http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/author/MD5_1c623d4f52edc7b133cc8f0ad00f2668
Outgoing Links
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| family-name | Frederik Barkhof Barkhof |
| name | Frederik Barkhof |
| given-name | Frederik |
| organization-name | From the Departments of Anatomy & Neurosciences (A.J.C.E., M.D.S., K.A.M., H.E.H., M.M.S., J.J.G.G.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.D., J.W.P., F.B., H.V.), and Neurology (I.D., B.M.J.U.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, the Netherlands; and Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), UCL, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London WC1N 3BG , UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University College London, Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected]. From the Departments of Radiology (M.M.S., V.P., O.T.W., H.V., F.B.), Anatomy & Neuroscience (M.M.S., J.J.G.G.), Physics and Medical Technology (H.V.), and Neurology (L.D., C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (F.C.R.L.), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science University College London London UK; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation UCL Institute of Neurology London UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) London UK Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Image Analysis Center VU University Medical Center Amsterdam NL USA Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Centre Amsterdam VU Medical Centre Amsterdam Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK; Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK/NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK/Institutes of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College Lodon, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK Department of Radiology and Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and PET research VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands From the American Department of Radiology (Dr. Barkhof), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; St. Louis Children’s Hospital and Barnes-Jewish Hospital (Dr. McKinstry), Washington University, St. Louis, MO. MR Centre for MS Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, P. O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK; Neuroradiological Academic Unit UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London London UK; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery National Health Service Foundation Trust London UK; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre Department of Neuroinflammation Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London London UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London UK MS Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation UCL Institute of Neurology London UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK; Dementia Research Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London London UK Alzheimer Centre and Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, multiple sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Healthcare Engineering and Neurology, London, UK VU University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. Image Analysis Centre, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherland; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Center for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK From the Department of Neurology (F.E.d.L.), University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; the Alzheimer Center and the Department of Neurology (F.E.d.L., E.K., P.S.), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and the Department of Radiology (F.B.), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherland; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, UK. Alzheimer Center and Department of Radiology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands From the Departments of Neurology (J.D.C.G., M.I.K., P.S., W.M.v.d.F.), Radiology (F.B.), Medical Psychology (M.K.), Clinical Chemistry (M.A.B.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. From the Departments of Radiology (M.M.S., J.J.G.G., F.B.) and Pathology (J.J.G.G.), MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), London, UK. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (C.G., A.C.v.L., P.S., W.M.v.d.F., R.O.) and Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.G., F.B., B.N.M.v.B., R.O.), Medical Psychology (T.K.), Clinical Chemistry (C.C.T.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK. NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, UCL Institute of Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL, London, UK Department of Radiology and Neurology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC)–Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom Image Analysis Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK Department Neurology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From the Departments of Radiology (Y.L., Y.D., J.H., Z.R., K.L.) and Neurology (J.Y., H.D.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (Y.L., M.D., H.V., M.P.W., F.B.), and the Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (M.D.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Neurology and Tianjin Neurological Institute (Y.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU Medical Centre, Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. From the Medical Imaging Unit (A.C.), Biomedical Engineering Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo; LENITEM—Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging and Telemedicine (A.P., S.G., C.F., A.R., G.B.F.), IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology (W.M.v.d.F., R.O., P.S.), Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (B.V.B., F.B.), and... From the Departments of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (C.G., P.S., W.M.v.d.F., R.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.G., F.B., B.N.M.v.B., R.O.), Neurochemistry Lab and Biobank (C.E.T.), and Clinical Chemistry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Dementia Research Centre (C.H.S., S.O., M.J.C.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Centre for Medical Image Computing (C.H.S., S.O.... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherland; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London England United Kingdom Radiology Department, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience , Amsterdam , The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London , UK From the Department of Radiology and Image Analysis Center (A.J.d.B.L., F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; the Department of Neuroradiology (A.J.d.B.L.), Hospital Geral de Santo António, Oporto, Portugal; and the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.S., P.S.