Flora of New York

Flora noveboracensis

from clubmoss to cornsalad

Flora of New York is a guide to the vascular plants (or tracheophytes) found growing without cultivation in New York State, with an emphasis on showing which plants are native to the New York region, which plants have been introduced from elsewhere, where in the state the plants are likely to be found, and how likely they are to be found.
	Table of contents Contributors Preface Introduction Genus index Protected species index Invasive species index Excluded species General references Legends Glossary

Lycopodiopsida

Class	Order	Family	Subfamily	Genus	Common names	#
Lycopodiopsida (lycophytes)	Lycopodiales	Lycopodiaceae	Lycopodielloideae	Lycopodiella	bog clubmoss	5
			Lycopodielloideae	Pseudolycopodiella	false bog clubmoss	1
			Lycopodioideae	Lycopodium	clubmoss	2
				Dendrolycopodium	tree clubmoss	3
				Spinulum	interrupted clubmoss	3
				Diphasiastrum	ground cedar	7
			Huperzioideae	Huperzia	firmoss	5
	Isoetales	Isoetaceae	—	Isoetes	quillwort	8
	Selaginellales	Selaginellaceae	—	Selaginella	spikemoss	3

Polypodiopsida

Subclass	Order	Suborder	Family	Subfamily	Genus	Subgenus	Common names	#
Equisetidae	Equisetales	—	Equisetaceae	—	Equisetum	Equisetum	horsetail	6
Equisetidae	Equisetales	—	Equisetaceae	—	Equisetum	Hippochaete	scouring rush	7
Ophioglossidae	Ophioglossales	—	Ophioglossaceae	Botrychioideae	Botrychium	Botrychium	moonwort, grape fern	8
						Osmundopteris	rattlesnake fern	1
						Sceptridium	evergreen grapefern	4
				Ophioglossoideae	Ophioglossum		adder's tongue	1
Polypodiidae (leptosporangiate ferns)	Osmundales	—	Osmundaceae	—	Osmundastrum		cinnamon fern	1
					Osmunda	Claytosmunda	interrupted fern	1
					Osmunda	Osmunda	royal fern	1
	Hymenophyllales	—	Hymenophyllaceae	Trichomanoideae	Crepidomanes		grotto felt, weft fern	1
	Schizaeales	—	Lygodiaceae	—	Lygodium		climbing fern	1
	Schizaeales	—	Schizaeaceae	—	Schizaea		curlygrass fern	1
	Salviniales	—	Salviniaceae	—	Azolla		mosquitofern	1
			Salviniaceae	—	Salvinia		watermoss, floatingfern	x
			Marsileaceae	—	Marsilea		waterclover, waterfern	1
	Polypodiales	Dennstaedtiineae	Dennstaedtiaceae	—	Dennstaedtia		hay-scented fern	1
		Dennstaedtiineae	Dennstaedtiaceae	—	Pteridium		brackenfern	2
		Pteridineae	Pteridaceae	Cryptogrammoideae	Cryptogramma		rock brake	1
				Pteridoideae	Pteris		brake fern	x
				Cheilanthoideae	Pellaea		cliff brake	2
				Cheilanthoideae	Cheilanthes		lip fern	1
				Vittarioideae	Adiantum		maidenhair-fern	1
				Vittarioideae	Vittaria		ribbon fern	1
		Aspleniineae	Cystopteridaceae	—	Cystopteris		bladder fern	5
			Cystopteridaceae	—	Gymnocarpium		oak fern	2
			Diplaziopsidaceae	—	Homalosorus		glade fern	1
			Aspleniaceae	—	Asplenium		spleenwort	10
			Thelypteridaceae	Phegopteridoideae	Phegopteris		beech fern	2
			Thelypteridaceae	Thelypteridoideae	Thelypteris		marsh fern, New York fern	3
			Woodsiaceae	—	Woodsia		cliff fern	5
			Onocleaceae	—	Onoclea		sensitive fern	1
			Onocleaceae	—	Matteuccia		ostrich fern	1
			Blechnaceae	Woodwardioideae	Anchistea		Virginia chainfern	1
			Blechnaceae	Woodwardioideae	Lorinseria		netted chainfern	1
			Athyriaceae	—	Deparia		false spleenwort	1
			Athyriaceae	—	Athyrium		lady fern	3
		Polypodiineae	Dryopteridaceae	Dryopteridoideae	Cyrtomium		netvein hollyfern	x
					Dryopteris		woodfern	30
					Polystichum		hollyfern	5
			Polypodiaceae	Polypodioideae	Polypodium		polypody, rockcap fern	3
			Polypodiaceae	Polypodioideae	Pleopeltis		resurrection fern	x

