View source for 良

{{also|艮|皀|飠|食|民}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|0xf97c}}
==Translingual==
{{stroke order|strokes=7}}

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=138|rad=艮|as=01|sn=7|four=30732|canj=IAV|ids=⿱丶艮(GHT),⿱丨艮(JK),⿱一艮(V)}}

# [[good]], [[virtuous]], [[respectable]]

====Derived characters====
* [[俍]] [[哴]] [[埌]] [[娘]] [[㟍]] [[悢]] [[𢭗]] [[浪]] [[狼]] [[斏]] [[㫰]] [[朖]] [[桹]] [[㱢]] [[烺]] [[琅]] [[䀶]] [[硠]] [[稂]] [[𧚅]] [[粮]] [[羪]] [[艆]] [[蜋]] [[誏]] [[踉]] [[躴]] [[䡙]] [[酿]] [[鋃]]([[锒]]) [[𫝥]] [[駺]] [[䯖]] [[𩷕]]([[鿶]]) [[郞]] [[食]] [[㝗]] [[崀]] [[莨]] [[䆡]] [[䍚]] [[筤]] [[飬]] [[籑]] [[㢃]] [[㾗]] [[閬]]([[阆]])
* [[剆]] [[㓪]] [[朗]] [[欴]] [[郎]] [[郒]] [[飠]]

====Descendants====
* [[ら]]
* [[ラ]]

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=1013.230|dkj=30597|dj=1472.160|hdz=53170.020|uh=826F|ud=33391|bh=A87D|bd=43133}}
{{Han ref|uh=F97C}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|alt=𡰩,𡆨,𥭣,𣌣,𣌩,𥭷}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{liushu|p}}. Possibly depicts corridors and a room, in which case it would be the original form of {{zh-l|*廊}}. Unrelated to [[食]] and [[即]].

===Etymology===
Possibly from {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*l(j)a(k/ŋ)||good, beautiful}}.

===Pronunciation 1===
{{zh-pron
|m=liáng
|m-s=
|dg=лён1
|c=loeng4
|c-t=liang3
|g=liong4
|h=pfs=liòng;gd=liong2
|j=lion1
|mb=liǒng
|md=luòng
|mn=xm,qz,jj,tw:liông/twvk,zz:liâng/qz,xm:niû
|mn_note=liông/liâng - literary; niû - vernacular
|mn-t=liang5
|px=pt:lyong2/xy:lyeng2
|w=sh:6lian
|x=lian2
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|cat=a,adv,n,pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[good]]; [[fine]]; [[well]]
# [[good]]; [[virtuous]]; [[respectable]]
# [[good]] [[person]]; [[virtuous]] person
# {{lb|zh|literary}} [[innate]]; [[inherent]]; [[natural]]
# [[very]]; [[very much]]; [[quite]]
# {{lb|zh|literary}} [[really]]; [[certainly]]; [[surely]]
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} {{n-g|[[term of address]] used by a woman for her [[husband]]}}
# {{surname|zh}}: [[Liang]]
# {{lb|zh|Catholicism}} [[Leo]] {{gloss|papal name}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{s|good, fine}}
{{zh-dial|好}}
* {{s|very}}
{{syn-saurus|zh|極其}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|良月|張良借箸|不良分子|乞留乞良|不良導體|安良|不良事濟|天付良緣|坐失良機|不良適應|不良才|忠孝賢良|從良|不良人|忠良|勿失良機|壓良為賤|不良帥|循良|張良擇留|天地良心|孟良盜馬|優良|天良|將遇良才|吐良|喪盡天良|功同良相|奧爾良|天理良心|不良|善良|乘堅驅良|兀良|廣結良緣|天假良緣|不良之心|品種改良|居心不良|吉日良辰|不良少年|不良會|有良心|淳良|百夫良|獲益良多|沒良心|改良|放良書|明良|秦良玉|萬杞良|昧良心|溫良|用心良苦|憑良心說|無印良品|滅良心|狄良突盧|消化不良|新奧爾良|放良|營養不良|賢良方正|良朋益友|良種|良宵|良相|良質米|良知良能|良家子弟|良能|良藥苦口|良性競爭|良臣|良日|良策|良人|良夜|良師|良藥|良性瘤|良弼|良造|良遇|良心發現|良醫|良材|迫良為娼|良辰媚景|良善|良將賢相|良辰|良冶|良醞|良工|良家女子|賢良|良家|金玉良言|良心不安|良玉精金|良窳|良辰吉日|除暴安良|良莠淆雜|良弓|良民|良兵|良醞可戀|良遊|良朋|良耜|良時|美景良辰|精金良玉|良心未泯|良宵美景|良儔|良性腫瘤|良圖|良工心苦|純良|黃道良辰|良將|良庖|良緣|良謀|良多|良家子|良深|賢妻良母|良馬|良言|馴良|馬良白眉|馬良|良家婦女|良久|誣良為盜|良莠不分|良田|錯失良機|良莠不齊|素行不良|良賤|良伴|良禽擇木|良駒|良師益友|金石良言|良方|良匠|良莠不一|良田美地|逼良為娼|良媒|良質|素絲良馬|精良|駿良|賣良姜|良友|良貴|良質美手|良好|良性|良機|良金美玉|良辰美景|良知|良時美景|良心|良士|良史|良心話}}

