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Coordinates: 49°34′12″N 10°52′55″E / 49.57000°N 10.88194°E / 49.57000; 10.88194
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|name = Herzogenaurach
|name = Herzogenaurach
|image_photo = Herzogenaurach Luftaufnahme (2020).jpg
|image_photo = Herzogenaurach Luftaufnahme (2020).jpg
|image_caption = Aerial view
|image_caption = Aerial view of Herzogenaurach in 2020
|image_coa = Wappen von Herzogenaurach.svg
|image_coa = Wappen von Herzogenaurach.svg
|coordinates = {{Coord|49|34|12|N|10|52|55|E|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{Coord|49|34|12|N|10|52|55|E|display=inline,title}}
Line 18: Line 18:
|divisions = 12 districts
|divisions = 12 districts
|website = [https://www.herzogenaurach.de/ www.herzogenaurach.de]
|website = [https://www.herzogenaurach.de/ www.herzogenaurach.de]
|mayor = German Hacker<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630025145/https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ |date=2021-06-30 }}, [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref>
|mayor = {{ill|German Hacker|de}}<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630025145/https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ |date=2021-06-30 }}, [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref>
|leader_term = 2020&ndash;26
|leader_term = 2020&ndash;26
|party = SPD
|party = SPD
}}
}}
[[File:Herzogenaurach - Adidas - 2016.jpg|thumb|Adidas factory outlet in Herzogenaurach]]
[[File:Herzogenaurach - Adidas - 2016.jpg|thumb|The [[Adidas]] factory outlet in Herzogenaurach]]
[[File:PUMAVision Headquarters Herzogenaurach.jpg|thumb|PUMAVision Headquarters in Herzogenaurach]]
[[File:PUMAVision Headquarters Herzogenaurach.jpg|thumb|PUMAVision, the headquarters of [[Puma (brand)|Puma]] in Herzogenaurach]]


'''Herzogenaurach''' ({{IPA-de|hɛʁtsoːɡn̩ˈʔaʊʁax|lang|De-Herzogenaurach.ogg}}; {{lang-vmf|Herziaura}}) is a town in the [[districts of Germany|district]] of [[Erlangen-Höchstadt]], in [[Bavaria]], Germany. It is home to twoe major international sporting goods companies [[Adidas]] and [[Puma (brand)|Puma]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dw.de/the-town-that-sibling-rivalry-built-and-divided/a-2074427 |title=The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided &#124; Business &#124; DW.DE &#124; 03.07.2006 |publisher=Dw.de |access-date=2015-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hagler |first=Tom |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/5055542.stm |title=Europe &#124; German feud inspires boots town |work=[[BBC News Online]] |date=2006-06-07 |access-date=2015-05-29}}</ref> and [[Schaeffler Group]], a car parts manufacturer.
'''Herzogenaurach''' ({{IPA|de|hɛʁt͡soːɡn̩ˈʔaʊʁax|lang|De-Herzogenaurach.ogg}}; {{langx|vmf|Herziaura}}) is a town in the [[districts of Germany|district]] of [[Erlangen-Höchstadt]], in [[Bavaria]], Germany. It is home to two major international sporting goods companies, [[Adidas]] and [[Puma (brand)|Puma]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dw.de/the-town-that-sibling-rivalry-built-and-divided/a-2074427 |title=The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided &#124; Business &#124; DW.DE &#124; 03.07.2006 |publisher=Dw.de |access-date=2015-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hagler |first=Tom |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/5055542.stm |title=Europe &#124; German feud inspires boots town |work=[[BBC News Online]] |date=2006-06-07 |access-date=2015-05-29}}</ref> and [[Schaeffler Group]], a car parts manufacturer.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Line 32: Line 32:
==History==
==History==
Herzogenaurach was first mentioned in a document from 1002 under the name of ''Uraha'' when Holy Roman Emperor [[Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry II]] granted the town to the [[Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg]].
Herzogenaurach was first mentioned in a document from 1002 under the name of ''Uraha'' when Holy Roman Emperor [[Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry II]] granted the town to the [[Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg]].

In 1948, when Adolf Dassler and Rudolf Dassler left their shoe company to make their own, the town was called "the town of bent necks"—people looked down to see which shoes strangers wore.