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, United Kingdom; Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical College VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Center for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London WC1N 3BG , UK VU University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK From the Corinne Goldsmith Dickenson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (F.D.L., A.E.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Scientific and Clinical Review Associates, LLC (S.C.R.), Salisbury, CT; The Mellen Center for MS Treatment and Research (J.A.C., R.J.F., R.A.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; the Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center (P.S.S.), Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet... Magnetic Resonance Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research and Department of Radiology, University Hospital ‘Vrye Umversiteit’, POBox 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Science, University College of London , WC1E 6BT London , UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC , 1100 DD Amsterdam , Netherlands From the Hemorrhagic Stroke Research Program, Department of Neurology (A.C., M.P., A.B., M.E.G., J.N.G., J.R., S.M.G., A.V.), Massachusetts General Hospital Stroke Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Alzheimer Center and the Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam and Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.I.Z., F.B.), VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Karolinska Institutet (S.S., L.-O.W.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Radiology (K.K., J... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam The Netherlands Radiology and Image Analysis Centre (IAC) VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology UCL London UK; Institute of Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK; UCL Institute of Healthcare Engineering, London WC1E 6DH, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and healthcare engineering, UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands From the Department of Neurology (D.A.F., H.v.d.B., L.G.E., J.M.F.B., G.J.B.), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University; Department of Neurology (J.M.F.B.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG) West; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (F.B.) Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Amsterdam (N.D.P., W.M.v.d.F.), Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London , London , UK Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), London, UK/Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London, UK/Radiology & Nuclear medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, University College London (UCL), London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London WC1E, UK From the Department of Radiology (A.J.B.L., G.L., F.B.), Department of Neurology (E.C.W. van S., P.S.), Image Analysis Center (E.C.W. van S., F.B.), and Alzheimer Center (P.S.), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; and Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Geral de Santo António, Oporto, Portugal (A.J.B.L.). Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK Department of Radiology Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK From the Departments of Neurology (I.A.v.R., P.S., W.M.v.d.F., P.J.V.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics (D.L.K., W.M.v.d.F.), and Radiology (F.B.), Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.J.B.V., F.V., P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research (L.B., G.L.), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, CT; Department of... NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology , London WC1N 3BG , UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre , London W1T 7DN , UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre , 1081 HV Amsterdam , The Netherlands Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET Research, University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, England, UK UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom From the Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences (M.M.S., H.E.H., J.J.G.G.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (R.B.B., M.S., A.M.W., F.B.), and Neurology (B.M.J.U.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology, UCL London United Kingdom; Institute of Healthcare Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, England Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), UCL Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK/NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK/Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/UCL Institute of Healthcare Engineering and UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Queen Square Analytics, London, UK; NMR Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Institutes of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK. Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. From the Department of Neurological and Behavioral Sciences (A.G., M.B., A.D.L, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Siena; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.A.R., M.A., M.F.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Radiology (R.v.S., F.B.), VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Neuroimmunology Unit (A.R., M.T), Hospital Vall d'Hebron,... NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands From the Alzheimer Center and the Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, and Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.I.Z., M.P.W., F.B.), Neurology (J.D.C.G., N.D.P., P.S., W.M.v.d.F.), Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K.), and Internal Medicine (M.M.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK Department of Physics and Medical Technology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam The Netherlands From the Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation (F.B., D.L.T.) and Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre (D.L.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, England. