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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|UK}} {{IPA|en|/ɪˈnæməl/}}
* {{IPA|en|/ɪˈnæməl/|a=UK,GA}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-enamel.wav|Audio (UK)}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-enamel.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{a|GA}} {{IPA|en|/əˈnæməl/}}
* {{rhymes|en|æməl|s=3}}
* {{rhymes|en|æməl}}


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*(s)meld-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|enamel}}, from {{der|en|xno|enamailler}}, from {{m|fro|en-||in-}} + {{m|fro|amailler|t=to enamel}}, variant of {{der|en|fro|esmailler|t=to enamel}}, from {{m|fro|esmal|t=enamel}}, from {{der|en|frk|*smalt}}, from {{der|en|gem-pro|*smaltijaną|t=to smelt}}. Compare {{cog|de|schmelzen}}, {{cog|da|smelte|t=to melt}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|enamel}}, from {{der|en|xno|enamailler}}, from {{m|fro|en-||in-}} + {{m|fro|amailler|t=to enamel}}, variant of {{der|en|fro|esmailler|t=to enamel}}, from {{m|fro|esmal|t=enamel}}, from {{der|en|la-eme|smaltum}}, from {{der|en|frk|*smalt}}, from {{der|en|gem-pro|*smeltaną|t=to melt, smelt}}.


====Noun====
====Noun====
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# An [[opaque]], [[glassy]] [[coating]] baked onto [[metal]] or [[ceramic]] objects.
# An [[opaque]], [[glassy]] [[coating]] baked onto [[metal]] or [[ceramic]] objects.
# A coating that [[dries]] to a hard, [[glossy]] finish.
# A coating that [[dries]] to a hard, [[glossy]] finish.
# The hard covering on the [[exposed]] part of a [[tooth]].
# {{senseid|en|dental}} The hard covering on the [[exposed]] part of a [[tooth]].
# A [[cosmetic]] intended to give the appearance of a [[smooth]] and [[beautiful]] [[complexion]].
# A [[cosmetic]] intended to give the appearance of a [[smooth]] and [[beautiful]] [[complexion]].

⚫
=====Derived terms=====
{{der2|en|cementoenamel|cervicoenamel|counterenamel|dentinoenamel|enameler|enamelin|enamelist|enameller|enamelless|enameloma|enameloplasty|enamelwork|enamelworker|enamelworks|cervical enamel|enamel paper|nail enamel|paper enamel|tooth enamel|enamelware|porcelain enamel|stove enamel|vitreous enamel}}