Acrogymnospermae

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Genus	Common names	#
gymnosperms	Ginkgoales	Ginkgoaceae	—	Ginkgo	maidenhair tree, ginkgo	1
	Pinales	Pinaceae	Pinoideae	Pinus subg. Strobus	soft pine	1
			Pinoideae	Pinus subg. Pinus	hard pines	8
			Piceoideae	Picea	spruce	5
			Laricoideae	Pseudotsuga	Douglas-fir	1
			Laricoideae	Larix	larch, tamarack	3
			Abietoideae	Tsuga	hemlock	1
			Abietoideae	Abies	fir (true firs)	4
		Cupressaceae	Taxodioideae	Taxodium	cypress	1
			Cupressoideae	Thuja	arborvitae, white-cedar	1
				Juniperus	juniper, red-cedar	4
				Chamaecyparis	cedar, false cypress	2
		Taxaceae	—	Taxus	yew	3

Magnoliidae

Angiosperm introduction: Flora of New York/Clade angiosperms and Flora of New York/Clade Magnoliidae.

basal angiosperms & magnoliids

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Genus	Common name(s)	#
basal angiosperms	Nymphaeales	Cabombaceae	—	Brasenia	water-shield, wendock	1
		Cabombaceae	—	Cabomba	fanwort, watershield	1
		Nymphaeaceae	Nupharoideae	Nuphar	yellow pond lily, spatterdock	4
		Nymphaeaceae	Nymphaeoideae	Nymphaea	white waterlily	2
magnoliids	Piperales	Aristolochiaceae	Asaroideae	Asarum	wild ginger	1
			Asaroideae	Hexastylis	heartleaf	1
			Aristolochioideae	Endodeca	snakeroot, serpentary	1
				Isotrema	dutchman's pipe, pipevine	2
				Aristolochia	birthwort, heartwort	1
		Saururaceae	—	Saururus	lizard's tail, water-dragon, swamp root	1
	Laurales	Calycanthaceae	—	Calycanthus	sweet-shrub, strawberry bush	2
		Lauraceae	—	Lindera	spicebush	1
				Sassafras	sassafras, ague tree, mitten tree	1
				Persea	avocado	1
	Magnoliales	Magnoliaceae	—	Magnolia	magnolia, cucumber tree, sweet-bay	5
		Magnoliaceae	—	Liriodendron	tulip tree, tulip poplar, yellow poplar	1
		Annonaceae	Annonoideae	Asimina	pawpaw, dog banana, Indian banana	1

alismatid monocots

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
alismatid monocots	Acorales	Acoraceae	—	—	Acorus	sweetflag	2
	Alismatales	Araceae	Orontioideae	Orontieae	Orontium	goldenclub	1
			Orontioideae	Symplocarpeae	Symplocarpus	skunk cabbage	1
			Lemnoideae	—	Spirodela	duckmeat	1
					Lemna	duckweed	5
					Wolffia	watermeal	3
			Aroideae	Calleae	Calla	callalily	1
				Peltandreae	Peltandra	arrow-arum	1
				Arisaemateae	Arisaema	Jack-in-the-pulpit	5
				Arisaemateae	Pinellia	pinellia	1
				Pistieae	Pistia	water-lettuce	1
		Tofieldiaceae	—	—	Triantha	tofieldia, false asphodel	1
		Hydrocharitaceae	Hydrocharitoideae	—	Egeria	waterweed	1
					Hydrocharis	frogbit	1
					Limnobium	spongeplant	1
			Anacharidoideae	—	Elodea	waterweed	3
			Hydrilloideae	—	Najas	waternymph, naiad	8
					Hydrilla	water-thyme	1
					Vallisneria	eelgrass	1
		Butomaceae	—	—	Butomus	flowering rush	1
		Alismataceae	—	—	Sagittaria	arrowhead	9
					Alisma	water-plantiain	12
					Helanthium	burhead	1
		Scheuchzeriaceae	—	—	Scheuchzeria	rannoch-rush	1
		Juncaginaceae	Juncaginoideae	—	Triglochin	arrowgrass	2
		Ruppiaceae	—	—	Ruppia	ditch-grass	1
		Zosteraceae	—	—	Zostera	eelgrass	1
		Potamogetonaceae	—	Potamogetoneae	Potamogeton	pondweed	36
				Potamogetoneae	Stuckenia	fineleaf pondweed	2
				Zannichellieae	Zannichellia	horned pondweed	1

