Augustinerkloster Zürich
Augustinerkloster was once of the eight monasteries in in Switzerland. It was founded around 1270 AD as an Augustinian Order priory at the location of the present Augustinerkirche Zürich at Münzplatz and was abolished in 1524.
Geography
Situated at the present Münzplatz that is named after the later mint, the Augustinergasse road ist named after the abbey. The area of the convent was westernly of St. Peterhofstatt square[1] towards the then Fröschengraben moat. The Augustinerkirche Zürich is named after the former Augustinian monastery, meaning the church of the Augustinian church respectively the street of that name. In the high European Middle Ages, the abbey was part of the fortifications of Zürich,[2] situated at lower slope the Lindenhof hill, at the location of the so-called small Kecinstürlin gate at the southern Fröschengraben moat respectively Augustinertor gate.[2] The inner moat was enforced by the 16th-century Schanzengraben.
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church interior towards the altar -
mural of Christophorus in the church -
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remains of the probably early 16th-century interior decoration -
interior view towards the chorus and main portal
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History
The city of Zürich supported at tht time the popular mendicant orders by attributing them free plots in the suburbs and asked to support the construction of the city wall in return. In the west of the area, the city's fortification was built in the late 11th or 12th century, the Augustian monks were allowed to settle.[3] The monastery consisted of the present Romanesque church, and a building complex attached to the north of the church. The monastery area was probably delimited by a wall from the urban environment. Thei important late medial city fortifications, namely the Augustinertor gate and the Augustinerturm are mentioned. Memorial measurements in Zürich usually had to be held until the 14th century at Grossmünster, because thus the most income was achieved. Until 1524, all income obtained with the funerals had also to be delivered to the Grossmünster abbey. Within the city, as the other mendicant orders, the Augustian have been reduced to the function of area pastors,[3] thus the order supported the Brun regime of the Guilds of Zürich, so it may not lost so much influeced as its brother convents within the city walls, nameley Predigerkloster and Kapuzinerkloster.
During the Reformation in Zürich, the convent was abolished in 1524, the worship in the church was discontinued, and the buildings and income of the monastery were assigned to an Amt, bailiwick of more administratively function of city government (Rat). In 1525 a wine press was installed, an alms institution established, and thenafter the administration integrated in the so-called Rütiamt, the former Rüti Abbey. In 1841 the Roman Catholic community of Zürich planned to build a church to commemorate the old Augustinian church. But, as the majority of the Catholican community rejected the decisions of the First Vatican Council of 1870, the whole community was expelled from the Catholic church, the present Christkatholische Kirche der Schweiz, and for the very same reason, Augustinerkirche is still its Parish church. [4]
Buildings
There was an extraordinary construction activity, as the mendicant order some homesteads near the present "Strohof" from Werner Strouhmeier acquired the estates of that name in 1270 AD. The order had to build that section of the town wall, southernly of the Lindenhof hill and St. Peterhofstatt towards the Fröschengraben moat. The complex consisted of a rectangled four mating wing, the long side with the later Rütiamt tract, where the Augustinerturm gatewas errected. Situated behind it, on both sides of the lower edge of the roof of the tower, there were the two wings of the so-called Almosen office of 1524, and the transverse wing contained the refectory, the dining hall of the monks. At the northwestern narrow side of the monastery, there is the present Augustinerkirche's, the nave and chancel under one roof. The present roof skylights needed a vanish in 1692, but was rebuilt in 1936/37.
SIx of the former stain glass windows were bought by the Gottfried Keller Stiftung.
See also
Literature
- Regine Abegg and Christine Barraud Wiener: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Zürich. Stadt Zürich Volume II.I, published by Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte GSK, Bern 2002, ISBN.
- Christine Barraud Wiener and Regine Abegg: Die Augustinerkirche in Zürich. Schweizerische Kunstführer, Volume 661, published by Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte GSK, Bern 1999, ISBN 3-85782-661-4.
- Walter Baumann: Zürichs Kirchen, Klöster und Kapellen bis zur Reformation. Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung NZZ, Zürich 1994, ISBN 978-3-8582-3508-4.
References
- ^ Gebrüder Dürst. "St. Peterhofstatt" (in German). Gang dur Alt-Züri. Retrieved 2015-01-20.
- ^ a b Gebrüder Dürst. "Augustinerturm" (in German). Gang dur Alt-Züri. Retrieved 2015-01-20.
- ^ a b Dölf Wild, Urs Jäggin, Felix Wyss (2006-12-31). "Die Zürcher Predigerkirche – Wichtige Etappen der Baugeschichte. Auf dem Murerplan beschönigt? – Untersuchungen an der Westfassade der Predigerkirche" (in German). Amt für Städtebau der Stadt Zürich. Retrieved 2014-12-27.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Augustinerkirche Zürich" (in German). Augustinerkirche Zürich. Retrieved 2015-01-20.
External links
- Official website of the Christ catholic parish Template:De icon
- Demolished buildings and structures in Zürich
- Christian monasteries in Switzerland
- 1520s disestablishments in Switzerland
- Religious buildings in Zürich
- Ruined abbeys and monasteries
- Altstadt (Zürich)
- Christian monasteries established in the 13th century
- Augustinian monasteries of monks
- Augustinian churches
- Old Catholicism in Switzerland