abolish: difference between revisions

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Go to previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Protected "abolish": Well-attested spelling; should not be moved ([Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))
 
(22 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:
===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂el- (grow)}}
{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂el- (grow)}}
From late {{inh|en|enm|abolisshen}}, from {{der|en|frm|aboliss-}}, extended stem of {{m|frm|abolir}},<ref>{{R:MED Online|abolisshen|v|MED137|20 October 2019|date=2018}}</ref> from {{der|en|la|aboleo|abolēre|to retard, check the growth of, (and by extension) destroy, abolish}}, and inchoative {{m|la|abolesco|abolēscere|to wither, vanish, cease}},<ref>{{R:RHCD|page=4}}</ref> probably from {{m|la|ab||from, away from}} + {{m|la|*oleo|*olēre|to increase, grow}}.<ref>{{R:MW3 1976|page=4}}</ref>
From late {{inh|en|enm|abolisshen}}, from {{der|en|frm|aboliss-}}, extended stem of {{m|frm|abolir}},<ref>{{R:MED Online|abolisshen|v|MED137|20 October 2019|date=2018}}</ref> from {{der|en|la|aboleo|abolēre|to retard, check the growth of, (and by extension) destroy, abolish}}, and inchoative {{m|la|abolesco|abolēscere|to wither, vanish, cease}}.<ref>{{R:RHCD|page=4}}</ref>


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|UK}} {{enPR|ə-bŏl'ĭsh}} {{IPA|en|/əˈbɒlɪʃ/}}
* {{enPR|ə-bŏl'ĭsh|a=UK}} {{IPA|en|/əˈbɒlɪʃ/}}
* {{a|US}} {{IPA|en|/əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/|/əˈbɑl.əʃ/}}
* {{IPA|en|/əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/|/əˈbɑl.əʃ/|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-abolish.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-abolish.ogg|a=US}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
Line 14: Line 14:


# To end a [[law]], [[system]], [[institution]], [[custom]] or [[practice]]. {{defdate|First attested from around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED>{{R:SOED5|page=6}}</ref>
# To end a [[law]], [[system]], [[institution]], [[custom]] or [[practice]]. {{defdate|First attested from around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED>{{R:SOED5|page=6}}</ref>
#: {{syn|en|abrogate|annul|cancel|dissolve|nullify|repeal|revoke|do away with}}
#: {{ant|en|establish|found}}
#: {{ux|en|Slavery was '''abolished''' in the nineteenth century.}}
#: {{ux|en|Slavery was '''abolished''' in the nineteenth century.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2002|author=William Schabas|title=The abolition of the death penalty in international law|publisher=Cambridge University Press|section=title|passage=The '''abolition''' of the death penalty in international law}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2002|author=William Schabas|title=The abolition of the death penalty in international law|publisher=Cambridge University Press|section=title|passage=The '''abolition''' of the death penalty in international law}}
# {{lb|en|archaic}} To put an [[end]] to or [[destroy]], as a physical object; to [[wipe out]]. {{defdate|First attested from around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>
# {{lb|en|archaic}} To put an [[end]] to or [[destroy]], as a physical object; to [[wipe out]]. {{defdate|First attested from around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1590|title=The Faerie Queene|author=[[w:Edmund Spenser|Edmund Spenser]]|passage=And with thy blood '''abolish''' so reproachful blot.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1590|title=The Faerie Queene|author=w:Edmund Spenser|passage=And with thy blood '''abolish''' so reproachful blot.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1892|title=The Marriage of Geraint|author=[[w:Alfred Tennyson|Alfred Tennyson]]|passage=His quick instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to '''abolish''' him.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1892|title=The Marriage of Geraint|author=w:Alfred Tennyson|passage=His quick instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to '''abolish''' him.}}
<!--