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location Free University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, Netherlands; University College London Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK From the Departments of Neurology (K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.), Anatomy and Neurosciences (M.M.S.), Clinical Neuropsychology (J.B.D.), Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.W.R.T.), and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands/Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK Alzheimer Centre, Department of Radiology, and Image Analysis Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London London UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC) University College London London UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) London UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands From Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (W.J.P.H., J.D.S., C.C., M.M.E.B., P.S., F.B., W.M.v.d.F.) and Department of Radiology (W.J.P.H., J.D.S., F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Stroke Department (C.C.), Lille University Hospital, France. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London; London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center 1007 MB Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 5MS-MRI Centre, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, United Kingdom Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, Faculty of Engineering, University College London London UK; Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology London UK; Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam Netherland From the Alzheimer Center (W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.v.S., F.B., P.S.) and the Departments of Neurology (W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.v.S., P.S.) and Radiology (F.B.), and the Image Analysis Centre (IAC) (E.C.W.v.S., F.B.), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; the Serviço de Neurologia (A.V., S.M.), Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal; the Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences (L.P., D.I.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; the Memory... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Image Analysis Center, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands; UCL institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From the LENITEM (Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging and Telemedicine) (G.B.F., M.B.), IRCCS, S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli Brescia, Italy; INSERM (G.C.), U1077, Caen; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie (G.C.), UMR-S1077, Caen; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (G.C.), UMR-S1077, Caen; CHU de Caen (G.C.), U1077, Caen, France; Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology (G.D.R.), University of California, San Francisco (C.D., M.W.W.); New York University School of Medicine (M.J.d.L.)... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, U.K. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology, UCL, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Healthcare Engineering, UCL, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, United Kingdom Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Health Care Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (A.C., P.V., M.F., M.A.R.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (M.M.S., J.J.G.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare... Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London , UK Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, the Netherlands; UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London London UK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Queen Square London UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences University College London London UK; Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands; Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London London UK Image Analysis Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR); Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherland; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK MS Center Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London WC1V 6LJ , UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London England UK From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (M.D., M.D.S., M.P.W., F.B.), Anatomy and Neurosciences (M.D., J.J.G.G.), Neurology (B.M.J.U., P.K.T., L.J.B., J.K.), and Physics and Medical Technology (P.J.W.P.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine MS Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) – Location VUmc Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (AMC) Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC) University College London London UK Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK From the Alzheimer Center and Departments of Neurology (S.S.S., E.L.G.E.K., P.S., P.S., W.M.v.d.F.) and Radiology (W.J.P.H., F.B.), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London United Kingdom Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK. From the Department of Neurology and Tianjin Neurological Institute (Y.L., Y.F., Nan Zhang, M.F., L.S., Y.S., Y.Y., L.Y., F.-D.S.) and Department of Radiology (Q.W., Ningnannan Zhang, C.Y.), Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, PR China; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (Y.L., M.M.S., F.B.), and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience (M.M.S.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Xuanwu... From the Alzheimer Center (Drs. De Leeuw and Scheltens), Department of Neurology, and Department of Radiology (Dr. Barkhof), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, and Department of Neurology (Dr. de Leeuw), University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. From the Departments of Nutrition (K.L.M., K.C.F., A.A.) and Epidemiology (A.A.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (M.S.F.), Canada; Heinrich-Heine Universität (H.-P.H., R.S.), Düsseldorf, Germany; UCL Institute of Neurology (D.H.M.), London, UK; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (X.M.), Barcelona, Spain; CHU-Hôpital Pontchaillou (G.E.), Rennes, France; VU University Medical Center (F.B.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bayer HealthCare... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Amsterdam, MS Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK From the Departments of Neurology (M.H.J.H., J.B., J.K.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.D.K., M.L.d.V., M.P.W., F.B.), MS Centre Amsterdam, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.I.L.-W.), VU University Medical Centre; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.D.K.), Onze Lieve Vrouwen Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (N.C., O.C.) and Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London,... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , WC1N 3BG , UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen’s Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VUmc MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (W.J.B., C.T., D.H.M., O.C.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology (K.A.M., F.B.