lilioid monocots

Superorder	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
lilioid monocots	Dioscoreales	Nartheciaceae	—	—	Aletris	colic root	1
		Nartheciaceae	—	—	Narthecium	asphodel	x
		Dioscoreaceae	Dioscoreoideae	—	Dioscorea	yam	2
	Liliales	Colchicaceae	—	Uvularieae	Uvularia	bellwort	4
		Colchicaceae	—	Colchiceae	Colchium	autumn crocus	x
		Melanthiaceae	—	Melanthieae	Melanthium	bunchflower	2
					Veratrum	false hellebore	1
					Anticlea	death camas	1
					Amianthium	fly poison	1
					Stenanthium	featherbells	6
				Heloniadeae	Helonias	swamp pink	1
				Chionographideae	Chamaelirium	fairywand, devil's bit	1
				Parideae	Trillium	trillium, wake-robin	7
		Smilacaceae	—	—	Smilax	greenbrier	7
		Liliaceae	Calochortoideae	—	Streptopus	twisted stalk	2
			Calochortoideae	—	Prosartes	fairy bells	1
			Medeoloideae	—	Clintonia	bluebead	1
			Medeoloideae	—	Medeola	Indian cucumber	2
			Lilioideae	Tulipeae	Tulipa	wild tulip	1
				Lilieae	Erythronium	trout lily	2
				Lilieae	Lilium	lily	6
	Asparagales	Orchidaceae	Vanilloideae	Pogonieae	Pogonia	snakemouth orchid	3
			Vanilloideae	Pogonieae	Isotria	fiveleaf orchid	3
			Cypripedioideae	—	Cypripedium	lady's slipper	7
			Epidendroideae	Neottieae	Epipactis	helleborine	2
				Neottieae	Neottia	twayblade	4
				Triphoreae	Triphora	noddingcaps	1
				Arethuseae	Arethusa	dragon's mouth	2
				Malaxideae	Liparis	widelip-orchid	2
				Malaxideae	Malaxis	adder's-mouth-orchid	3
				Maxillarieae	Corallorhiza	coralroot	6
				Maxillarieae	Aplectrum	Adam and Eve	1
				Calypsoeae	Calypso	fairy slipper	1
				Calypsoeae	Tipularia	cranefly orchid	1
			Orchidoideae	Orchideae	Amerorchis	roundleaf orchis	1
					Coeloglossum	frog-orchid	1
					Galearis	galearis	1
					Platanthera	fringed-orchid	18
				Cranichideae	Goodyera	rattlesnake-plantain	3
				Cranichideae	Spiranthes	ladies'-tresses	14
		Hypoxidaceae	—	—	Hypoxis	eastern yellow stargrass	1
		Iridaceae	Iridoideae	Irideae	Iris	iris	10
			Iridoideae	Sisyrinchieae	Sisyrinchium	blue-eyed grass	7
			Crocoideae	Ixiae	Crocus	crocus	4
		Asphodelaceae	Hemerocallidoieae	Hemerocallideae	Hemerocallis	daylily	2
		Amaryllidaceae	Allioideae	Allieae	Allium	garlic, onion, leek, chives	14
			Amaryllidoideae	Narcisseae	Narcissus	daffodil	4
				Galantheae	Galanthus	snowdrop	2
				Galantheae	Leucojum	snowflake	1
		Asparagaceae	Scilloideae	Ornithogaleae	Ornithogalum	star-of-Bethlehem	2
				Hyacintheae	Chionodoxa	glory of the snow	1
					Hyacinthoides	English-bluebell	2
					Muscari	grape-hyacinth	1
					Scilla	squill	1
			Agavoideae	Agaveae	Yucca	Adam's needle	1
					Hosta	plantain lily	4
					Camassia	Atlantic camas	0
			Asparagoideae	—	Asparagus	asparagus	1
			Nolinoideae	Convallarieae	Convallaria	lily-of-the-valley	2
				Polygonateae	Maianthemum	mayflower	4
				Polygonateae	Polygonatum	Solomon's-seal	3

