Canaano-Akkadian language

Canaano-Akkadian is an ancient Semitic language which was the written language of the Amarna letters from Canaan.[1][2] It is a mixed language with mainly Akkadian vocabulary and Canaanite grammatical features. It used the cuneiform writing system of the Akkadian language.

Canaano-Akkadian
RegionCanaan
Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform
Language codes
ISO 639-3

Linguistic features

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Canaano-Akkadian combined the Akkadian lexicon with Canaanite grammar, which influenced the syntax and morphology of the language. As such, the hybridization manifested in numerous ways, including:[1]

  • Akkadian verbs were conjugated using Canaanite verb affixes, using the Akkadian term's 3MS form as the base.
  • a change i > e, seen in Canaano-Akkadian edin, for Akkadian idin, "give!".
  • elision of vowels between the root radicals r and b, seen in CA tîrbu for Akk. têrubu, "you enter".
  • a change -Vn > -CV in words which end with the energic marker -(n)na followed by a suffix or enclitic participle, seen in CA ištimûš+šu for Akk. ištemun+šu, "I have heard it"; and CA nûbbalûš+šu for Akk. nubbalun+šu, "we must bring him".

References

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  1. ^ a b Izre'el, Sh. "Canaano-Akkadian: Some Methodological Requisites for the Study of the Amarna Letters from Canaan" (PDF).
  2. ^ Izre'el, Sh. (1998). Canaano-Akkadian. Lincom Europa.