About: Stoic logic

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Stoic logic is the system of propositional logic developed by the Stoic philosophers in ancient Greece. It was one of the two great systems of logic in the classical world. It was largely built and shaped by Chrysippus, the third head of the Stoic school in the 3rd-century BCE. Chrysippus's logic differed from Aristotle's term logic because it was based on the analysis of propositions rather than terms. The smallest unit in Stoic logic is an assertible (the Stoic equivalent of a proposition) which is the content of a statement such as "it is day". Assertibles have a truth-value such that they are only true or false depending on when it was expressed (e.g. the assertible "it is night" will only be true if it is true that it is night). In contrast, Aristollean propositions strongly affirm o

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  • La lógica estoica es el sistema de lógica proposicional desarrollado por los filósofos del estoicismo en la antigua Grecia. Fue uno de los dos grandes sistemas de lógica del mundo clásico. Fue construido y moldeado en gran parte por Crisipo de Solos, el tercer director de la escuela estoica en el siglo III a. C. La lógica de Crisipo difería de la lógica del término de Aristóteles porque se basaba en el análisis de proposición en lugar de términos. La unidad más pequeña en la lógica estoica es un "afirmable" (el equivalente estoico de una proposición) que es el contenido de un enunciado como "es el día". Los afirmables tienen un valor de verdad tal que solo son verdaderos o falsos dependiendo de cuándo se expresaron (por ejemplo, el afirmable "es de noche" solo será verdadero si es cierto que es de noche).​ En contraste, las proposiciones aristotélicas afirman o niegan fuertemente un predicado de un sujeto y buscan que su verdad en que sea validada o falsificada. Los asertivos compuestos se pueden construir a partir de simples mediante el uso de conectivos lógicos. La silogística resultante se basaba en cinco argumentos básicos indemostrables a los que se afirmaba que todos los demás silogismos eran reducibles. Hacia el final de la antigüedad, la lógica estoica fue descuidada en favor de la lógica de Aristóteles y, como resultado, los escritos estoicos sobre lógica no sobrevivieron, y los únicos relatos fueron informes incompletos de otros escritores. El conocimiento sobre la lógica estoica como sistema se perdió hasta el siglo XX, cuando los lógicos familiarizados con el cálculo proposicional moderno revaluaron los escritos antiguos de este. (es)
  • Stoic logic is the system of propositional logic developed by the Stoic philosophers in ancient Greece. It was one of the two great systems of logic in the classical world. It was largely built and shaped by Chrysippus, the third head of the Stoic school in the 3rd-century BCE. Chrysippus's logic differed from Aristotle's term logic because it was based on the analysis of propositions rather than terms. The smallest unit in Stoic logic is an assertible (the Stoic equivalent of a proposition) which is the content of a statement such as "it is day". Assertibles have a truth-value such that they are only true or false depending on when it was expressed (e.g. the assertible "it is night" will only be true if it is true that it is night). In contrast, Aristollean propositions strongly affirm or deny a predicate of a subject and seek to have its truth validated or falsified independent of context. Compound assertibles can be built up from simple ones through the use of logical connectives. The resulting syllogistic was grounded on five basic indemonstrable arguments to which all other syllogisms were claimed to be reducible. Towards the end of antiquity Stoic logic was neglected in favour of Aristotle's logic, and as a result the Stoic writings on logic did not survive, and the only accounts of it were incomplete reports by other writers. Knowledge about Stoic logic as a system was lost until the 20th century, when logicians familiar with the modern propositional calculus reappraised the ancient accounts of it. (en)
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  • Why should not the philosopher develop his own reason? You turn to vessels of crystal, I to the syllogism called The Liar; you to myrrhine glassware, I to the syllogism called The Denyer. (en)
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  • –Epictetus, Discourses, iii.9.20 (en)
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  • La lógica estoica es el sistema de lógica proposicional desarrollado por los filósofos del estoicismo en la antigua Grecia. Fue uno de los dos grandes sistemas de lógica del mundo clásico. Fue construido y moldeado en gran parte por Crisipo de Solos, el tercer director de la escuela estoica en el siglo III a. C. La lógica de Crisipo difería de la lógica del término de Aristóteles porque se basaba en el análisis de proposición en lugar de términos. La unidad más pequeña en la lógica estoica es un "afirmable" (el equivalente estoico de una proposición) que es el contenido de un enunciado como "es el día". Los afirmables tienen un valor de verdad tal que solo son verdaderos o falsos dependiendo de cuándo se expresaron (por ejemplo, el afirmable "es de noche" solo será verdadero si es cierto q (es)
  • Stoic logic is the system of propositional logic developed by the Stoic philosophers in ancient Greece. It was one of the two great systems of logic in the classical world. It was largely built and shaped by Chrysippus, the third head of the Stoic school in the 3rd-century BCE. Chrysippus's logic differed from Aristotle's term logic because it was based on the analysis of propositions rather than terms. The smallest unit in Stoic logic is an assertible (the Stoic equivalent of a proposition) which is the content of a statement such as "it is day". Assertibles have a truth-value such that they are only true or false depending on when it was expressed (e.g. the assertible "it is night" will only be true if it is true that it is night). In contrast, Aristollean propositions strongly affirm o (en)
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  • Lógica estoica (es)
  • Stoic logic (en)
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