commelinid monocots

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genus	Common name	#
angiosperms monocots commelinids	Poales: bromeliads	Typhaceae	—	—	—	Typha	cattail	3
	Poales: bromeliads	Typhaceae	—	—	—	Sparganium	bur-reed	7
	Poales: xyrids	Eriocaulaceae	Eriocauloideae	—	—	Eriocaulon	pipewort	2
	Poales: xyrids	Xyridaceae	Xyridoideae	—	—	Xyris	yellow-eyed grass	5
	Poales: cyperids	Juncaceae	—	—	—	Luzula	woodrush	8
						Juncus	rush	36
						Oreouncus	highland rush	1
		Cyperaceae	Cyperoideae	Cladieae	—	Cladium	sawgrass, twig rush	1
				Sclerieae	—	Scleria	nutrush, nutsedge	6
				Rhynchosporeae	—	Rhynchospora	beaksedge	13
				Dulichieae	—	Dulichium	threeway sedge	1
				Scirpeae	—	Eriophorum	cottongrass	5
						Scirpus	bulrush	19
						Trichophorum	bulrush	4
				Cariceae	—	Carex	sedge	226
				Abildgaardieae	—	Bulbostylis	hair sedge	1
				Abildgaardieae	—	Fimbristylis	fimbry	3
				Fuireneae	—	Bolboschoenus	tuberous bulrush	7
						Fuirena	umbrella sedge	2
						Schoenoplectus	bulrush	10
				Eleocharideae	—	Eleocharis	spikerush	29
				Cypereae	—	Cyperus	flatsedge, spikesedge	36
	Poales: graminids	Poaceae BOP clade	Oryzoideae	Oryzeae	Oryzinae	Leersia	cut grass	3
			Oryzoideae	Oryzeae	Zizaniinae	Zizania	wild rice	2
			Bambusoideae	Arundinarieae	Arundinariinae	Arundinaria	cane	2
						Phyllostachys	bamboo	2
						Pseudosasa	arrow bamboo	2
			Pooideae	Brachyelytreae	—	Brachyelytrum	short-husk	2
				Nardeae	—	Nardus	mat grass	1
				Meliceae	—	Glyceria	manna grass	11
						Melica	melicgrass	1
						Schizachne	false melic	1
				Stipeae	—	Oryzopsis	rice grass	1
						Patis	rice grass	1
						Piptatheropsis	rice grass	2
						Piptochaetium	spear grass	1
						Hesperostipa	needle-and-thread	1
						Nassella	needle grass	1
				Diarrheneae	—	Diarrhena	beakgrain	1
				Brachypodieae	—	Brachypodium	false brome	1
				Bromeae	—	Bromus	brome	26
				Triticeae	Hordeinae	Agropyron	wheat grass	1
						Elymus	wild rye	24
						Eremopyrum	false wheatgrass	3
						Hordeum	barley	8
						Leymus	wildrye	1
						Pascopyrum	wheatgrass	1
						Secale	rye	1
						Taeniatherum	medusahead	1
					Triticinae	Aegilops	goatgrass	5
						Triticum	wheat	1
						Thinopyrum	wheatgrass	2
				Poeae Chloroplast Group 1 (Aveneae type)	Torreyochloinae	Torreyochloa	false mannagrass	2
					Aveninae	Sphenopholis	wedgescale	4
						Trisetum	oat grass	1
						Graphephorum	false oat	1
						Koeleria	Junegrass	2
						Arrhenatherum	oatgrass	1
						Avena	oat	2
						Rostraria	hairgrass	1
					Phalaridinae	Phalaris	canarygrass	3
					Anthoxanthinae	Anthoxanthum	sweet grass, vernal grass	5
					Brizinae	Briza	quaking grass	2
					Echinopogoninae	Greeneochloa	small reedgrass	1
Agrostidinae					Agrostis	bentgrass	8
					Calamagrostis	reedgrass	11
					Polypogon	rabbitsfoot grass	2
Poeae Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type)				Sesleriinae	Mibora	sandgrass	0
				Coleanthinae	Puccinellia	alkaligrass	3
				Coleanthinae	Sclerochloa	hardgrass	1
				Miliinae	Milium	millet grass	1