==Economy==
==Economy==
⚫
[[File:Schaeffler stammsitz herzogenaurach.jpg|thumb|The corporate headquarters of [[Schaeffler Group]] in Herzogenaurach]]
Herzogenaurach has gained global fame as the birthplace of two giant sporting goods companies: [[Adidas]] and [[Puma SE|Puma]], each founded respectively by brothers [[Adolf Dassler]] and [[Rudolf Dassler]], after an acrimonious familial split in 1948. Operating since the 1960s,<ref>{{cite news |first1=Ian |last1=O'Riordan |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/lost-letter-from-adi-dassler-casts-light-on-the-original-arms-race-in-running-shoes-1.4129842?mode=amp |title=Lost letter from Adi Dassler casts light on the original arms race in running shoes |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |date=January 3, 2020 |access-date=May 13, 2021}}</ref> both companies' headquarters are still located in the town, originally on opposite sides of the Aurach River, and brand loyalty was sharply divided as well. For many years, Adidas and Puma workers would not associate with each other, and even when Adolf and Rudi died, they were buried in opposite ends of the town's cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |last=Hall |first=Allan |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/6216728/Adidas-and-Puma-bury-the-hatchet-after-60-years-of-brothers-feud-after-football-match.html |title=Adidas and Puma bury the hatchet after 60 years of brothers' feud after football match |publisher=Telegraph |date=2009-09-22 |access-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> These differences have cleared up over the years.
Herzogenaurach has gained global fame as the birthplace of two giant sporting goods companies: [[Adidas]] and [[Puma SE|Puma]], each founded respectively by brothers [[Adolf Dassler]] and [[Rudolf Dassler]], after an acrimonious familial split in 1948. Operating since the 1960s,<ref>{{cite news |first1=Ian |last1=O'Riordan |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/lost-letter-from-adi-dassler-casts-light-on-the-original-arms-race-in-running-shoes-1.4129842?mode=amp |title=Lost letter from Adi Dassler casts light on the original arms race in running shoes |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |date=January 3, 2020 |access-date=May 13, 2021}}</ref> both companies' headquarters are still located in the town, originally on opposite sides of the Aurach River, and brand loyalty was sharply divided as well. For many years, Adidas and Puma workers would not associate with each other, and even when Adolf and Rudi died, they were buried in opposite ends of the town's cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |last=Hall |first=Allan |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/6216728/Adidas-and-Puma-bury-the-hatchet-after-60-years-of-brothers-feud-after-football-match.html |title=Adidas and Puma bury the hatchet after 60 years of brothers' feud after football match |publisher=Telegraph |date=2009-09-22 |access-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> These differences have cleared up over the years.


Also the headquarters of [[Schaeffler Group]] are located in Herzogenaurach.
The headquarters of [[Schaeffler Group]], a manufacturer of car parts, is also located in Herzogenaurach.
⚫
[[File:Schaeffler stammsitz herzogenaurach.jpg|thumb|Schaeffler's corporate headquarters in Herzogenaurach]]


==Sport==
==Sport==
In keeping with the traditional social divide between supporters of Adolf Dassler and of Rudolf Dassler, the town's two football clubs were divided by the [[Adidas]]/[[Puma (brand)|Puma]] split: [[ASV Herzogenaurach]] was supported by Adidas, while [[FC Herzogenaurach]] endorsed Puma's footwear.<ref name=DW>{{cite web |last=James |first=Kyle |url=http://www.dw.de/the-town-that-sibling-rivalry-built-and-divided/a-2074427 |title=The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided |work=Deutsche Welle |date=3 July 2006}}</ref> Both clubs still play at amateur level.
In keeping with the traditional social divide between supporters of Adolf Dassler and of Rudolf Dassler, the town's two football clubs were divided by the [[Adidas]]/[[Puma (brand)|Puma]] split: [[ASV Herzogenaurach]] was supported by Adidas, while [[FC Herzogenaurach]] endorsed Puma's footwear.<ref name=DW>{{cite web |last=James |first=Kyle |url=http://www.dw.de/the-town-that-sibling-rivalry-built-and-divided/a-2074427 |title=The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided |work=Deutsche Welle |date=3 July 2006}}</ref> Both clubs still play at the amateur level.


The [[Argentina national football team]] were based in Herzogenaurach for the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]].
The [[Argentina national football team]] was based in Herzogenaurach for the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]].


[[:es:Néstor de la Torre Menchaca|Néstor De la Torre]], [[Mexico]]'s Director of National Teams, said the [[Mexico national football team]] ({{lang-es|Selección de fútbol de México}}) would gather for 12 days in the city, its last stop before heading to South Africa for the 2010 World Cup.
[[:es:Néstor de la Torre Menchaca|Néstor De la Torre]], [[Mexico]]'s Director of National Teams, said the [[Mexico national football team]] ({{langx|es|Selección de fútbol de México}}) would gather for 12 days in the city, its last stop before heading to South Africa for the 2010 World Cup.

