| abstract |
Electric vehicles (EVs), power trains and control units and methods are provided. Power trains comprise a main fast-charging lithium ion battery (FC), configured to deliver power to the electric vehicle, a supercapacitor-emulating fast-charging lithium ion battery (SCeFC), configured to receive power and deliver power to the FC and/or to the EV, and a control unit. Both the FC and the SCeFC have anodes based on the same anode active material, and the SCeFC is configured to operate at high rates within a limited operation range of state of charge (SoC), maintained by the control unit, which is further configured to manage the FC and the SCeFC with respect to power delivery to and from the EV, respectively, and manage power delivery from the SCeFC to the FC according to specified criteria that minimize a depth of discharge and/or a number of cycles of the FC. |