				Poinae	Poa	bluegrass	18
					Apera	silky bentgrass	2
					Cinna	wood reed	2
				Airinae	Avenella	wavy hairgrass	1
					Aira	hairgrass	2
					Corynephorus	clubawn grass	1
				Aristaveninae	Deschampsia	hair grass	2
				Holcinae	Vahlodea	mountain hairgrass	1
				Holcinae	Holcus	velvetgrass	2
				Cynosurinae	Cynosurus	dogtail grass	2
				Dactylidinae	Dactylis	orchardgrass	1
				Loliinae	Festuca, Vulpia	fescue	10
					Lolium	rye grass	6
					Schedonorus	fescue	3
				Parapholiinae	Catapodium	ferngrass	1
	Alopecurinae	Alopecurus		foxtail	6
	Beckmanniinae	Beckmannia		slough grass	1
	Phleinae	Phleum		timothy	3
Poaceae PACMAD clade	Aristidoideae	Aristideae	—	Aristida	three-awn grass	8
	Panicoideae	Paniceae	Anthephorinae	Digitaria	crab grass	6
			Dichantheliinae	Dichanthelium	rosette grasses, panicgrasses	30
			Boivinellinae	Amphicarpum	maiden cane	1
				Echinochloa	cockspur grass	6
				Oplismenus	basket grass	0
			Melinidinae	Eriochloa	cup grass	1
			Panicinae	Panicum	panic grass	14
			Panicinae	Kellochloa	warty panicgrass	1
			Cenchrinae	Cenchrus	sandbur	6
			Cenchrinae	Setaria	bristle grass	7
		Paspaleae	Paspalinae	Paspalum	crown grass	4
		Paspaleae	Arthropogoninae	Coleataenia	panicgrass	4
		Andropogoneae	Arthraxoninae	Arthraxon	carpgrass	1
			Tripsacinae	Tripsacum	gama grass	1
			Tripsacinae	Zea	corn, maize	1
			Rottboelliinae	Coix	Job's tears	1
			Germainiinae	Imperata	cogongrass	0
			Sorghinae	Sorghum	sorghum	1
			Saccharinae	Microstegium	stilt grass	1
				Miscanthus	silver grass	2
				Saccharum	sugar cane	1
			Apludinae	Sorghastrum	Indian grass	1
			Anthistiriinae	Bothriochloa	beard grass	1
			Andropogoninae	Andropogon	bluestem	3
			Andropogoninae	Schizachyrium	little bluestem	2
		Chasmanthieae	—	Chasmanthium	wood oats	1
	Arundinoideae	Molinieae	—	Phragmites	reed	3
	Arundinoideae	Molinieae	—	Molinia	moorgrass	1
	Danthonioideae	Danthonieae	—	Danthonia	oatgrass	2
	Chloridoideae	Eragrostideae	Eragrostidinae	Eragrostis	love grass	12
		Zoysieae	Sporobolinae	Sporobolus	dropseed	16
		Cynodonteae	Gouiniinae	Triplasis	sand grass	1
			Eleusininae	Diplachne	sprangletop	1
				Leptochloa	sprangletop	1
				Chloris	windmill grass	1
				Stapfochloa	windmill grass	1
				Cynodon	Bermuda grass	1
				Eleusine	goose grass	1
				Eustachys	finger grass	1
				Dactyloctenium	crowfoot grass	1
			Pappophorinae	Tridens	tridens	1
			Pappophorinae	Pappophorum	pappus grass	2
			Traginae	Tragus	burr grass	2
			Monanthochloinae	Distichlis	salt grass	1
			Boutelouinae	Bouteloua	grama	2
			Muhlenbergiinae	Muhlenbergia	muhly	10
Commelinales	Commelinaceae	Commelinoideae	Tradescanteae	—	Tradescantia	spiderwort	5
			Commelineae	—	Commelina	dayflower	2
			Commelineae	—	Murdannia	marsh dewflower	X
	Haemodoraceae	Haemodoroideae	—	—	Lachnanthes	Carolina redroot	1
	Pontederiaceae	—	Pontederieae	—	Eichhornia	water hyacinth	1
			Pontederieae	—	Pontederia	pickerel weed	1
			Heteranthereae	—	Heteranthera	mud plantain	2
Zingiberales	Cannaceae	—	—	—	Canna	canna lily	1

