| abstract |
Lithium ion batteries and cells, as well as operating and testing methods are provided, which utilize a transparent pouch to monitor the battery in operational condition and/or in operation. Covers may be used to prevent illumination of battery components when testing is not required, and the covers may be removed or have modifiable transparency configured to enable visual monitoring. Indicators in the transparent pouch may be associated with cell components such as electrodes and electrolyte to indicate their condition. For example, the transparent pouch may be used to monitor battery safety, e.g., by enabling to monitor lithium metallization on an anode (directly or via indicators), monitor battery lifetime and other operational parameters, without having to damage the battery. |