Family Constellations: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Konst1014.jpg|thumb|Family Constellations session]] |
[[File:Konst1014.jpg|thumb|Family Constellations session]] |
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'''Family Constellations''', also known as '''Systemic Constellations''' and '''Systemic Family Constellations''', is a therapeutic method which draws on elements of [[family systems therapy]], [[existential phenomenology]] and [[Zulu people|Zulu]] beliefs and attitudes to family.<ref name="Cohen">{{cite journal|doi=10.1177/1066480706287279|title="Family Constellations": An Innovative Systemic Phenomenological Group Process from Germany|year=2006|last1=Cohen|first1=D. B.|journal=The Family Journal|volume=14|issue=3|pages=226–233|s2cid=145474250|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
'''Family Constellations''', also known as '''Systemic Constellations''' and '''Systemic Family Constellations''', is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]]<ref name="Witkowski"/> therapeutic method which draws on elements of [[family systems therapy]], [[existential phenomenology]] and [[Zulu people|Zulu]] beliefs and attitudes to family.<ref name="Cohen">{{cite journal|doi=10.1177/1066480706287279|title="Family Constellations": An Innovative Systemic Phenomenological Group Process from Germany|year=2006|last1=Cohen|first1=D. B.|journal=The Family Journal|volume=14|issue=3|pages=226–233|s2cid=145474250|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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Family Constellations diverges significantly from conventional forms of [[Cognitive psychology|cognitive]], [[Behaviour therapy|behaviour]] and [[psychodynamic psychotherapy]]. The method has been described by physicists as an example of [[quantum mysticism]], and its founder Bert Hellinger incorporated the speculative idea of [[morphic resonance]] into his explanation of it. Positive outcomes from the therapy have been attributed to conventional explanations such as [[suggestion]], [[empathy]], and the [[Placebo|placebo effect]].<ref name=carroll>{{cite web |author=Carroll, Robert T. |title=Bert Hellinger and family constellations |url=http://www.skepdic.com/hellinger.html |publisher=skepdic.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=First Person Jewish |first1=Alisa |last1=Lebow |publisher=U of Minnesota Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-8166-4354-7 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SET9W5JTOUMC}}</ref><ref name="Witkowski">{{cite book |title=Psychology Gone Wrong: The Dark Sides of Science and Therapy |edition=illustrated |first1=Tomasz |last1=Witkowski |publisher=Universal-Publishers |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-62734-528-6 |page=261 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ruaRCgAAQBAJ}}</ref> |
Family Constellations diverges significantly from conventional forms of [[Cognitive psychology|cognitive]], [[Behaviour therapy|behaviour]] and [[psychodynamic psychotherapy]]. The method has been described by physicists as an example of [[quantum mysticism]], and its founder Bert Hellinger incorporated the speculative idea of [[morphic resonance]] into his explanation of it. Positive outcomes from the therapy have been attributed to conventional explanations such as [[suggestion]], [[empathy]], and the [[Placebo|placebo effect]].<ref name=carroll>{{cite web |author=Carroll, Robert T. |title=Bert Hellinger and family constellations |url=http://www.skepdic.com/hellinger.html |publisher=skepdic.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=First Person Jewish |first1=Alisa |last1=Lebow |publisher=U of Minnesota Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-8166-4354-7 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SET9W5JTOUMC}}</ref><ref name="Witkowski">{{cite book |title=Psychology Gone Wrong: The Dark Sides of Science and Therapy |edition=illustrated |first1=Tomasz |last1=Witkowski |publisher=Universal-Publishers |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-62734-528-6 |page=261 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ruaRCgAAQBAJ}}</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 16:26, 3 November 2024
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Family Constellations, also known as Systemic Constellations and Systemic Family Constellations, is a pseudoscientific[1] therapeutic method which draws on elements of family systems therapy, existential phenomenology and Zulu beliefs and attitudes to family.[2]
Family Constellations diverges significantly from conventional forms of cognitive, behaviour and psychodynamic psychotherapy. The method has been described by physicists as an example of quantum mysticism, and its founder Bert Hellinger incorporated the speculative idea of morphic resonance into his explanation of it. Positive outcomes from the therapy have been attributed to conventional explanations such as suggestion, empathy, and the placebo effect.[3][4][1]
Practitioners claim that present-day problems and difficulties may be influenced by traumas suffered in previous generations of the family, even if those affected are unaware of the original event. Hellinger referred to the relation between present and past problems that are not caused by direct personal experience as systemic entanglements, said to occur when unresolved trauma has afflicted a family through an event such as murder, suicide, death of a mother in childbirth, early death of a parent or sibling, war, natural disaster, emigration, or abuse.[5][6]
A constellation session is a one time event with no follow up. It may take place in front of a large audience.[7]
History
[edit]The term "Family Constellations" was first used by Alfred Adler in a somewhat different context to refer to the phenomenon that each individual belongs to and is bonded in relationship to other members of his or her family system. One premise of his work is that one can inherit trauma.
The philosophical orientation of Family Constellations were derived through an integration of existential phenomenology, family systems therapy, and elements of indigenous mysticism.
Criticism
[edit]Małgorzata Talarczyk of The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Poznań University of Medical Sciences in Poland has criticized the family constellation method as not meeting many of aspects of the Polish Code of Ethics for Psychiatrists. In particular, she found that it was inadequate in the areas of "the process, contract, diagnosis, supervision, confidentiality, alternativeness." Thus it is difficult to consider it as "psychotherapy".[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Witkowski, Tomasz (2015). Psychology Gone Wrong: The Dark Sides of Science and Therapy (illustrated ed.). Universal-Publishers. p. 261. ISBN 978-1-62734-528-6.
- ^ Cohen, D. B. (2006). ""Family Constellations": An Innovative Systemic Phenomenological Group Process from Germany". The Family Journal. 14 (3): 226–233. doi:10.1177/1066480706287279. S2CID 145474250.
- ^ Carroll, Robert T. "Bert Hellinger and family constellations". skepdic.com.
- ^ Lebow, Alisa (2008). First Person Jewish. U of Minnesota Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-8166-4354-7.
- ^ Hellinger, B., Weber, G., & Beaumont, H. (1998). Love's hidden symmetry: What makes love work in relationships. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker and Theisen.
- ^ Boszormenyi-Nagy, I., & Spark, G. M. (1973). Invisible loyalties: Reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row.
- ^ a b Małgorzata Talarczyk (2011). "Family Constellation Method of Bert Hellinger in the context of the Code of Ethics for Psychotherapists". Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. 13 (3): 65–74.
Further reading
[edit]- Boszormenyi-Nagy, Ivan; Spark, G. M. (1973). Invisible loyalties: Reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy. Harper & Row.
- Singer; Lalich, Janja (1996). Crazy Therapies. Jossey-Bass.
- Konkolÿ Thege, Barna; Petroll, Carla; Rivas, Carlos; Scholtens, Salome (2 February 2021). "The Effectiveness of Family Constellation Therapy in Improving Mental Health: A Systematic Review" (PDF). Family Process. 60 (2). Wiley: 409–423. doi:10.1111/famp.12636. ISSN 0014-7370. PMID 33528854. S2CID 231752236.