Ceratophyllales & basal eudicots

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
sister to eudicots	Ceratophyllales	Ceratophyllaceae	—	—	Ceratophyllum	hornwort	2
basal eudicots	Ranunculales	Lardizabalaceae	Lardizabaloideae	Akebieae	Akebia	chocolate vine, fiveleaf akebia	1
		Menispermaceae	Menispermoideae	Menispermeae	Menispermum	moonseed	1
		Berberidaceae	Podophylloideae	Leonticeae	Caulophyllum	blue cohosh	2
				Podophylleae	Podophyllum	mayapple, wild mandrake	1
				Podophylleae	Jeffersonia	twinleaf, rheumatism-root	1
			Berberidoideae	Berberideae	Berberis	barberry	3
			Berberidoideae	Berberideae	Mahonia	Oregon grape	1
		Ranunculaceae	Hydrastoideae	Hydrastideae	Hydrastis	golden-seal, yellow puccoon	1
			Coptidoieae	Coptideae	Coptis	goldthread, three-leaved goldthread	1
			Coptidoieae	Xanthorhizeae	Xanthorhiza	yellowroot	1
			Thalictroideae	Aquilegieae	Aquilegia	columbine, wild columbine	2
				Aquilegieae	Enemion	false rue anemone	1
				Thalictreae	Thalictrum	meadow rue	7
			Ranunculoideae	Actaeeae	Actaea	baneberry	5
				Actaeeae	Eranthis	winter aconite	1
				Caltheae	Caltha	marsh marigold	1
					Trollius	globeflower	1
					Adonis	pheasant's eye	2
				Delphinieae	Aconitum	monkshood	3
					Delphinium	lark-spur	1
					Consolida	knight's-spur, lark-spur	2
				Nigelleae	Nigella	love-in-a-mist	1
				Helleboreae	Helleborus	hellebore, Christmas-rose	2
				Anemoneae	Anemone	hepatica, thimbleweed	9
				Anemoneae	Clematis	leather flower, virgin's-bower	6
				Ranunculeae	Halerpestes	seaside crowfoot	1
					Ceratocephala	curvseed butterwort	1
					Ficaria	celadine	1
					Ranunculus	buttercup, crowfoot, spearwort	23
		Papaveraceae	Papaveroideae	Papavereae	Argemone	pricklypoppy	2
				Papavereae	Papaver	poppy	6
				Chelidonieae	Sanguinaria	bloodroot, red puccuoon	1
					Chelidonium	greater celandine	1
					Macleaya	plume poppy	1
					Glaucium	hornpoppy	2
					Stylophorum	celandine-poppy	1
				Eschscholtzieae	Eschscholzia	California poppy	1
			Fumarioideae	Fumarieae	Dicentra	bleeding-heart, Dutchman's breeches	3
					Lamprocapnos	Asian bleeding-heart	1
					Adlumia	climbing fumitory	1
					Capnoides	harlequin, pink corydalis	1
					Corydalis	fumewort, corydalis	3
					Fumaria	fumitory	1
					Pseudofumaria	rock fumitory, yellow corydalis	1
	Proteales	Nelumbonaceae	−	−	Nelumbo	lotus	2
	Proteales	Platanaceae	−	−	Platanus	sycamore	2
	Buxales	Buxaceae	Buxoideae	−	Buxus	boxwood	1
	Buxales	Buxaceae	Pachysandroideae	Pachysandreae	Pachysandra	spurge	2

Saxifragales

The order Saxifragales is the basal clade of the superrosids, indicating that Saxifragales is the sister to the rosids.

