Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stenaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European Template:recons. Cognate with (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin (deprecated template usage) tonō.

Pronunciation

• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) IPA^(key): /ˈste.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stenaną

1. to sigh, to groan

Conjugation

Conjugation of *stenaną (strong class 4)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stenō	*stenaų	—	*stenai	?
2nd singular	*stinizi	*stenaiz	*sten	*stenazai	*stenaizau
3rd singular	*stinidi	*stenai	*stenadau	*stenadai	*stenaidau
1st dual	*stenōz	*stenaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*stenadiz	*stenaidiz	*stenadiz	—	—
1st plural	*stenamaz	*stenaim	—	*stenandai	*stenaindau
2nd plural	*stinid	*stenaid	*stinid	*stenandai	*stenaindau
3rd plural	*stenandi	*stenain	*stenandau	*stenandai	*stenaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stan	*stēnį̄
2nd singular	*stant	*stēnīz
3rd singular	*stan	*stēnī
1st dual	*stēnū	*stēnīw
2nd dual	*stēnudiz	*stēnīdiz
1st plural	*stēnum	*stēnīm
2nd plural	*stēnud	*stēnīd
3rd plural	*stēnun	*stēnīn
	present	past
participles	*stenandz	*stunanaz

Derived terms

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Descendants

• Old English: stenan, stinan
• Old Dutch: *stenan
  • Middle Dutch: stēnen
    • Dutch: stenen, steunen (with unexpected rounding, possibly from Middle Dutch stōnen)