Typhoons in Japan
Japan is one of the countries frequently hit by typhoons, with the nation giving its own names to particularly destructive storms.
Since records began in 1951, an average of 2.6 typhoons reached the main islands of Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshu and Hokkaido per year. Okinawa is, due to its geographic location, most vulnerable to typhoons with an average of 7 storms per year. The most destructive was Typhoon Vera (known in Japan as the Isewan Typhoon), with 5,000 casualties in the Tokai region in September 1959. The costliest to affect Japan (and the second costliest in the Western Pacific basin) was Typhoon Hagibis (also known as the Reiwa 1 East Japan Typhoon), which caused $17.3 billion (2019 USD) in damages throughout the country.[1] Until the 1960s, the death toll was often hundreds of people per typhoon. Since then, improvements in construction, flood prevention, high tide detection and early warnings have substantially reduced the death toll, which now rarely exceeds a dozen people per typhoon. Japan also has special search and rescue units to save people in distress.[2]
Special names of typhoons by JMA
The JMA assigns special names to typhoons that have caused significant damage so that they can be handed down to future generations.[3]
| Name | Number | Japanese name |
|---|---|---|
| Ida | T4518 | Makurazaki Typhoon (枕崎台風)[5][6] |
| Louise | T4523 | Akune Typhoon (阿久根台風) |
| Marie | T5415 | Tōya Maru Typhoon (洞爺丸台風) |
| Ida | T5822 | Kanogawa Typhoon (狩野川台風) |
| Sarah | T5914 | Miyakojima Typhoon (宮古島台風) |
| Vera | T5915 | Isewan Typhoon (伊勢湾台風) |
| Nancy | T6118 | 2nd Muroto Typhoon (第2室戸台風) |
| Cora | T6618 | 2nd Miyakojima Typhoon (第2宮古島台風) |
| Della | T6816 | 3rd Miyakojima Typhoon (第3宮古島台風) |
| Babe | T7709 | Okinoerabu Typhoon (沖永良部台風) |
| Faxai | T1915 | Reiwa 1 Bōsō Peninsula Typhoon (令和元年房総半島台風) |
| Hagibis | T1919 | Reiwa 1 East Japan Typhoon (令和元年東日本台風) |
References
- ^ "国土交通省｜報道資料｜令和元年東日本台風の発生した令和元年の水害被害額が統計開始以来最大に令和元年の水害被害額（確報値）を公表". 国土交通省 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-09-07.
- ^ "Typhoons in Japan". Factsanddetails.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020.
- ^ "顕著な災害を起こした自然現象の名称について". www.jma.go.jp. 気象庁. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
- ^ "気象庁が名称を定めた気象・地震・火山現象一覧" (in Japanese). Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- ^ "枕崎台風 昭和20年（1945年） ９月17日～９月18日". www.data.jma.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
- ^ 第三版,日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ), ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,朝日新聞掲載「キーワード」,デジタル大辞泉,百科事典マイペディア,世界大百科事典 第２版,大辞林. "枕崎台風(まくらざきたいふう)とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
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External links
- Tropical Cyclone Information - Japan Meteorological Agency
- Digital Typhoon - National Institute of Informatics
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