =
| other_symbols =
}}
}}
}}
[[File:Ninohe-city.jpg|thumb|270px|right|Skyline of Ninohe]]
[[File:Ninohe-city.jpg|thumb|270px|right|Skyline of Ninohe]]

{{nihongo|'''Ninohe'''|二戸市|Ninohe-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Iwate Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. As of February 2014, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 28,452 and a [[population density]] of 67.7 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area was 420.31 &nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.
{{Nihongo|'''Ninohe'''|二戸市|Ninohe-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Iwate Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2020|03|31}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 26,344, and a [[population density]] of 63 persons per km<sup>2</sup> in 11,803 households.<ref>[https://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/ City of Ninohe official statistics]</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|420.42|sqkm|sqmi}}.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Ninohe is located in far north-center Iwate Prefecture, bordered by [[Aomori Prefecture]] to the north.
Ninohe is located in far north-center Iwate Prefecture, bordered by [[Aomori Prefecture]] to the north. The northern end of the [[Kitakami Mountains]], the 852.2 meter Mount Oritsume is in Ninohe. Approximately 70% of the city area is mountainous and forested. The upper reaches of the [[Mabechi River]] flows through the city. A portion of the city is within the borders of the [[Oritsume Basenkyō Prefectural Natural Park]].

==Climate==
The average temperature is 9.8°[[Celsius|C]] in 'old' Ninohe and 9.9°[[Celsius|C]] in the area that was Jōbōji. The annual rainfall in Ninohe and Jōbōji is 1,011&nbsp;mm and 785&nbsp;mm, respectively.


===Neighboring municipalities===
===Neighboring municipalities===
*Aomori Prefecture
Aomori Prefecture
**[[Nanbu, Aomori]]
*[[Nanbu, Aomori|Nanbu]]
**[[Sannohe, Aomori]]
*[[Sannohe, Aomori|Sannohe]]
**[[Takko, Aomori]]
*[[Takko, Aomori|Takko]]
*Iwate Prefecture
Iwate Prefecture
**[[Hachimantai, Iwate]]
*[[Hachimantai, Iwate|Hachimantai]]
**[[Kunohe, Iwate]]
*[[Ichinohe, Iwate|Ichinohe]]
**[[Karumai, Iwate]]
*[[Karumai, Iwate|Karumai]]
**[[Ichinohe, Iwate]]
*[[Kunohe, Iwate|Kunohe]]

===Climate===
Ninohe has a [[humid continental climate]] (Köppen ''Dfb'') characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Ninohe is 9.7&nbsp;°C. The average annual rainfall is 1248&nbsp;mm with September as the wettest month and February as the driest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.0&nbsp;°C, and lowest in January, at around -2.4&nbsp;°C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/location/5526/ Ninohe climate data]</ref>
{{Weather box
|collapsed = Y
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|location = Ninohe, Iwate (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present)
|Jan high C = 1.7
|Feb high C = 2.7
|Mar high C = 7.1
|Apr high C = 14.2
|May high C = 20.3
|Jun high C = 23.6
|Jul high C = 26.6
|Aug high C = 27.7
|Sep high C = 23.9
|Oct high C = 17.8
|Nov high C = 11.1
|Dec high C = 4.3
|Jan mean C = -2.3
|Feb mean C = -1.6
|Mar mean C = 2.0
|Apr mean C = 8.1
|May mean C = 13.9
|Jun mean C = 17.7
|Jul mean C = 21.5
|Aug mean C = 22.5
|Sep mean C = 18.4
|Oct mean C = 11.7
|Nov mean C = 5.7
|Dec mean C = 0.2
|Jan low C = -6.6
|Feb low C = -6.4
|Mar low C = -3.1
|Apr low C = 1.8
|May low C = 7.7
|Jun low C = 12.6
|Jul low C = 17.4
|Aug low C = 18.3
|Sep low C = 13.8
|Oct low C = 6.4
|Nov low C = 0.6
|Dec low C = -3.8
|Jan record high C = 14.4
|Feb record high C = 16.0
|Mar record high C = 21.2
|Apr record high C = 30.5
|May record high C = 33.8
|Jun record high C = 34.5
|Jul record high C = 35.5
|Aug record high C = 35.8
|Sep record high C = 34.0
|Oct record high C = 28.1
|Nov record high C = 23.2
|Dec record high C = 18.7
|year record high C= 35.8
|Jan record low C = -17.0
|Feb record low C = -18.2
|Mar record low C = -15.9
|Apr record low C = -8.4
|May record low C = -1.6
|Jun record low C = 2.3
|Jul record low C = 8.3
|Aug record low C = 8.6
|Sep record low C = 1.2
|Oct record low C = -2.2
|Nov record low C = -9.5
|Dec record low C = -14.8
|year record low C= -18.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 39.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 39.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 52.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 55.3
|May precipitation mm = 74.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 87.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 159.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 154.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 144.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 104.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 64.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 59.7
|year precipitation mm= 1033.9
|Jan rain days = 9.3
|Feb rain days = 9.2
|Mar rain days = 10.1
|Apr rain days = 10.0
|May rain days = 9.8
|Jun rain days = 9.5
|Jul rain days = 11.5
|Aug rain days = 11.2
|Sep rain days = 11.2
|Oct rain days = 10.3
|Nov rain days = 11.3
|Dec rain days = 10.8
|Jan snow cm = 93
|Feb snow cm = 93
|Mar snow cm = 41
|Apr snow cm = 1
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm = 1
|Dec snow cm = 49
|year snow cm= 280
|Jan snow days = 12.0
|Feb snow days = 11.9
|Mar snow days = 4.5
|Apr snow days = 0.1
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.1
|Dec snow days = 5.7
|Jan sun = 98.9
|Feb sun = 111.4
|Mar sun = 156.8
|Apr sun = 181.8
|May sun = 198.8
|Jun sun = 173.1
|Jul sun = 143.5
|Aug sun = 160.6
|Sep sun = 146.2
|Oct sun = 148.2
|Nov sun = 117.6
|Dec sun = 96.5
|year sun= 1733.4
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=33&block_no=0207&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = February 19, 2022}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=33&block_no=0207&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = February 19, 2022}}</ref>}}

