Jump to content

Issa Pliyev

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Mupper-san (talk | contribs) at 14:09, 16 November 2021. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Issa Alexandrovich Pliyev
Born25 November 1903
Stariy Batakoyurt, Russian Empire (now North Ossetia, Russia)
Died2 February 1979 (aged 75)
Moscow, Soviet Union
Allegiance Soviet Union
Service / branch Soviet Army
Years of service1926–1968
RankGeneral of the Army
Commands5th Cavalry Division
4th Guards Cavalry Corps
2nd Guards Cavalry Corps
1st Guards Cavalry Mechanized Group
Mobile Group Pliyev
Soviet Mongolian Cavalry Mechanized Group
57th Army
13th Army
North Caucasus Military District
Soviet Ground Forces in Cuba
Battles / warsWorld War II
AwardsTwice Hero of the Soviet Union

Issa Alexandrovich Pliyev (also spelled as Pliev; Template:Lang-os; Russian: Исса Александрович Плиев; 25 November [O.S. 12 November] 1903 — 2 February 1979) was a Soviet military commander, Pliyev would rise to become the premier cavalry general of the Soviet Army. He became Army General (1962), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (16 April 1944 and 8 September 1945), Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971).

During World War II, Pliyev commanded several mechanized cavalry units, ranging from regiments to army corps. The military historians David Glantz and Jonathan House described Pliyev as a "great practitioner of cavalry operations in adverse terrain".[1] Pliyev became known in the West largely for his involvement in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Early life and career

Issa Pliyev started his military career in the Red Army in 1922. He graduated from the Leningrad Cavalry school in 1926, from the Frunze Military Academy in 1933 and from the Soviet General Staff Academy. He joined the Communist party in 1926.[2]

World War II

At the start of the invasion of the Soviet Union, Pliyev commanded the 50th Cavalry Division (renamed 3rd Guards Cavalry Division). His unit participated in the Battle of Moscow and the Battle of Stalingrad.[2] Pliyev served with Lev Dovator who fought alongside Rokossovsky with the crucial 16th Army. These forces along with that of Pavel Belov were the most successful cavalry units of the Battle of Moscow. During the Battle of Stalingrad, his forces were the first to complete the encirclement of the German 6th Army, thus trapping 330,000 men inside the pocket. He commanded cavalry-mechanized group consisting of 4th Guards Cavalry Corps and 4th Mechanized Corps during the Bereznegovatoye–Snigirevka Offensive along the Black Sea coast, as part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front under Army General Rodion Malinovsky.[3]

During Operation Bagration in the summer of 1944, part of the 1st Belorussian Front, Pliyev's cavalry-mechanized group attacked towards Slutsk.[4] According to Glantz and House, the unit was highly successful in exploiting the operational breakthrough.[1] In the fall of 1944, he commanded a cavalry-mechanized group consisting of two divisions during the Battle of Debrecen.[1]

The operations of Lieutenant General Pliev's 1st Guards Cavalry Mechanized Group demonstrates its usefulness as it fought through Ukraine, Eastern Europe and into Germany.[5] With Dovator killed in action and Belov promoted to an army commander, Pliev was able to apply deep battle operations better than any other general which eventually made him the only Soviet cavalry personnel to receive two Heroes of the Soviet Union. His valuable experience serving directly under Lev Dovator while planning and fighting with the best especially in the early stages of the war made him stand out among others. When more tanks were added to the cavalry corps, Pliyev became the pioneer in the newly cavalry mechanized groups who immediately proved themselves in battle. This made him well respected among his peers and soldiers.

He ended the war in command of the Soviet-Mongolian Cavalry-Mechanized Group of the Transbaikal front in Manchuria, fighting against the Japanese Kwantung Army.[6]

Post-war

After the war, Pliyev continued his career in the military, and took command of the Stavropol Military District in February 1946. In June he became commander of the 9th Mechanized Army, stationed in Romania with the Southern Group of Forces. He commanded 13th Army between February 1947 and 1949, in western Ukraine. Pliyev graduated from higher academic courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff in 1949, and in April took command of the 4th Army in the Transcaucasian Military District. In June 1955, he was appointed First Deputy commander of the North Caucasus Military District, succeeding to command of the district in April 1958.[6]

On 27 April 1962 Pliyev was promoted to Army General. In June his troops took part in suppressing Novocherkassk riots.[7] During the Cuban Missile Crisis he was the commander of Group of Soviet forces as part of the Operation Anadyr in Cuba from July 1962 to May 1963.[2] After returning from Cuba, he assumed command of the North Caucasus Military District again.[6]

In June 1968, Pliyev became an advisor for the Ministry of Defense of the USSR's Group of Inspectors General, a position for elderly senior officers.[8] He lived in Rostov-on-Don and died on 6 February 1979 in Moscow. Pliyev was buried in the Walk of Fame in Vladikavkaz.[6]

Awards

Pliyev was awarded five Orders of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of Suvorov (1st Class), Order of Kutuzov (1st Class), numerous medals and nine foreign orders. He was decorated twice Hero of the Soviet Union.[6]

Books authored

Pliyev on a 2010 stamp of Abkhazia
  • Плиев И.А.. Через Гоби и Хинган (Through the Gobi Desert and the Khingan Mountains). 1965.
  • Плиев И.А.. Конец Квантунской армии (The End of the Kwantung Army). 1969

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Glantz & House 2015, p. 286.
  2. ^ a b c Roberts, Priscilla Mary (2012). Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide. Abc-Clio Inc. p. 149. ISBN 9781610690652.
  3. ^ Glantz & House 2015, p. 247.
  4. ^ Glantz & House 2015, p. 268.
  5. ^ John S Harrel
  6. ^ a b c d e "Issa Pliyev". Герои страны ("Heroes of the Country") (in Russian). Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  7. ^ Baron, Samuel H. (2001). Bloody Saturday in the Soviet Union: Novocherkassk, 1962. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 46. ISBN 9780804740937.
  8. ^ Reese, Roger R. (2002). The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917-1991. London: Routledge. p. 144. ISBN 0-415-21719-9.
  • Harrel, John (2019). Soviet Cavalry Operations During The Second World War: The Genesis Of The Operational Manoeuvre Group. Pen & Sword Military.

Cited sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Issa Pliev.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Issa_Pliyev&oldid=1055548951"