===Pronunciation 2===
{{zh-pron
|m=liǎng
|c=loeng5
|h=
|mn=
|w=
|mc=
|oc=
|ma=y
|cat=a
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only used in|方良|dot=,}} {{alt form|zh|魍魎|nocap=y}}

===References===
* {{q|Min Nan}} {{thcwdq|良}}
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

{{cat|cmn|Advanced Mandarin}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=4|rs=艮01}}

# [[good]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=ろう<らう
|kanon=りょう<りやう
|kun=よ-い, い-い
|nanori=じ, つかさ, なが, まこと, よし, ら, りょ
}}

====Compounds====
{{top3}}
* {{ja-r|良い|よい}}, {{ja-r|良い|い.い|good, beneficial}}
* {{ja-r|良さ|よさ|merit, virtue}}
* {{ja-r|良く|よく|well, much}}
* {{ja-r|良好|りょうこう|good, fine}}
* {{ja-r|良質|りょうしつ|good quality}}
* {{ja-r|良否|りょうひ|quality}}
* {{ja-r|良心|りょうしん|conscience}}
* {{ja-r|良識|りょうしき|good sense}}
* {{ja-r|良い 男|よい おとこ|handsome man}}
* {{ja-r|良%導体|りょう%どうたい|good conductor}}
* {{ja-r|良い 天気|よい てんき|fair weather}}
* {{ja-r|良かったら|よかったら|if you like}}
* {{ja-r|最良|さいりょう|best, ideal}}
* {{ja-r|優良|ゆうりょう|superior, excellent}}
* {{ja-r|改良|かいりょう|improvement, reform}}
* {{ja-r|不良|ふりょう|badness, delinquency}}
* {{ja-r|善良|ぜんりょう|goodness, excellence}}
* {{ja-r|野良|のら|the fields}}
* {{ja-r|純良品|じゅんりょうびん|genuine article}}
* {{ja-r|仲%良し|なか%よし|intimacy, bosom buddy}}
* {{ja-r|読み良い|よみよい|easy to read}}
* {{ja-r|気分 が 良い|きぶん が よい|feel good}}
* {{ja-r|健康 に 良い|けんこう に よい|be good for the health}}
* {{ja-r|丁度 良い 時 に|ちょうど よい とき に|none too soon}}
{{bottom}}

===Etymology===
{{ja-kanjitab|りょう|yomi=kanon}}

===Noun===
{{ja-noun|りょう|hhira=りやう}}

# (''school mark'') [[good]], [[B]]
#: {{ja-usex|[[数学]]の[[成績]]は[[良]]だった|すうがく の せいせき は りょう だった|I got a B in math}}

===Proper noun===
{{ja-pos|proper|hhira=りやう|りょう}}

# {{given name|ja|male|sort=りょう}}

==Korean==

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|良}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-l|랴ᇰ|lyàng|link=no}}
|m2={{okm-l|량|lyang}}
|m2h={{okm-l|[[알다|알]]|al}}
|m3={{okm-l|량|lyang}}
|m3h={{okm-l|[[어딜다|어딜]]|etil}}
|m4={{okm-l|냥|nyang}}
|m4h={{okm-l|[[어딜다|어딜]]|etil}}
}}