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
sister to rosids	Saxifragales	Paeoniaceae	−	−	Paeonia	peony	1
		Altingiaceae	−	−	Liquidambar	sweetgum	1
		Hamamelidaceae	Hamamelidoideae	Hamamelideae	Hamamelis	witchhazel	1
		Hamamelidaceae	Hamamelidoideae	Corylopsideae	Corylopsis	winterhazel	4
		Cercidiphyllaceae	−	−	Cercidiphyllum	katsura tree	1
		Crassulaceae	Crassuloideae	−	Crassula	pygmyweed	1
			Sempervivoideae	Umbiliceae	Rhodiola	roseroot stonecrop	2
					Hylotelephium	stonecrop	3
					Phedimus	false stonecrop	1
				Semperviveae	Sempervivum	houseleek, hen-and-chickens	1
				Sedeae	Sedum	stonecrop	7
		Haloragaceae	−	Myriophylleae	Myriophyllum	watermilfoil	10
		Haloragaceae	−	Myriophylleae	Proserpinaca	mermaidweed	2
		Penthoraceae	−	−	Penthorum	ditch-stonecrop	1
		Grossulariaceae	−	−	Ribes	currant, gooseberry	12
		Saxifragaceae	Saxifragoideae	Saxifrageae	Saxifraga	saxifrage	5
			Heucheroideae	Chrysosplenieae	Chrysosplenium	golden saxifrage	1
				Heuchereae	Tiarella	foamflower	1
					Mitella	miterwort	3
					Heuchera	alumroot	2
					Astilbe	florist's spiraea	1

Vitales & fabids

Clade	Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
rosids	basal rosids	Vitales	Vitaceae	Vitoideae	Parthenocisseae	Parthenocissus	creeper, woodbine, ivy	3
					Viteae	Vitis	grape	8
					Ampelopsideae	Ampelopsis	peppervine	3
	basal fabids	Zygophyllales	Zygophyllaceae	Tribuloideae	—	Tribulus	puncturevine	1
	basal fabids	Zygophyllales	Zygophyllaceae	Zygophylloideae	—	Zygophyllum	beancaper	1
	fabids COM clade	Celastrales	Parnassiaceae	Parnassioideae	—	Parnassia	grass of parnassus	1
			Celastraceae	Celastroideae	—	Celastrus	bittersweet, staff vine	2
			Celastraceae	Celastroideae	—	Euonymus	burning bush, spindletree, wahoo	6
		Oxalidales	Oxalidaceae	—	—	Oxalis	woodsorrel	6
		Malpighiales	Hypericaceae	—	Hypericeae	Triadenum	marsh St. John's wort	2
			Hypericaceae	—	Hypericeae	Hypericum	St. John's wort	18
			Podostemaceae	Podostemoideae	—	Podostemum	river weed	1
			Elatinaceae	—	—	Elatine	water wort	3
			Violaceae	Violoideae	Violeae	Hybanthus	greenviolet	1
			Violaceae	Violoideae	Violeae	Viola	violet	57
			Salicaceae	Salicoideae	—	Populus	cottonwood, aspen, poplar	11
			Salicaceae	Salicoideae	—	Salix	willow	36
			Euphorbiaceae	Acalyphoideae	Acalypheae	Acalypha	copperleaf, three-seed mercury	4
						Mercurialis	herb mercury	1
						Ricinus	castor bean	1
				Crotonoideae	Crotoneae	Croton	rushfoil, hogwort	1
				Euphorbioideae	Euphorbieae	Euphorbia	spurge, sandmat	21
			Linaceae	Linoideae	Lineae	Linum	flax	9

