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- Roger Bastide (* 1. April 1898 in Nîmes; † 10. April 1974 in Maisons-Laffitte) war ein französischer Soziologe und Anthropologe, spezialisiert auf die Soziologie und Literatur Brasiliens. Im Jahr 1938 nahm er den Lehrstuhl für Soziologie an der neuen Universität von São Paulo ein. Als Professor für Soziologie von 1938 bis 1957 veröffentlichte er zahlreiche Artikel und Studien in portugiesischer Sprache mit Schwerpunkt auf afrikanischen Religionen in Brasilien und Afrika. 1950 wurde er Professor der Ethnologie und Religionssoziologie an der Sorbonne und veröffentlichte zu den Themen Soziologie und Psychoanalyse. Er leitete die Zeitschrift L’Année Sociologique 1962 bis 1974, das Zentrum für Soziale Psychiatrie und das Laboratorium für Soziologie des Wissens. Seine neueren Arbeiten befassen sich mit psychischen Erkrankungen unter Afrikanern und Bewohnern der Antillen, die in Frankreich leben, und mit dem adaptiven Verhalten der ehemaligen Deportierten, zu denen er eine Fülle von Unterlagen sammelte. (de)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1 April 1898 – Maisons-Laffitte, 10 April 1974) was a French sociologist and anthropologist, specialist in sociology and Brazilian literature. He was raised as a Protestant and studied philosophy in France, developing at the same time an interest for sociological issues. His first sociological field research, in 1930–31, was about immigrants from Armenia to Valence, France. As scholars later noticed, already in his first works about the Armenians he was interested in how the memory of a different culture survives when a group of people moves to a faraway land, a theme that will become crucial in his studies of African populations in Brazil. In 1938, the University of São Paulo asked him to succeed Claude Lévi-Strauss in its chair of Sociology. He remained in Brazil until 1957, and in 1958 moved back to France, where he became a professor of Sociology of religion at the Sorbonne University. In 1958, shortly before starting his course at the Sorbonne, Bastide had made his first research trip to Africa, exploring the traditional religions of Dahomey and Nigeria. Bastide devoted the last part of his career to social psychology. In 1959, he created in Paris the Center for Social Psychiatry. After the death of Georges Gurvitch in 1965, he also became the director of the Paris Center for the Sociology of Knowledge.He retired from his teaching position at the Sorbonne in 1968. In 1973, one year before his death, he visited Brazil for the last time. Bastide is known for his contributions to the study of Afro-Brazilian and . Bastide's "The African Religions of Brazil: Toward a Sociology of the Interpenetration of Civilizations" (1960) documented Afro-Brazilian religions such as Catimbo, Xango, Candomblé, Macumba, Umbanda, and Batuques. Bastide also published "Le Candomblé de Bahia" (1958) and "African Civilizations in the New World", translated in 1971. Bastide came to an “identification” with Candomblé practitioners, both religiously and emotionally, famously claiming “Africanus sum,” “I am an African.” This was criticized by a later generation of scholars as depriving him of the necessary objectivity. On the other hand, with all his sympathy for Candomblé, Bastide ended up proposing “an historicist model in which candomblé is almost inevitably converted into umbanda or disaggregated into macumba.” Indeed, he regarded as a “privilege” to have been able to witness in Brazil the birth of Umbanda as a new religion. An unintended effect of Bastide’s work on, and sympathy for, Candomblé is that his books were read by practitioners of Candomblé themselves, contributing to the “codification” if not, as some scholars argue, to a new “invention of candomblé” in the 20th century. An important, if controversial, sociological contribution of Bastide is his description of syncretism. At the core of his interpretation of syncretism is the “principle of compartmentalization” (principe de coupure), which “allows for the alternation or cohabitation, in a single individual or within a single group, of logics or categories that are supposedly otherwise incompatible and irreducible.” For instance, one can be both a Catholic and a practitioner of Candomblé: the two “compartments” live together, without merging, in the same individual, who does not see the coexistence as problematic. Only if he or she reflects about the contradictions, the individual moves to a “formal acculturation,” a second level of syncretism were the two previously separated religious world-views uneasily merge. The character Agliè in Umberto Eco's Foucault's Pendulum bears resemblance to Roger Bastide. (en)