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery; UCL Institute of Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (F.B., O.C.), UK. MRI Centre for MS Research and Radiology, Academic Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amsterdam UMC Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands; Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Centre for Medical Image Computing UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology University College London London UK; Institute of Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL London, London WC1E, UK From the Departments of Radiology (H.E.H., M.D.S., A.V., H.V., F.B.), Anatomy and Neurosciences (H.E.H., J.J.G.G.), Physics and Medical Technology (P.J.W.P.), Neurology (B.M.J.U., C.H.P.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.M.J.U.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam and VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, UCL London UK; NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR), Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK Departments of Diagnostic Radiology (Drs. Barkhof and Valk) and Neurology (Dr. Scheltens), Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, and the Institute of Neurology (Dr. Hommes), University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Departments of Anatomy and Neurosciences (A.J.C.E., K.A.M., T.M.W., M.D.S., J.J.G.G., M.M.S.), Neurology (M.D.S., B.M.J.U.), and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B., A.M.W.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), UCL, London, UK. MS-MRI centre and Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Hospital Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK University of São Paulo, Brazil Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre University College London Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Vrije University, University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology UCL London UK; Institute of Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.B.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (D.S.K.) and Mayo Clinic Alzheimer Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London WC1B 5EH, United Kingdom;; National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, United Kingdom;; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands From FMRIB Centre (M.Z., C.M., C.F.B., S.M.S., P.M.M.), University Oxford, Oxford, UK; Departments of Neurology (J.S.D., P.S.) and Radiology (F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Radiology (S.A.R.B.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected]. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Amsterdam the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering London UK; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC , Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London , UK Ilse Schuitema and Leo M.J. de Sonneville, Leiden University, Leiden; Ilse Schuitema, Marita Daams, Frederik Barkhof, Eline van Dulmen-den Broeder, and Anjo J.P. Veerman, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center; Helena J. van der Pal and Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Sabine Deprez, Anne Uyttebroeck, and Stefan Sunaert, University Hospitals Leuven; Wim Van Hecke, icoMetrix, Leuven, Belgium. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London UK Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Institute of Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom. From the Departments of Neurology, Nuclear Medicine, Radiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Oncology, Neurosurgery, and Radiotherapy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London , London WC1V 6LJ , UK; Brain Research Center , Amsterdam 1081 GN , The Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1007MB , The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam The Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing and Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London , London , UK; Center for Medical Imaging Computing, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL , London , UK; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam , The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London UK Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Malet Place Engineering Building, London, UK; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering University College London (UCL) London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering UCL London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Insititutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK. From the Department of Neurology (R.H., J.S.,), Zuyderland Medical Centre Sittard, Maastricht University Medical Centre; Department of Neurology (J.S.), Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Nutritional Sciences (R.V.), University of Toronto, Canada; Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo (T.H.), Norway; Merck GmbH (K.M.), Vienna, Austria; Service de Neurologie (M.S.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; Departments of... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London London United Kingdom Department of Radiology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. for the Amyloid Imaging to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease (AMYPAD) Consortium Department of Neuroradiology, VU University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK/Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK/Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Queen Square MS Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, UK; Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK. Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Center for Medical Imaging Computing, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, WC1V 6LJ, United Kingdom; Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine MS Center Amsterdam Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam University Medical Centers Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering UCL London London UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK From the I Division of Neurology (G.T., A.G.), Second University of Naples; MRI Center “SUN-FISM” (G.T., A.G.), Second University of Naples and Neurological Institute for Diagnosis and Care “Hermitage Capodimonte,” Italy; and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VU University Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, England MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK Alzheimer Centre and Department of Neurology; Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center; Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Amsterdam, VUmc MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology UCL London UK; Institute of Healthcare Engineering UCL London UK From the Image Analysis Center (A.J.B.