===Pronunciation===
{{ko-hanja-pron|양|량}}

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja/new|어질다|어질|량||양}}

# {{hanja form of|양|[[good]]|affix}}
# {{hanja form of|량|[[good]]|affix}}

===Compounds===
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|개량|改良}}
* {{ko-l|불량|不良}}
* {{ko-l|선량|善良}}
* {{ko-l|순량|淳良}}
* {{ko-l|양민|良民}}
* {{ko-l|양심|[[conscience]]|良心}}
* {{ko-l|양우|良友}}
* {{ko-l|양인|良人}}
* {{ko-l|양질|[[good]] [[quality]]|良質}}
* {{ko-l|양호|良好}}
* {{ko-l|양화|良貨}}
* {{ko-l|우량|優良}}
* {{ko-l|한량|閑良}}
{{der-bottom}}

==Old Korean==

===Etymology 1===

====Phonogram====
{{head|oko|phonogram|tr=*a}}

# {{non-gloss|A syllabic [[phonogram]] denoting the syllable *a}} {{q|generally not word-initial}}

===Etymology 2===

====Suffix====
{{head|oko|suffix|tr=*-a}}

# {{n-g|The verbal and adjectival [[infinitive]] suffix.}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|okm|-어〮|tr=-é|-아〮|tr2=-á}}
** {{desc|ko|-어|-아}}

===Etymology 3===

====Particle====
{{head|oko|particle|tr=*-a}}

# [[in]]; [[at]]; [[on]]; {{n-g|locative case marker, attested primarily in ''[[w:hyangga|hyangga]]'' poems}}
#* {{quote-book|oko|year=c. 750|author={{lw|ko|월명사|月明師|tr=Wolmyeongsa}}|chapter={{lw|ko|제망매가|祭亡妹歌|tr=Jemangmae-ga}}|title={{lw|ko|三國遺事|三國遺事|tr=Samguk Yusa}}|trans-title={{w|Samguk Yusa|Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms}}|text=一等隱枝'''良'''出古|t=even though they sprout '''on''' a single branch|tr=*HAton KACI-'''a''' NA-kwo}}

=====Usage notes=====
* First-millennium Old Korean also featured the locative particle {{m|oko|中|tr=*-kuy}}. The two particles were compounded as {{m|oko|良中|tr=*-a-kuy}} as early as the seventh century. The compounded form becomes predominant in the corpus after the eleventh century, after which {{m|oko|良|tr=*-a}} in isolation is not encountered. The compounded form eventually fused into a single morpheme, becoming the Middle Korean locative particle {{m|okm|-에|-에〮/애〮|tr=-éy/áy}}.
* After the fourteenth century, Korean scribes occasionally reused the character {{m|okm|良}} to write {{m|okm|-에|-에〮/애〮|tr=-éy/áy}}. This is a feature of Middle Korean writing, not Old Korean.

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|oko|良中|tr=*-akuy}} {{q|compounded with {{m|oko|中|tr=*-kuy}}}}
** {{desc|okm|-에〮|tr=-éy}}
*** {{desc|ko|-에|tr=-e}}

=====See also=====
* {{m|oko|中|tr=*-kuy}} {{q|locative case marker}}
* {{m|oko|矣|tr=*-uy}} {{q|locative case marker}}
* {{m|oko|良中|tr=*-akuy}} {{q|locative case marker predominant after the eleventh century}}

===References===
* {{cite-journal|author=배대은 (Bae Dae-eun)|title=ko:이두 처격조사의 통시적 고찰<tr:Idu cheogyeok josa-ui tongsijeok gochal>|trans-title=A diachronic study of locative case markers in ''Idu''|journal=Baedalmal|year=1996|volume=21|pages=139–156}}
* {{cite-journal|author=이승재 (Lee Seung-jae)|title=ko:차자표기 자료의 격조사 연구<tr:Chaja pyogi jaryo-ui gyeokjosa yeon'gu>|trans-title=Study of case markers in the Chinese-based orthography [of Korean]|journal=Gugeo Gukmunhak|year=2000|volume=127|pages=107–132}}
* Hwang Seon-yeop (2006). "Godae gugeo-ui cheogyeok josa" 고대국어의 처격조사] ["The locative case markers of Old Korean"]. Hanmal Yeon'gu Hakhoe Jeon'guk Haksul Daehoe (conference). Seongnam, South Korea. pp. 35–48.
* {{cite-book|author=Nam Pung-hyun|chapter=Old Korean|pages=41–72|editor=Tranter, Nicolas|title=The Languages of Japan and Korea|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-46287-7}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=lương|rs=艮01}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=艮01}}