| abstract |
A surface coating layer (120), in contact with a surface of a base material (100) of a heat exchanger, comprises a plurality of composite layers comprising a first layer (120a) contacting a surface of the base material (100), the first layer (120a) comprising a first composite comprising a first matrix (50a) and a first nanobody (50b), and a second layer (120b) contacting a surface of the first layer (120a) and having an interface with the air, the second layer comprising a second composite comprising a second matrix (50a) and a second nanobody (50b), wherein the first layer (120a) and the second layer (120b) each include a different amount by volume of the first nanobody and the second nanobody, respectively. |