| abstract |
Shaped waterproofing membranes having three-dimensional contours are useful for the 'reverse tanking' waterproofing of detail areas such as those presented by 'tiebacks,' pipes, pile caps, and other irregularities that occur on concrete formworks and other civil construction or building surfaces. A preferred method for making such membranes is to thermoform a membrane laminate, having a carrier support sheet, waterproofing adhesive, and optionally a protective coating layer, as a single unit. |