==Demographics==
Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/Japan-Iwate.html Ninohe population statistics]</ref> the population of Ninohe peaked around the year 1960 and has steadily declined over the past 60 years.
{{Historical populations
| 1920 | 27,217
| 1930 | 30,054
| 1940 | 33,415
| 1950 | 40,573
| 1960 | 40,644
| 1970 | 38,289
| 1980 | 37,537
| 1990 | 35,017
| 2000 | 33,102
| 2010 | 29,818
| 2020 | 25,513
|align = none
| footnote =
}}


==History==
==History==
The area of present-day Ninohe was part of ancient [[Mutsu Province]], and has been settled since at least the [[Jomon period]]. During the [[Sengoku period]], the area was dominated by various [[samurai]] clans before coming under the control of the [[Nambu clan]] during the [[Edo period]], who ruled [[Hachinohe Domain]] under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]].
The area of present-day Ninohe was part of ancient [[Mutsu Province]], and has been settled since at least the [[Jōmon period]]. Many Jōmon and [[Kofun period]] remains have been found. Inhabited by the [[Emishi]] tribes, the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' describes the penetration of the area by forces of the [[Imperial House of Japan|imperial dynasty]] in the late [[Nara period]]; however, it was not under effective control of the central government until the mid-[[Heian period]]. The area was dominated by the [[Nanbu clan]] from the early [[Muromachi period]], and was named for one of the nine numbered stockades, or fortified ranches, that established to secure this frontier area. During the [[Edo period]], the area was under the control of [[Morioka Domain]].


The town of Fukuoka and the villages of Jōbōji, Kindaichi, Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai were established within Ninohe District on April 1, 1889. Jōbōji was elevated to town status on December 25, 1940. Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai merged with Fukuoka on March 10, 1955. The modern city was founded on April 1, 1972 with the merger of the town of Fukuoka with the village of Kindaichi. On January 1, 2006, the city of Ninohe annexed the town of Jōbōji.
In the early [[Meiji period]], the town of Fukuoka and the villages of Jōbōji, Kindaichi, Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai were established within Ninohe District on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Jōbōji was elevated to town status on December 25, 1940. Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai merged with Fukuoka on March 10, 1955. The modern city was founded on April 1, 1972, with the merger of the town of Fukuoka with the village of Kindaichi. On January 1, 2006, the city of Ninohe annexed the town of Jōbōji.

==Government==
Ninohe has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 18 members.　Ninohe, and the town of [[Ichinohe, Iwate|Ichinohe]] contribute two seats to the Iwate Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of [[Iwate 2nd district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].


==Economy==
==Economy==
The local economy is based on agriculture.
The local economy of Ninohe is based on agriculture and food processing. Local produce include apples, dairy products and hops.


==Transportation==
==Education==
Ninohe has eight public elementary schools and four middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Iwate Prefectural Board of Education. There is also a prefectural vocational school, and a special education school for the handicapped operated by the prefectural government.