The [[Germany national football team|German national football team]] stayed at the Adidas Home Ground, both in preparation for the European Championship in 2021 and during the [[UEFA European Championship|European Championship in 2024.]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=UEFA.com |date=2024-06-07 |title=UEFA EURO 2024: Where will the teams be based? {{!}} UEFA EURO 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028a-1a157427e61a-b0fd19431c40-1000--uefa-euro-2024-where-will-the-teams-be-based/ |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=UEFA.com |language=en}}</ref>


==Herzo Base==
==Herzo Base==
[[File:Airport Herzogenaurach.JPG|thumb|right|Herzogenaurach Airfield]]
[[File:Airport Herzogenaurach.JPG|thumb|Herzogenaurach Airfield]]
Herzogenaurach was the location of a military airfield beginning in the 1930s. The airfield was originally designed as an airfield by a French architect and constructed by the {{lang|de|Deutsche Luftwaffe|italic=no}} (Air Force), named {{lang|de|Deutsche Fliegerschule|italic=no}} (German pilot school). Initially, the post was limited in its use as a Hitler youth training school due to limitations imposed by the [[Versailles Treaty]] after [[World War I]].
Herzogenaurach was the location of a military airfield beginning in the 1930s. The airfield was originally designed as an airfield by a French architect and constructed by the {{lang|de|Deutsche Luftwaffe|italic=no}} (Air Force), named {{lang|de|Deutsche Fliegerschule|italic=no}} (German pilot school). Initially, the post was limited in its use as a Hitler youth training school due to limitations imposed by the [[Versailles Treaty]] after [[World War I]].


However, fighter pilots soon began training in civilian clothing. In March 1936, the [[Luftwaffe]] took official control. The airfield was mainly used as a fuelling point for aircraft providing air cover for troops during the invasion of [[Austria]] and [[Czechoslovakia]]. In early September of each year, planes took off from the airfield to fly over the annual Nazi party rally ({{lang|de|Reichsparteitag}}) staged at {{lang|de|Zeppelinwiese|italic=no}} (Zeppelin Field) in [[Nuremberg]].
However, fighter pilots soon began training in civilian clothing. In March 1936, the [[Luftwaffe]] took official control. The airfield was mainly used as a fuelling point for aircraft providing air cover for troops during the invasion of [[Austria]] and [[Czechoslovakia]]. In early September of each year, planes took off from the airfield to fly over the annual Nazi party rally ({{lang|de|Reichsparteitag}}) staged at {{lang|de|Zeppelinwiese|italic=no}} (Zeppelin Field) in [[Nuremberg]].


During the [[Western Allied invasion of Germany]] in April 1945, the [[United States Third Army]] seized the airfield. It was designated as [[Advanced Landing Ground|ALG R-29]]. It was first occupied by a transportation unit followed by the [[USAAF]] [[354th Fighter Wing|354th Fighter Group]] in May. In May 1946, the 2nd Radio Corps took over the installation and renamed it "Herzo Base". In 1947 the base was occupied by the [[U.S. Army Security Agency]] up until 1971, when it was replaced by the 210th Field Artillery Group (re-designated as the [[210th Fires Brigade (United States)|210th Field Artillery Brigade]] on 16 September 1980) which occupied Herzo Base until 1992. Herzo Base was included in the base closure plan. On 4 August 1992, the installation was officially returned to the German Government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9966 |title=354 Operations Group Fact Sheet, USAFHRA |publisher=Afhra.af.mil |access-date=2012-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104172433/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9966 |archive-date=2013-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Larry Belmont |url=http://www.skylighters.org/history/airfields |title=USAAF Airfields in the ETO |publisher=Skylighters.org |access-date=2012-11-04}}</ref><ref>[http://www.eucmh.com/2008/08/10/aaf-airfields-fr-be-nl-lu-deprocessing AAF Airfields in France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106021147/http://www.eucmh.com/2008/08/10/aaf-airfields-fr-be-nl-lu-deprocessing |date=January 6, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbg-mil-com.de/Herzo/he.html |title=Nuremberg Military Community history page |publisher=Nbg-mil-com.de |access-date=2012-11-04}}</ref> It has since served as a civilian recreational airfield,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flugplatz-herzogenaurach.de |title=EDQH: Home |publisher=Flugplatz-herzogenaurach.de |access-date=2012-11-04}}</ref> with [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]] code <code>EDQH</code>.
During the [[Western Allied invasion of Germany]] in April 1945, the [[United States Third Army]] seized the airfield. It was designated as [[Advanced Landing Ground|ALG R-29]]. It was first occupied by a transportation unit followed by the [[USAAF]] [[354th Fighter Wing|354th Fighter Group]] in May. In May 1946, the 2nd Radio Corps took over the installation and renamed it "Herzo Base". In 1947 the base was occupied by the [[U.S. Army Security Agency]] up until 1971, when it was replaced by the 210th Field Artillery Group (re-designated as the [[210th Fires Brigade (United States)|210th Field Artillery Brigade]] on 16 September 1980) which occupied Herzo Base until 1992. Herzo Base was included in the base closure plan. On 4 August 1992, the installation was officially returned to the German Government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9966 |title=354 Operations Group Fact Sheet, USAFHRA |publisher=Afhra.af.mil |access-date=2012-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104172433/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9966 |archive-date=2013-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Larry Belmont |url=http://www.skylighters.org/history/airfields |title=USAAF Airfields in the ETO |publisher=Skylighters.org |access-date=2012-11-04 |archive-date=2008-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204033026/http://www.skylighters.org/history/airfields/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.eucmh.com/2008/08/10/aaf-airfields-fr-be-nl-lu-deprocessing AAF Airfields in France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106021147/http://www.eucmh.com/2008/08/10/aaf-airfields-fr-be-nl-lu-deprocessing |date=January 6, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbg-mil-com.de/Herzo/he.html |title=Nuremberg Military Community history page |publisher=Nbg-mil-com.de |access-date=2012-11-04}}</ref> It has since served as a civilian recreational airfield,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flugplatz-herzogenaurach.de |title=EDQH: Home |publisher=Flugplatz-herzogenaurach.de |access-date=2012-11-04}}</ref> with [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]] code <code>EDQH</code>.