-L., F.B.), the Alzheimer Center (A.J.B.-L., W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.v.S., S.S.S., P.S., F.B.), the Department of Neurology (W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.v.S., S.S.S., P.S.), and the Department of Radiology (F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and the Department of Medical Imaging (A.J.B.-L.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal. From the Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and the Translational Neuroradiology Unit (D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD. From LENITEM–Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging and Telemedicine (A.P., A.C., G.B.F.), IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia; Medical Imaging Unit (A.C.), Biomedical Engineering Department, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy; Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology (W.M.v.d.F., R.O., P.S.) and Departments of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Nuclear Medicine and PET Research (R.O., B.V.B.), Radiology (F.B.), and Clinical Chemistry (C.E.T... From Biogen Idec (J.Q.T., J.R., S.R., L.X., D.C.), Cambridge, MA; VU Medical Center (F.B., M.P.W., R.D.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; IMMUNOe (I.M.), Centennial, CO; PAREXEL International (H.G.), Glendale, CA; ALG Partners (K.B.), Natick, MA; and Excel Scientific Solutions (E.P.), Southport, CT. J.Z. is a former employee of Biogen Idec. From the Department of Neurology & Alzheimer Center (R.O., W.M.v.d.F., M.D.Z., S.F.A., P.S.), Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Research (R.O., M.D.Z., S.F.A., R.B., A.D.W., A.A.L., B.N.M.v.B.), and Departments of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.) and Radiology (F.B.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. From the Alzheimer Center and Departments of Neurology (S.S.S., W.M.v.d.F., E.C.W.v.S., P.S.) and Radiology (F.B.), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Novartis Neuroscience (R.L.), Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. MS Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK. Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Institutes of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK/Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From the Departments of Anatomy and Neurosciences (K.A.M., A.J.C.E., L.D., J.J.G.G., M.M.S.), Neurology (B.M.J.U.), and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VUmc MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London United Kingdom Department of Radiology, VU Medical Center, MS Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK; and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. 6Department of Radiology & Nuclear MedicineVU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology (A.C.v.L., W.M.v.d.F., E.D., C.G., P.S., R.O.), and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (A.M.W., F.B., R.O.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F., J.T.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; and Clinical Memory Research Unit (R.O.), Lund University, Sweden. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology University College London London UK; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam the Netherlands From the Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology (M.R.B., A.C.v.H., A.E.L., P.S., N.D.P., W.M.v.d.F.), Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), Department of Medical Psychology (T.K.), and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Departments of Neuroradiology and Neurology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Neurology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, UK VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET Research Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering University College London London UK Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam & Department of Neurology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (E.C.W. van S., P.S., M.C.V, H.C.W.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (D.L.K.), and Department of Radiology and Image Analysis Center (G.K., F.B.), VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands (M.A. van B.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.J. van D., N.D.P.); Department of Radiology, University... From the Department of Child Neurology (M.E.S., N.I.W., M.S.v.d.K.), VU University Medical Center, and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.N.v.W.), VU University Medical Center; Department of Mathematics (W.N.v.W.), and Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (M.S.v.d.K., P.J.W.P.), VU University, Amsterdam; and Departments of Radiology (F.B.) and Physics and Medical Technology (P.J.W.P.), VU University... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Insititutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London London United Kingdom Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit, University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and the MS-MRI Centre, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Image Analysis Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands From the Department of Paediatric Neurology (Y.H., C.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children; Department of Neuroinflammation (Y.H., O.C.), Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology; Department of Clinical Neuroscience (Y.H.), UCL Institute of Child Health; Paediatric Neuroradiology (K.M., W.K.C.), Great Ormond Street Hospital; Institutes of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering (F.B.), University College London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VU University... Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK From the NMR Research Unit (R.C., L.M., C.T., F.D., M.C.Y., F.P., F.B., O.C.), Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London; NMO Clinical Service at the Walton Centre (K.A.-A., A.J.), Liverpool; Translational Imaging Group (F.P., S.O., F.B.), Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London; Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology (T.A.Y.), National... Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands; UCL Institute of Neurology London UK Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom Image Analysis Center, VU University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom European Charcot Foundation symposium on 'Remyelination in MS', held in Vienna, Austria, 4-6 July 1996 VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Dementia Research Centre UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London Malet Place Engineering Building London United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London United Kingdom Department of Radiology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering University College London London United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) London United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; From the Department of Neurology (G.S.G., J.T.v.A.), Twee Steden Hospital Tilburg; Department of Neurology (L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth Hospital Tilburg; Department of Radiology (F.B.