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- Ông Io̍k-tek (王育德, Taiwanese: Ông Io̍k-tek; pinyin: Wáng Yùdé; Wade–Giles: Wang Yü-te; 30 January 1924–9 September 1985) was a Taiwanese scholar and early leader of the Taiwan independence movement. He is considered to be an authority on the Min Nan language family and the Taiwanese language. He was born in Tainan Prefecture (modern-day Tainan), during Japanese rule, of a prominent family. He attended Tokyo Imperial University in 1943 but the ongoing World War II compelled him to return to Taiwan after a year. Following the war and handover of Taiwan he took a critical attitude toward the Kuomintang, one accentuated by the killing of his brother, , a Tokyo-educated prosecutor, in the February 28 Incident. His own life threatened by the new regime, he fled to Japan in 1949 and spent the rest of his life there in addition to various other places. He resumed his studies in May 1950, and after completing his Ph.D. in 1969 at the University of Tokyo, he later taught Taiwanese at Meiji University in 1974. He also played a leading role in garnering support for the Taiwan independence movement within Japan. As a student he had joined Thomas Liao's but became dissatisfied with it after two years. He established the in 1960 and published the organization's influential monthly in Japanese (later for a time in Chinese) and in English. The Taiwan Youth Association later changed its name to the Taiwan Youth Independence League. In the 1970s he was a leader in the campaign to secure compensation for the 200,000 Taiwanese who had served as soldiers under the Imperial Japanese military. In 1982 he served as a committee member of the Formosan Association for Public Affairs. Ong argued that Han people were a folk, and not a nation, and that Hakka and Hoklos are smaller folks within the Han. Ong further argued that after Japan modernized Taiwan, the Taiwanese nation was established with Taiwan being pre-national as the Japanese ruled it, and that modern capitalism creates a nation. Ong argued that Taiwanese people can become a nation within the state container if Taiwan becomes an independent state. , author of Taiwanese Nationalism: Situation Dependency and Elite Games, said that Ong's view of a nation is that it is "the modern construction of state" and that his concept "responded to the modernity of nationalism". Chai added that "Ong's Taiwanese nationalism theory indicates that nationalism precedes nation, and without a state, there could be no nation." Chai added that Ong and Thomas Liao were both perceived as Mainlanders in Taiwan and Chinese people in Mainland China, and hence were viewed as oppressors of Taiwanese people and non-Taiwanese. Chai explained that Ong placed emphasis on the "political construction" while Liao placed emphasis on "primordial criteria". In regards to reception to Ong's ideas, Chai said that Taiwanese people at the time of Ong's active period did believe they were a folk of Han people, even though they did have a strong provincial identity. Chai added that "Ong's argument was especially convincing to Holos [sic], but it is problematic when applied to indigenous peoples. Following his rationale, the different indigenous tribes also have to [sic] right to build their state to form their own nations." (en)
- 王育徳（おう いくとく、1924年1月30日 – 1985年9月9日）は、台湾出身の言語学者。日本で台湾語や中国語諸方言の研究を行うかたわら、国民党独裁政権下で台湾独立運動を行った。は明治大学の講師の職につき、のちに助教授・教授を歴任した。 (ja)
- 王育德（臺灣話：Ông Io̍k-tek，1924年1月30日－1985年9月9日），臺灣作家、語言學家，東京大學文學博士。明治大學講師、助理教授、教授。埼玉大學講師、東京都立大學講師。國際台語研究權威，戰後台灣獨立運動重要領袖之一，亦為日本「台灣青年社」及其機關刊物《台灣青年》之創辦者，是應二二八事件而起的戰後第一代台灣獨立運動人士中的代表性人物。 胞兄王育霖為台灣律師，擔任新竹地檢署檢察官任內期間，因以貪污罪名起訴新竹市長而受到政治壓力被迫辭職。如果說王育霖或者是廖文毅是想在政治上有一番作為的話，王育德則是和他們兩者截然不同。他毫無政治野心，他之所以投入台灣獨立運動，乃是對國民黨這個新政權在政治、經濟及文化上的多方壓迫深感不滿，而終於想奮力抵抗。王育德對台灣獨立運動的參與，對戰後這一代之台灣獨立思想的形成，有極大的影響。 (zh)
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- authority on Taiwanese language (en)
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- 王育徳（おう いくとく、1924年1月30日 – 1985年9月9日）は、台湾出身の言語学者。日本で台湾語や中国語諸方言の研究を行うかたわら、国民党独裁政権下で台湾独立運動を行った。は明治大学の講師の職につき、のちに助教授・教授を歴任した。 (ja)
- 王育德（臺灣話：Ông Io̍k-tek，1924年1月30日－1985年9月9日），臺灣作家、語言學家，東京大學文學博士。明治大學講師、助理教授、教授。埼玉大學講師、東京都立大學講師。國際台語研究權威，戰後台灣獨立運動重要領袖之一，亦為日本「台灣青年社」及其機關刊物《台灣青年》之創辦者，是應二二八事件而起的戰後第一代台灣獨立運動人士中的代表性人物。 胞兄王育霖為台灣律師，擔任新竹地檢署檢察官任內期間，因以貪污罪名起訴新竹市長而受到政治壓力被迫辭職。如果說王育霖或者是廖文毅是想在政治上有一番作為的話，王育德則是和他們兩者截然不同。他毫無政治野心，他之所以投入台灣獨立運動，乃是對國民黨這個新政權在政治、經濟及文化上的多方壓迫深感不滿，而終於想奮力抵抗。王育德對台灣獨立運動的參與，對戰後這一代之台灣獨立思想的形成，有極大的影響。 (zh)
- Ông Io̍k-tek (王育德, Taiwanese: Ông Io̍k-tek; pinyin: Wáng Yùdé; Wade–Giles: Wang Yü-te; 30 January 1924–9 September 1985) was a Taiwanese scholar and early leader of the Taiwan independence movement. He is considered to be an authority on the Min Nan language family and the Taiwanese language. He resumed his studies in May 1950, and after completing his Ph.D. in 1969 at the University of Tokyo, he later taught Taiwanese at Meiji University in 1974. (en)
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- 王育徳 (ja)
- Ong Iok-tek (en)
- 王育德 (zh)
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