==International relations==
==International relations==
Line 74: Line 78:


{{Cities and towns in Erlangen-Höchstadt (district)}}
{{Cities and towns in Erlangen-Höchstadt (district)}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Latest revision as of 15:49, 19 October 2024

Herzogenaurach
Town
Aerial view of Herzogenaurach in 2020
Aerial view of Herzogenaurach in 2020
Coat of arms of Herzogenaurach
Coat of arms
Location of Herzogenaurach within Erlangen-Höchstadt district
Birkach (unincorporated area)Neunhofer ForstMark (unincorporated area)Kraftshofer ForstKalchreuther ForstGeschaidtForst TennenloheErlenstegener ForstBuckenhofer ForstNurembergNurembergNürnberger LandFürthNeustadt (Aisch)-Bad WindsheimFürth (district)ErlangenAnsbach (district)Bamberg (district)Bamberg (district)Forchheim (district)BuckenhofAurachtalEckentalHeroldsbergKalchreuthLonnerstadtMöhrendorfMühlhausenOberreichenbachSpardorfUttenreuthVestenbergsgreuthWeisendorfWachenrothRöttenbachMarloffsteinHöchstadtHeßdorfHerzogenaurachHemhofenGroßenseebachGremsdorfBubenreuthBaiersdorfAdelsdorfDormitzer Forst
Herzogenaurach is located in Germany
Herzogenaurach
Herzogenaurach
Herzogenaurach is located in Bavaria
Herzogenaurach
Herzogenaurach
Coordinates: 49°34′12″N 10°52′55″E / 49.57000°N 10.88194°E / 49.57000; 10.88194
CountryGermany
StateBavaria
Admin. regionMittelfranken
DistrictErlangen-Höchstadt
Subdivisions12 districts
Government
 • Mayor (2020–26) German Hacker [de][1] (SPD)
Area
 • Total47.60 km2 (18.38 sq mi)
Elevation
301 m (988 ft)
Population
 (2023-12-31)[2]
 • Total24,674
 • Density520/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
91074
Dialling codes09132
Vehicle registrationERH
Websitewww.herzogenaurach.de
The Adidas factory outlet in Herzogenaurach
PUMAVision, the headquarters of Puma in Herzogenaurach

Herzogenaurach (German: [hɛʁt͡soːɡn̩ˈʔaʊʁax] ⓘ; Mainfränkisch: Herziaura) is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt, in Bavaria, Germany. It is home to two major international sporting goods companies, Adidas and Puma,[3][4] and Schaeffler Group, a car parts manufacturer.

Geography

[edit]

Herzogenaurach is situated in the Middle Franconia area of Bavaria, 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Nuremberg. The town is located on the Aurach river, a tributary of the Regnitz river.

History

[edit]

Herzogenaurach was first mentioned in a document from 1002 under the name of Uraha when Holy Roman Emperor Henry II granted the town to the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg.