=====Translations=====
=====Translations=====
Line 25: Line 28:
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|esmalt|m}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|esmalt|m}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|琺瑯}}, {{t|yue|珐琅|tr=faat3 long4}}
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|琺瑯|tr=faat3 long4}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|琺瑯}}, {{t+|cmn|珐琅|tr=fàláng}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|琺瑯|tr=fàláng}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|smalt|m}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|smalt|m}}
* Danish: {{t|da|emalje|c}}
* Danish: {{t|da|emalje|c}}
Line 32: Line 35:
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emali}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emali}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}, {{t+|fr|glaçure|f}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}, {{t+|fr|glaçure|f}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|esmalte|m}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|esmalte|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Email|n}}, {{t+|de|Emaille|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Email|n}}, {{t+|de|Emaille|f}}
* Greek: {{t|el|έγκαυστον|n}}, {{t+|el|σμάλτο|n}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}, {{t+|el|εμαγιέ|n}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}
* Greek: {{t|el|έγκαυστον|n}}, {{t+|el|σμάλτο|n}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}, {{t+|el|εμαγιέ|n}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|zománc}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|zománc}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|lakk|n}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|smelt|n}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Irish: {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}, {{t|ga|amáille|f}} {{qualifier|literary}}, {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}
* Irish: {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}, {{t|ga|amáille|f}} {{qualifier|literary}}, {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|smalto|m}}, {{t+|it|lacca|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|smalto|m}}, {{t+|it|lacca|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|琺瑯|tr=ほうろう, hōrō}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|琺瑯|tr=ほうろう, hōrō}}
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*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|emalje|m}}
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|emalje|m}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|emalje|m}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|emalje|m}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|صیر|tr=sır}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|مینا|tr=minâ}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|emalia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|esmalte|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|esmalte|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|smalț|n}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|smalț|n}}
Line 53: Line 58:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ѐмајл|m}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ѐмајл|m}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|èmajl}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|èmajl}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|smartu}}, {{t|scn|lacca}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|smalt}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|smalt}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}, {{t+|es|enlozado}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}, {{t+|es|enlozado}}
Line 58: Line 64:
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|emaye}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|emaye}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|עמאַל|f}}, {{t|yi|עמאַליע|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Line 64: Line 71:
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emali}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emali}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|esmalte}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|emalia|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|emalia|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ѐмајл|m}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ѐмајл|m}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|èmajl}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|èmajl}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|smartatu}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmaltado|m}}, {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmaltado|m}}, {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
Line 81: Line 89:
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|esmalt|m}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|esmalt|m}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|琺瑯質}}, {{t|yue|珐琅质|tr=faat3 long4 zat1}}
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|琺瑯質|tr=faat3 long4 zat1}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|琺瑯質}}, {{t+|cmn|珐琅质|tr=fàlángzhì}}
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|琺瑯質|tr=fàlángzhì}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|sklovina|f}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|sklovina|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|emalje|c}}
* Danish: {{t|da|emalje|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|glazuur|n}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|emajlo}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|emajlo}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kiille}}, {{t+|fi|hammaskiille}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kiille}}, {{t+|fi|hammaskiille}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émail|m}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|esmalte}}
* German: {{t+|de|Zahnschmelz|m}}, {{t+|de|Schmelz|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Zahnschmelz|m}}, {{t+|de|Schmelz|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|αδαμαντίνη|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|αδαμαντίνη|f}}
Line 94: Line 104:
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emalio}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|smalto|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|smalto|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|琺瑯質|tr=ほうろうしつ, hōrōshitsu}}, {{t|ja|エナメル質|tr=エナメルしつ, enamerushitsu}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|琺瑯質|tr=ほうろうしつ, hōrōshitsu}}, {{t|ja|エナメル質|tr=エナメルしつ, enamerushitsu}}
* Kurdish:
* Kurdish:
*: Northern Kurdish: {{t+|kmr|mîna|f}}
*: Northern Kurdish: {{t+|kmr|mîna|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|глеѓ|f}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kirimārō}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kirimārō}}
* Norwegian:
* Norwegian:
Line 110: Line 120:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ца̏клина|f}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ца̏клина|f}}, {{t|sh|гле̏ђ|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|cȁklina|f}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|cȁklina|f}}, {{t+|sh|glȅđ|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|smartu}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|sklovina}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|sklovina}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmalte|m}}
Line 116: Line 127:
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ема́ль|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
{{checktrans-top}}
* Esperanto: {{t-check|eo|emajlo}}
* Esperanto: {{t-check|eo|emajlo}}
* French: {{t+check|fr|émail|m}}
* French: {{t+check|fr|émail|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Hebrew: {{t-check|he|אמייל}}
* Hebrew: {{t-check|he|אמייל}}
* Interlingua: {{t-check|ia|email}}
* Interlingua: {{t-check|ia|email}}
Line 132: Line 141:


# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[coat]] or [[decorate]] with enamel.
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[coat]] or [[decorate]] with enamel.
#* {{RQ:Marlowe Tamburlaine|part=1|scene=ii|page=24|passage=Their plumed helmes are wrought with beaten golde,<br>Their ſwords '''enameld''', and about their neckes<br>Hangs maſſie chaines of golde downe to the waſte,<br>In euery part exceding braue and rich.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[variegate]] with colours, as if with enamel.
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[variegate]] with colours, as if with enamel.
#* {{RQ:Milton PL|book=9|passage=Oft he [the serpent] bowed / His turret crest and sleek '''enamelled''' neck.}}
#* {{RQ:Milton Paradise Lost|book=9|passage=Oft he [the serpent] bowed / His turret crest and sleek '''enamelled''' neck.|year=1873}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To form a glossy surface like enamel upon.
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To form a glossy surface like enamel upon.
#: {{ux|en|to '''enamel''' card paper; to '''enamel''' leather or cloth}}
#: {{ux|en|to '''enamel''' card paper; to '''enamel''' leather or cloth}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.

⚫
=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|enamelware}}
* {{l|en|porcelain enamel}}
* {{l|en|vitreous enamel}}


=====Translations=====
=====Translations=====
Line 151: Line 156:
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emaloida}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|emaloida}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émailler}}
* French: {{t+|fr|émailler}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|esmaltar}}
* German: {{t+|de|emaillieren}}, {{t+|de|schmalten}}
* German: {{t+|de|emaillieren}}, {{t+|de|schmalten}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|βερνικώνω}}, {{t+|el|επισμαλτώνω}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|βερνικώνω}}, {{t+|el|επισμαλτώνω}}
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* Icelandic: {{t|is|lakka}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|lakka}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emaliizar}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|emaliizar}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|emailliar}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|emailliar}}
* Irish: {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}
* Irish: {{t+|ga|cruan|m}}
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* Russian: {{t+|ru|эмалирова́ть}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|эмалирова́ть}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: , {{t|sh|емајли́рати}}, {{t|sh|глеђосати}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|емајли́рати}}, {{t|sh|глеђосати}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|emajlírati}}, {{t+|sh|gleđosati}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|emajlírati}}, {{t+|sh|gleđosati}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|smartari}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|smaltovať}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|smaltovať}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmaltar}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|esmaltar}}
Line 170: Line 176:
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|sırlamak}}, {{t+|tr|emaylamak}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|sırlamak}}, {{t+|tr|emaylamak}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:MWO}}
* {{R:Dictionary.com}}


===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=aeelmn|Leeman|Manele|Melena|manele|melena}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=aeelmn|Leeman|Manele|Melena|manele|melena}}

{{C|en|Materials}}

Latest revision as of 10:06, 24 September 2024

English

[edit]
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From Middle English enamel, from Anglo-Norman enamailler, from en- (“in-”) + amailler (“to enamel”), variant of Old French esmailler (“to enamel”), from esmal (“enamel”), from Early Medieval Latin smaltum, from Frankish *smalt, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaną (“to melt, smelt”).

Noun

[edit]

enamel (countable and uncountable, plural enamels)

  1. An opaque, glassy coating baked onto metal or ceramic objects.
  2. A coating that dries to a hard, glossy finish.
  4. The hard covering on the exposed part of a tooth.
  5. A cosmetic intended to give the appearance of a smooth and beautiful complexion.
Derived terms
[edit]
Translations
[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

[edit]

From Middle English enamelen, from the noun (see above).

Verb

[edit]

enamel (third-person singular simple present enamels, present participle (US) enameling or (UK) enamelling, simple past and past participle (US) enameled or (UK) enamelled)

  1. (transitive) To coat or decorate with enamel.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
      Their plumed helmes are wrought with beaten golde,
      Their ſwords enameld, and about their neckes
      Hangs maſſie chaines of golde downe to the waſte,
      In euery part exceding braue and rich.
  2. (transitive) To variegate with colours, as if with enamel.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
      Oft he [the serpent] bowed / His turret crest and sleek enamelled neck.
  3. (transitive) To form a glossy surface like enamel upon.
    to enamel card paper; to enamel leather or cloth
  4. (transitive) To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.
Translations
[edit]

References

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]
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