| abstract |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excellent electrophotographic photosensitive member with high sensitivity and low residual potential, and to reduce image density without deteriorating low residual potential while maintaining high sensitivity even when used repeatedly for a long time. And an electrophotographic apparatus and a process cartridge capable of obtaining a good image free of background stains. In a laminated electrophotographic photosensitive member in which at least an intermediate layer and a charge generation layer are formed on a conductive substrate, the intermediate layer contains metal oxide fine particles, and the intermediate layer and the charge generation layer are An anthraquinone derivative is contained, and when the intermediate layer is applied with an electric field of 10 6 V / m at 28 ° C. and a humidity of 85% RH, it is 1 × 10 8 Ω · cm or more and 1 × 10 13 Ω · cm or less. An electrophotographic photosensitive member characterized by exhibiting volume resistance, and a process cartridge and an image forming apparatus using the same. . [Selection figure] None |