http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/patent/GB-640419-A

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filingDate 1948-03-17^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationDate 1950-07-19^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationNumber GB-640419-A
titleOfInvention A process for the dyeing of textile fibres
abstract Textile fibres having an affinity for acid dyes are dyed by immersing them for a short time at a temperature not exceeding 50 DEG C. in a dye liquor, removing them before exhaustion of the dye liquor is approached, removing excess liquor, and fixing the dye on the fibres by drying or exposing to water vapour or steam at a temperature above 40 DEG C., e.g. at 90-140 DEG C. Surface active dyes are those which in solution have an equilibrium surface tension with air of less than about 60 dynes per centimetre at 20 DEG C. A small quantity of electrolyte which does not precipitate the dye may be added to the dye liquor, and the dyeing may be improved by charging the fibres positively by treatment with a cationic surface active agent. In examples: (1) knitted wool fabric is immersed in a dyebath containing Carbolan Crimson BS and ammonium acetate at 25 DEG C., removed, squeezed and dried at 80 DEG C.; (2) and (3) wool yarn is immersed in a dyebath containing Carbolan Violet 2RS, or Carbolan Yellow 3GS at 22 DEG C., withdrawn, extracted with a centrifuge and steamed at 105 DEG C.; (4) and (5) nylon or cotton fabric is immersed in a dyebath containing Carbolan Crimson BS and ammonium acetate at 22 DEG C., and finished as in (2), (6) wool is pretreated in a solution of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, rinsed, and dyed as in (1), and (7) the whole process of (6) is repeated four times to get a deeper shade.
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