==Transportation==
===Railway===
===Railway===
*[[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) – [[Tōhoku Shinkansen]]
[[File:JR logo (east).svg|22px]] [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) - [[Tōhoku Shinkansen]]
** {{ja-stalink|Ninohe}}
*{{STN|Ninohe}}
*[[Iwate Ginga Railway Line]]
[[File:Igrail.svg|20px]] [[Iwate Ginga Railway Line]]
** [[Ninohe Station|Ninohe]] - [[Tomai Station|Tomai]] - [[Kintaichi-Onsen Station|Kintaichi-Onsen]]
*{{STN|Ninohe}} - {{STN|Tomai}} - {{STN|Kintaichi-Onsen}}


===Highway===
===Highway===
*[[Hachinohe Expressway]] – Jōbōji IC
* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E4A|dab1=H}} – Jōbōji IC
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|4}}
*[[Japan National Route 4]]
*[[Japan National Route 395]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|395}}


==Local attractions==
==Local attractions==
* Site of Kunohe Castle, a [[List of Historic Sites of Japan (Iwate)|National Historic Site]] <ref>[http://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/maindetails.asp Agency for Cultural Affairs]</ref>
* [[Basenkyo]] ravine on the [[Mabechi River]], a National Place of Scenic Beauty.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/192722 |title=男神岩・女神岩・鳥越山 |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>
* [[Kindaichi Onsen]] is a popular hot spring resort in the town.
* [[Kindaichi Onsen]], a popular [[onsen|hot spring resort]]
* Site of [[Kunohe Castle]], a [[Historic Sites of Japan|National Historic Site]]<ref name= "Bunka">{{cite web|url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/171335|title=九戸城跡 くのへじょうあと|work=Cultural Heritage Online|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs|language=ja|access-date=25 December 2016}}</ref>
* Tendai-ji temple, founded in the [[Nara period]]
* Tendai-ji temple, founded in the Nara period


==Noted people from Ninohe==
==Noted people from Ninohe==
*[[Tanakadate Aikitsu]], scientist <ref name=noiibio>[http://www.noii.jp/com/aikitu/english.html Dr. Aikitu Tanakadate: World-Renowned Geophysicist and Seismologist] by Satio Tanno (President, Aikitu Tanakadate Society). August 31, 1995</ref>
*[[Tanakadate Aikitsu]] – scientist
*[[Katsuhiko Kashiwazaki]] – judoka
*[[Tochinohana Hitoshi]] – sumo wrestler


==References==
==References==
Line 172: Line 328:


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Commons category-inline}}
* {{Official website|http://www.city.ninohe.iwate.jp/}} {{ja icon}}
*[http://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}}


{{Iwate}}
{{Iwate}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ninohe, Iwate| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Iwate Prefecture]]
[[Category:Cities in Iwate Prefecture]]

Latest revision as of 16:13, 7 October 2024

Ninohe
二戸市
City
Ninohe City Hall
Ninohe City Hall
Flag of Ninohe
Flag
Official seal of Ninohe
Seal
Location of Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture
Location of Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture
Ninohe is located in Japan
Ninohe
Ninohe
 
Coordinates: 40°16′16.5″N 141°18′17.2″E / 40.271250°N 141.304778°E / 40.271250; 141.304778
CountryJapan
RegionTōhoku
PrefectureIwate
Area
 • Total420.42 km2 (162.33 sq mi)
Population
 (March 31, 2020)
 • Total26,344
 • Density63/km2 (160/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Phone number0195-23-3111
Address47 Fukuoka Kawamata, Ninohe-shi, Iwate-ken 028-6192
ClimateDfa
WebsiteOfficial website
Symbols
BirdGreen pheasant
FlowerYamazakura
TreeUrushi
Skyline of Ninohe

Ninohe (二戸市, Ninohe-shi) is a city located in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2020, the city had an estimated population of 26,344, and a population density of 63 persons per km2 in 11,803 households.[1] The total area of the city is 420.42 square kilometres (162.33 sq mi).

Geography

[edit]

Ninohe is located in far north-center Iwate Prefecture, bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north. The northern end of the Kitakami Mountains, the 852.2 meter Mount Oritsume is in Ninohe. Approximately 70% of the city area is mountainous and forested. The upper reaches of the Mabechi River flows through the city. A portion of the city is within the borders of the Oritsume Basenkyō Prefectural Natural Park.