⚫
What to do with this? WikiSaurus?
====Conjugation====
{{en-conj-simple|es}}

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|to end a law, system, institution, custom or practice}} {{l|en|abrogate}}, {{l|en|annul}}, {{l|en|cancel}}, {{l|en|dissolve}}, {{l|en|nullify}}, {{l|en|repeal}}, {{l|en|revoke}}
⚫
<!-- what to do with this? WikiSaurus?
These words have in common the idea of setting aside by some [[overruling]] act.
These words have in common the idea of setting aside by some [[overruling]] act.
* ''Abolish'' [[applies]] particularly to things of a permanent nature, such as institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to ''abolish'' [[monopolies]], [[serfdom]], slavery. ''Repeal'' [[describes]] the act by which the legislature of a state sets aside a law which it had previously [[enacted]].
* ''Abolish'' [[applies]] particularly to things of a permanent nature, such as institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to ''abolish'' [[monopolies]], [[serfdom]], slavery. ''Repeal'' [[describes]] the act by which the legislature of a state sets aside a law which it had previously [[enacted]].
Line 32: Line 29:
* ''Annul'' is used in a more general sense, denoting simply to make void; as, to ''annul'' a contract, to ''annul'' an agreement.
* ''Annul'' is used in a more general sense, denoting simply to make void; as, to ''annul'' a contract, to ''annul'' an agreement.
* ''Nullify'' is an old word applied to the setting of things aside either by force or by total [[disregard]]; as, to ''nullify'' an act of Congress.
* ''Nullify'' is an old word applied to the setting of things aside either by force or by total [[disregard]]; as, to ''nullify'' an act of Congress.
* ''Cancel'' is to strike out or annul, by a [[deliberate]] exercise of power, something which has [[operative]] force. -->
* ''Cancel'' is to strike out or annul, by a [[deliberate]] exercise of power, something which has [[operative]] force.
-->

====Antonyms====
* {{sense|to end a law, system, institution, custom or practice}} {{l|en|establish}}, {{l|en|found}}


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col3|en
{{col|en|4|{{l|en|abolishable|pos=adjective}}|{{l|en|abolisher|pos=noun}}|{{l|en|unabolish|pos=verb}} {{q|rare}}}}
|abolishable
|abolisher
|unabolish|unabolished| abolishment|reabolish
}}


====Related terms====
====Related terms====
{{col-u|en|4|title=terms derived from Latin “abolēre”
{{col3|en|title=Terms derived from Latin “abolēre”
|abolition
|{{l|en|abolition|pos=noun}}|∴ {{l|en|abolitionist|pos=noun/adjective}}}}
|abolitionist
}}