In 1948, when Adolf Dassler and Rudolf Dassler left their shoe company to make their own, the town was called "the town of bent necks"—people looked down to see which shoes strangers wore.

Economy

[edit]
The corporate headquarters of Schaeffler Group in Herzogenaurach

Herzogenaurach has gained global fame as the birthplace of two giant sporting goods companies: Adidas and Puma, each founded respectively by brothers Adolf Dassler and Rudolf Dassler, after an acrimonious familial split in 1948. Operating since the 1960s,[5] both companies' headquarters are still located in the town, originally on opposite sides of the Aurach River, and brand loyalty was sharply divided as well. For many years, Adidas and Puma workers would not associate with each other, and even when Adolf and Rudi died, they were buried in opposite ends of the town's cemetery.[6] These differences have cleared up over the years.

The headquarters of Schaeffler Group, a manufacturer of car parts, is also located in Herzogenaurach.

Sport

[edit]

In keeping with the traditional social divide between supporters of Adolf Dassler and of Rudolf Dassler, the town's two football clubs were divided by the Adidas/Puma split: ASV Herzogenaurach was supported by Adidas, while FC Herzogenaurach endorsed Puma's footwear.[7] Both clubs still play at the amateur level.

The Argentina national football team was based in Herzogenaurach for the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

Néstor De la Torre, Mexico's Director of National Teams, said the Mexico national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de México) would gather for 12 days in the city, its last stop before heading to South Africa for the 2010 World Cup.

The German national football team stayed at the Adidas Home Ground, both in preparation for the European Championship in 2021 and during the European Championship in 2024.[8]

Herzo Base

[edit]
Herzogenaurach Airfield

Herzogenaurach was the location of a military airfield beginning in the 1930s. The airfield was originally designed as an airfield by a French architect and constructed by the Deutsche Luftwaffe (Air Force), named Deutsche Fliegerschule (German pilot school). Initially, the post was limited in its use as a Hitler youth training school due to limitations imposed by the Versailles Treaty after World War I.

However, fighter pilots soon began training in civilian clothing. In March 1936, the Luftwaffe took official control. The airfield was mainly used as a fuelling point for aircraft providing air cover for troops during the invasion of Austria and Czechoslovakia. In early September of each year, planes took off from the airfield to fly over the annual Nazi party rally (Reichsparteitag) staged at Zeppelinwiese (Zeppelin Field) in Nuremberg.

During the Western Allied invasion of Germany in April 1945, the United States Third Army seized the airfield. It was designated as ALG R-29. It was first occupied by a transportation unit followed by the USAAF 354th Fighter Group in May. In May 1946, the 2nd Radio Corps took over the installation and renamed it "Herzo Base". In 1947 the base was occupied by the U.S. Army Security Agency up until 1971, when it was replaced by the 210th Field Artillery Group (re-designated as the 210th Field Artillery Brigade on 16 September 1980) which occupied Herzo Base until 1992. Herzo Base was included in the base closure plan. On 4 August 1992, the installation was officially returned to the German Government.[9][10][11][12] It has since served as a civilian recreational airfield,[13] with ICAO code EDQH.

International relations

[edit]
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Herzogenaurach is twinned with:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden Archived 2021-06-30 at the Wayback Machine, Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik, 15 July 2021.
  2. ^ Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011).
  3. ^ "The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided | Business | DW.DE | 03.07.2006". Dw.de. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  4. ^ Hagler, Tom (2006-06-07). "Europe | German feud inspires boots town". BBC News Online. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  5. ^ O'Riordan, Ian (January 3, 2020). "Lost letter from Adi Dassler casts light on the original arms race in running shoes". The Irish Times. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  6. ^ Hall, Allan (2009-09-22). "Adidas and Puma bury the hatchet after 60 years of brothers' feud after football match". Telegraph. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
  7. ^ James, Kyle (3 July 2006). "The Town that Sibling Rivalry Built, and Divided". Deutsche Welle.
  8. ^ UEFA.com (2024-06-07). "UEFA EURO 2024: Where will the teams be based? | UEFA EURO 2024". UEFA.com. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
  9. ^ "354 Operations Group Fact Sheet, USAFHRA". Afhra.af.mil. Archived from the original on 2013-01-04. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
  10. ^ Larry Belmont. "USAAF Airfields in the ETO". Skylighters.org. Archived from the original on 2008-12-04. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
  11. ^ AAF Airfields in France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg Archived January 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ "Nuremberg Military Community history page". Nbg-mil-com.de. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
  13. ^ "EDQH: Home". Flugplatz-herzogenaurach.de. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
[edit]
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