- Roger Bastide, né le 1er avril 1898 à Nîmes et mort le 10 avril 1974 à Maisons-Laffitte, était sociologue et anthropologue français, spécialiste de sociologie et de la littérature brésilienne. (fr)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1º aprile 1898 – Maisons-Laffitte, 10 aprile 1974) è stato un sociologo e antropologo francese. (it)
- Roger Bastide (ur. w Nîmes, 1 kwietnia 1898, zm. w Maisons-Laffitte, 10 kwietnia 1974) – francuski antropolog kulturowy, socjolog, specjalizujący się w tematyce społecznej Brazylii (zwracał uwagę np. na empobrecimento cultural -,,zubożenie kultury" i – ,,wybielanie się czarnego społeczeństwa"). Był członkiem misji francuskiej na Universidade de São Paulo, doktorem honoris causa na tymże uniwersytecie. W swoich pracach zastanawiał się m.in. nad rolą psychoanalizy w socjologicznych badaniach światopoglądów. (pl)
- Роже́ Басти́д (фр. Roger Bastide, 1 апреля 1898, Ним — 10 апреля 1974, Мезон-Лафит, Ивелин) — французский антрополог и социолог, специалист по экстатическим верованиям Латинской Америки и Африки. (ru)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1 de abril de 1898 — Maisons-Laffitte, 10 de abril de 1974) foi um sociólogo francês. Em 1938 veio, com outros professores europeus, à recém-criada Universidade de São Paulo para ocupar a cátedra de sociologia. No Brasil, estudou durante muitos anos as religiões afro-brasileiras, tornando-se um iniciado no candomblé da Bahia. Apesar de ser membro da Primeira Igreja Presbiteriana Independente de São Paulo, o sociólogo iniciou-se no Candomblé como filho de Xangô. Uma de suas obras mais importantes é O Candomblé da Bahia, reeditada em 2001 pela editora Companhia das Letras. Outra obra que merece destaque é As Américas negras: as civilizações africanas no Novo Mundo, editada pela EDUSP em 1974. (pt)
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- Roger Bastide, né le 1er avril 1898 à Nîmes et mort le 10 avril 1974 à Maisons-Laffitte, était sociologue et anthropologue français, spécialiste de sociologie et de la littérature brésilienne. (fr)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1º aprile 1898 – Maisons-Laffitte, 10 aprile 1974) è stato un sociologo e antropologo francese. (it)
- Roger Bastide (ur. w Nîmes, 1 kwietnia 1898, zm. w Maisons-Laffitte, 10 kwietnia 1974) – francuski antropolog kulturowy, socjolog, specjalizujący się w tematyce społecznej Brazylii (zwracał uwagę np. na empobrecimento cultural -,,zubożenie kultury" i – ,,wybielanie się czarnego społeczeństwa"). Był członkiem misji francuskiej na Universidade de São Paulo, doktorem honoris causa na tymże uniwersytecie. W swoich pracach zastanawiał się m.in. nad rolą psychoanalizy w socjologicznych badaniach światopoglądów. (pl)
- Роже́ Басти́д (фр. Roger Bastide, 1 апреля 1898, Ним — 10 апреля 1974, Мезон-Лафит, Ивелин) — французский антрополог и социолог, специалист по экстатическим верованиям Латинской Америки и Африки. (ru)
- Roger Bastide (* 1. April 1898 in Nîmes; † 10. April 1974 in Maisons-Laffitte) war ein französischer Soziologe und Anthropologe, spezialisiert auf die Soziologie und Literatur Brasiliens. Im Jahr 1938 nahm er den Lehrstuhl für Soziologie an der neuen Universität von São Paulo ein. Als Professor für Soziologie von 1938 bis 1957 veröffentlichte er zahlreiche Artikel und Studien in portugiesischer Sprache mit Schwerpunkt auf afrikanischen Religionen in Brasilien und Afrika. (de)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1 April 1898 – Maisons-Laffitte, 10 April 1974) was a French sociologist and anthropologist, specialist in sociology and Brazilian literature. He was raised as a Protestant and studied philosophy in France, developing at the same time an interest for sociological issues. His first sociological field research, in 1930–31, was about immigrants from Armenia to Valence, France. As scholars later noticed, already in his first works about the Armenians he was interested in how the memory of a different culture survives when a group of people moves to a faraway land, a theme that will become crucial in his studies of African populations in Brazil. (en)
- Roger Bastide (Nîmes, 1 de abril de 1898 — Maisons-Laffitte, 10 de abril de 1974) foi um sociólogo francês. Em 1938 veio, com outros professores europeus, à recém-criada Universidade de São Paulo para ocupar a cátedra de sociologia. No Brasil, estudou durante muitos anos as religiões afro-brasileiras, tornando-se um iniciado no candomblé da Bahia. Apesar de ser membro da Primeira Igreja Presbiteriana Independente de São Paulo, o sociólogo iniciou-se no Candomblé como filho de Xangô. (pt)
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