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam; and Department of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.D.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC)–Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Neurology, Institute of Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK From the Department of Neurology (V.L.), Cologne City Hospitals, University of Cologne, Germany; the Department of Radiology (F.B.), VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Antisense Therapeutics Ltd. (N.D., M.P.D., G.T.), Melbourne, Australia. Department of Radiology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam, The Netherlands/UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London. UK/Translational Imaging Group, UK/Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; MS Centre Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam Netherlands Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), London, UK/Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK/Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands/National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc , Amsterdam , The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging , Amsterdam , The Netherlands; UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK for the AMYPAD consortium From the Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy (L.P., M.S., G.P., D.I.); Department of Neurology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria (R.S.); and MR-MS Centre, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.). From the Institute for Clinical Neuroimmunology (R.H.), Munich, Germany; and Image Analysis Center (F.B.) and Department of Neurology (C.P.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London London UK; National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre University College London Hospitals London UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London UK; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam Netherlands; Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam,VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London London United Kingdom VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands VU University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom (F.B.) Institutes of Healthcare Engineering and Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands From the Medical Image Analysis Centre (E.-W.R.), University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland; Image Analysis Center (F.B.), VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, Neurology (L.K., T.S.) and Radiology (T.S.), Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Novartis Pharma AG (D.A.H., A.d.V., P.v.R.), Basel, Switzerland; Oxford PharmaGenesis Ltd. (J.R.B.), Tubney, Oxford, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (G... From the Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC) (F.P., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London; UCL Institute of Neurology (F.P., F.B.), London, UK; and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (F.B.), VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK; Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL, London, UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands; National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London , London , UK; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom. From Neurology (L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; CHU–Hopital Pontchaillou (G.E.), Rennes, France; University of Ottawa (M.S.F.), and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (X.M.), Ps. Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H., R.S.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine Universität, Düsseldorf; Technische Universität München (B.H.),... University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; University College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC , Amsterdam , The Netherlands; UCL Institute of Neurology , London , UK Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK. Electronic address: [email protected]. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam VU University Medical Center The Netherlands Department of Radiology, Image Analysis Center and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Amsterdam UMC, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands/Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK From the Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (R.O., S.C.J.V., H.V., A.V., R.A.v.S., S.M.A., M.D.Z., R.B., A.D.W., F.B., A.A.L., B.N.M.v.B.), Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam (R.O., W.M.v.d.F., S.A.S., S.M.A., M.D.Z., P.S.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F., S.A.S., J.T.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Institutes of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK/ Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands From the Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology (J.D.C.G., W.M.v.d.F., P.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F., D.L.K.), Department of Physics and Medical Technology (P.J.W.P.), and Department of Radiology (F.B., M.P.W.), Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology & Healthcare Engineering, UCL, 235 Euston Rd, Bloomsbury, London NW1 2BU, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected]. From the Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (A.E.v.d.V., J.D.C.G., P.S., W.M.v.d.F.), Department of Radiology, Image Analysis Center and Alzheimer Center (F.B.), and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. From the Departments of Neurology (M.H.S., L.J.B., J.M.N., B.M.J.U., C.H.P.) and Radiology (M.P.W., H.V., F.B.), MS Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center; and Departments of Physics and Medical Technology (H.V.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (B.M.J.U.), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc Amsterdam the Netherlands; Institute of Healthcare Engineering and the Institute of Neurology, University College London London UK Department of Radiology, VU University medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; MS Center Amsterdam and Alzheimer Center, VU University medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
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