Neighboring municipalities

[edit]

Aomori Prefecture

Iwate Prefecture

Climate

[edit]

Ninohe has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Ninohe is 9.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1248 mm with September as the wettest month and February as the driest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around -2.4 °C.[2]

Climate data for Ninohe, Iwate (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.4
(57.9) 		16.0
(60.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		30.5
(86.9) 		33.8
(92.8) 		34.5
(94.1) 		35.5
(95.9) 		35.8
(96.4) 		34.0
(93.2) 		28.1
(82.6) 		23.2
(73.8) 		18.7
(65.7) 		35.8
(96.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1) 		2.7
(36.9) 		7.1
(44.8) 		14.2
(57.6) 		20.3
(68.5) 		23.6
(74.5) 		26.6
(79.9) 		27.7
(81.9) 		23.9
(75.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		4.3
(39.7) 		15.1
(59.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.3
(27.9) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		2.0
(35.6) 		8.1
(46.6) 		13.9
(57.0) 		17.7
(63.9) 		21.5
(70.7) 		22.5
(72.5) 		18.4
(65.1) 		11.7
(53.1) 		5.7
(42.3) 		0.2
(32.4) 		9.8
(49.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −6.6
(20.1) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		1.8
(35.2) 		7.7
(45.9) 		12.6
(54.7) 		17.4
(63.3) 		18.3
(64.9) 		13.8
(56.8) 		6.4
(43.5) 		0.6
(33.1) 		−3.8
(25.2) 		4.9
(40.8)
Record low °C (°F) −17.0
(1.4) 		−18.2
(−0.8) 		−15.9
(3.4) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		2.3
(36.1) 		8.3
(46.9) 		8.6
(47.5) 		1.2
(34.2) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−14.8
(5.4) 		−18.2
(−0.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 39.8
(1.57) 		39.4
(1.55) 		52.8
(2.08) 		55.3
(2.18) 		74.9
(2.95) 		87.0
(3.43) 		159.6
(6.28) 		154.0
(6.06) 		144.3
(5.68) 		104.6
(4.12) 		64.3
(2.53) 		59.7
(2.35) 		1,033.9
(40.70)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 93
(37) 		93
(37) 		41
(16) 		1
(0.4) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.4) 		49
(19) 		280
(110)
Average rainy days 9.3 9.2 10.1 10.0 9.8 9.5 11.5 11.2 11.2 10.3 11.3 10.8 124.2
Average snowy days 12.0 11.9 4.5 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 5.7 34.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 98.9 111.4 156.8 181.8 198.8 173.1 143.5 160.6 146.2 148.2 117.6 96.5 1,733.4
Source 1: JMA[3]
Source 2: JMA[4]

Demographics

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Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Ninohe peaked around the year 1960 and has steadily declined over the past 60 years.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1920 27,217—    
1930 30,054+10.4%
1940 33,415+11.2%
1950 40,573+21.4%
1960 40,644+0.2%
1970 38,289−5.8%
1980 37,537−2.0%
1990 35,017−6.7%
2000 33,102−5.5%
2010 29,818−9.9%
2020 25,513−14.4%

History

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The area of present-day Ninohe was part of ancient Mutsu Province, and has been settled since at least the Jōmon period. Many Jōmon and Kofun period remains have been found. Inhabited by the Emishi tribes, the Nihon Shoki describes the penetration of the area by forces of the imperial dynasty in the late Nara period; however, it was not under effective control of the central government until the mid-Heian period. The area was dominated by the Nanbu clan from the early Muromachi period, and was named for one of the nine numbered stockades, or fortified ranches, that established to secure this frontier area. During the Edo period, the area was under the control of Morioka Domain.

In the early Meiji period, the town of Fukuoka and the villages of Jōbōji, Kindaichi, Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai were established within Ninohe District on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Jōbōji was elevated to town status on December 25, 1940. Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai merged with Fukuoka on March 10, 1955. The modern city was founded on April 1, 1972, with the merger of the town of Fukuoka with the village of Kindaichi. On January 1, 2006, the city of Ninohe annexed the town of Jōbōji.

Government

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Ninohe has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 18 members.　Ninohe, and the town of Ichinohe contribute two seats to the Iwate Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Iwate 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

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The local economy of Ninohe is based on agriculture and food processing. Local produce include apples, dairy products and hops.

Education

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Ninohe has eight public elementary schools and four middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Iwate Prefectural Board of Education. There is also a prefectural vocational school, and a special education school for the handicapped operated by the prefectural government.

Transportation

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Railway

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East Japan Railway Company (JR East) - Tōhoku Shinkansen

Iwate Ginga Railway Line

Highway

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Local attractions

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Noted people from Ninohe

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References

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  1. ^ City of Ninohe official statistics
  2. ^ Ninohe climate data
  3. ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  4. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  5. ^ Ninohe population statistics
  6. ^ "男神岩・女神岩・鳥越山". Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  7. ^ "九戸城跡 くのへじょうあと". Cultural Heritage Online (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  8. ^ Dr. Aikitu Tanakadate: World-Renowned Geophysicist and Seismologist by Satio Tanno (President, Aikitu Tanakadate Society). August 31, 1995
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