====Translations====
====Translations====
Line 50: Line 51:
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|يبطل|tr=yebṭel|sc=Arab}}, {{t|arz|يلغي|tr=yelği|sc=Arab}}
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|يبطل|tr=yebṭel|sc=Arab}}, {{t|arz|يلغي|tr=yelği|sc=Arab}}
* Asturian: {{t|ast|abolir}}
* Asturian: {{t|ast|abolir}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|abolitu}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|касава́ць|impf}}, {{t|be|скасава́ць|pf}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|касава́ць|impf}}, {{t|be|скасава́ць|pf}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|према́хвам}}, {{t+|bg|отменям}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|према́хвам}}, {{t+|bg|отменям}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|abolir}}, {{t+|ca|suprimir}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|abolir}}, {{t+|ca|suprimir}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|取消|tr=qǔxiāo|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|廢除|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|废除|tr=fèichú|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|廢止|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|废止|tr=fèizhǐ|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|取消|tr=qǔxiāo}}, {{t+|cmn|廢除|tr=fèichú}}, {{t+|cmn|廢止|tr=fèizhǐ}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|zrušit}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|zrušit}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|afskaffe}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|afskaffe}}
Line 68: Line 70:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ἀναιρέω}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ἀναιρέω}}
* Haitian Creole: {{t|ht|aboli}}
* Haitian Creole: {{t|ht|aboli}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|ביטל|tr=bitél}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|ביטל|tr=bitél}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|eltöröl}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|eltöröl}}
Line 76: Line 77:
* Lao: {{t|lo|ລົບລ້າງ}}
* Lao: {{t|lo|ລົບລ້າງ}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|aboleō}}, {{t|la|interimō}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|aboleō}}, {{t|la|interimō}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|укине}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|whakahorohoro}}, {{t|mi|whakakāhore}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|whakahorohoro}}, {{t|mi|whakakāhore}}
* Norwegian:
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|abolere}}, {{t|nb|avskaffe}}, {{t+|nb|fjerne}}
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|abolere}}, {{t|nb|avskaffe}}, {{t+|nb|fjerne}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|بوزمق|tr=bozmak}}
* Polish: {{qualifier|a practice}} {{t+|pl|znosić|impf}}, {{t+|pl|znieść|pf}}, {{qualifier|a system}} {{t+|pl|obalać|impf}}, {{t+|pl|obalić|pf}}
* Polish: {{qualifier|a practice}} {{t+|pl|znosić|impf}}, {{t+|pl|znieść|pf}}, {{qualifier|a system}} {{t+|pl|obalać|impf}}, {{t+|pl|obalić|pf}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|abolir}}, {{t+|pt|suprimir}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|abolir}}, {{t+|pt|suprimir}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|aboli}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|aboli}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|отменя́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|отмени́ть|pf}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|отменя́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|отмени́ть|pf}}, {{t+|ru|упраздня́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|упраздни́ть|pf}}, {{t+|ru|аннули́ровать|pf}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|ukidati}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|ukidati}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|zrušiť}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|zrušiť}}
Line 102: Line 105:
* German: {{t+|de|vernichten}}
* German: {{t+|de|vernichten}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|הרס|tr=harás}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|הרס|tr=harás}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|打破|alt=打破する|tr=daha suru}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|打破|alt=打破する|tr=daha suru}}
* Latin: {{t|la|interimō}}, {{t+|la|aboleō}}
* Latin: {{t|la|interimō}}, {{t+|la|aboleō}}
Line 109: Line 111:
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|destroçar}}, {{t+|pt|arrasar}}, {{t|pt|[[acabar]] [[com]]}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|destroçar}}, {{t+|pt|arrasar}}, {{t|pt|[[acabar]] [[com]]}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|distruge}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|distruge}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|уничтожа́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|уничто́жить|pf}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|уничтожа́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|уничто́жить|pf}}, {{t+|ru|ликвиди́ровать|pf}}, {{t+|ru|искореня́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|искорени́ть|pf}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|destrozar}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|destrozar}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|dinistrio}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|dinistrio}}
Line 116: Line 118:
{{checktrans-top}}
{{checktrans-top}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+check|vi|thủ tiêu}}, {{t+check|vi|bãi bỏ}}, {{t+check|vi|huỷ bỏ}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+check|vi|thủ tiêu}}, {{t+check|vi|bãi bỏ}}, {{t+check|vi|huỷ bỏ}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Latest revision as of 16:34, 19 August 2024

English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From late Middle English abolisshen, from Middle French aboliss-, extended stem of abolir,[1] from Latin abolēre (“to retard, check the growth of, (and by extension) destroy, abolish”), and inchoative abolēscere (“to wither, vanish, cease”).[2]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (UK) enPR: ə-bŏl'ĭsh IPA(key): /əˈbɒlɪʃ/
  • (US) IPA(key): /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, /əˈbɑl.əʃ/
  • Audio (US):(file)

Verb

[edit]

abolish (third-person singular simple present abolishes, present participle abolishing, simple past and past participle abolished or (obsolete) abolisht)

  1. To end a law, system, institution, custom or practice. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470.][3]
    Synonyms: abrogate, annul, cancel, dissolve, nullify, repeal, revoke, do away with
    Antonyms: establish, found
    Slavery was abolished in the nineteenth century.
    • 2002, William Schabas, The abolition of the death penalty in international law, Cambridge University Press, title:
      The abolition of the death penalty in international law
  2. (archaic) To put an end to or destroy, as a physical object; to wipe out. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470.][3]
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene:
      And with thy blood abolish so reproachful blot.
    • 1892, Alfred Tennyson, The Marriage of Geraint:
      His quick instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to abolish him.

Derived terms

[edit]
[edit]
Terms derived from Latin “abolēre”

Translations

[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “abolisshen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2018, retrieved 20 October 2019.
  2. ^ Laurence Urdang (editor), The Random House College Dictionary (Random House, 1984 [1975], →ISBN), page 4
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abolish”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 6.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=abolish&oldid=81324440"