Fabales

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genus	Common names	#
rosids: fabids	Fabales	Fabaceae	Brachystegioideae	Cercideae	—	Cercis	redbud	1
			Faboideae	Sophoreae	—	Cladrastis	yellow wood	1
				Thermopsideae	—	Baptisia	wild indigo	3
				Thermopsideae	—	Thermopsis	golden-banner, false lupine	1
				Crotalarieae	—	Crotalaria	rattle box	1
				Genisteae	—	Lupinus	lupine	2
						Cytisus	scotch broom	2
						Genista	dyer's broom	1
						Ulex	dyer's broom	1
				Amorpheae	—	Amorpha	false-indigo	1
				Amorpheae	—	Dalea	prairie clover	2
				Dalbergieae	—	Stylosanthes	pencilflower	1
				Millettieae	—	Tephrosia	hoary-pea, goat's-rue	1
				Millettieae	—	Wisteria	wisteria	3
				Phaseoleae	Erythrininae	Apios	ground nut	1
					Glycininae	Amphicarpaea	hog peanut	1
						Pueraria	kudzu	1
						Glycine	soy bean	1
					Phaseolinae	Strophostyles	fuzzybean	2
						Phaseolus	kidney-bean	2
						Lablab	hyacinth bean	1
						Vigna	cowpea	X
					Diocleinae	Galactia	milk pea	1
					Clitoriinae	Clitoria	pigeon wings	1
				Desmodieae	Desmodiinae	Desmodium	tick trefoil	12
					Desmodiinae	Hylodesmum	tick trefoil	3
					Lespedezinae	Lespedeza	bush clover	23
					Lespedezinae	Kummerowia	Asian clover	2
				Psoraleeae	—	Cullen	scurf pea	1
				Psoraleeae	—	Pediomelum	Indian-breadroot	1
				Loteae	—	Acmispon	American trefoil	1
						Lotus	trefoil	2
						Securigera	crown vetch	1
						Anthyllis	kidney vetch	1
						Ornithopus	bird's-foot	1
				Robinieae	—	Robinia	locust	4
				Galegeae	—	Astragalus	milk vetch	3
						Glycyrrhiza	licorice	1
						Galega	professor weed	1
						Colutea	bladder senna	1
				Hedysareae	—	Caragana	pea shrub	1
				Cicereae	—	Cicer	chick pea	1
				Trifolieae	—	Medicago	alfalfa, medick	7
						Melilotus	sweet clover	4
						Trifolium	clover	14
						Trigonella	fenugreek	2
				Fabeae	—	Lathyrus	pea	8
						Lens	lentil	1
						Pisum	pea, garden pea	1
						Vicia	vetch	15
			Caesalpinioideae	Cassieae	—	Chamaecrista	sensitive pea	2
				Cassieae	—	Senna	wild senna	2
				Caesalpinieae	—	Gleditsia	locust	1
				Caesalpinieae	—	Gymnocladus	coffee tree	1
			Mimosoideae	Ingeae	—	Albizia	mimosa, silktree	1
		Polygalaceae	—	Polygaleae	—	Polygala	milkwort, snakeroot	12

Rosales

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
superrosids: rosids: fabids: NFC	Rosales	Rosaceae	Rosoideae	Ulmarieae	Filipendula	queen, dropwort	3
				Rubeae	Dalibarda	dewdrop	1
				Rubeae	Rubus	blackberry, raspberry, dewberry	23
				Colurieae	Waldsteinia	barren strawberry	1
				Colurieae	Geum	avens	16
				Sanguisorbeae	Agrimonia	agrimony	6
				Sanguisorbeae	Sanguisorba	burnet	1
				Roseae	Rosa	rose	27
				Potentilleae	Potentilla	cinquefoil	14
					Argentina	silverweed	2
					Duchesnea	mock strawberry	1
					Comarum	marsh cinquefoil	1
					Drymocallis	tall cinquefoil	1
					Dasiphora	shrubby cinquefoil	1
					Sibbaldia	cinquefoil	1
					Fragaria	strawberry	8
					Alchemilla	lady's mantle	14
					Aphanes	parsley-piert	1
			Amygdaloideae	Neillieae	Physocarpus	ninebark	1
				Amygdaleae	Prunus	cherry, plum, peach	18
				Exochordeae	Exochorda	pearlbrush	1
				Kerrieae	Rhodotypos	jetbead	1
				Kerrieae	Kerria	Japanese rose	1
				Sorbarieae	Sorbaria	false spiraea	1
				Spiraeeae	Spiraea	meadowsweet	1
				Spiraeeae	Aruncus	goatsbeard, bride's feathers	16
				Gillenieae	Gillenia	Indian physic, Bowman's root	2
				Maleae	Amelanchier	serviceberry	14
					Aronia	chokeberry	3
					Pourthiaea	Christmas berry	1
					Cydonia	quince	1
					Chaenomeles	flowering quince	2
					Cotoneaster	cotoneaster	3
					Crataegus	hawthorn	47
					Malus	apple	8
					Pyrus	pear	2
					Sorbus	mountain ash	3
		Rhamnaceae	Rhamnoideae	Rhamneae	Rhamnus	buckthorn	4
			Rhamnoideae	Rhamneae	Frangula	glossy buckthorn	2
			Ziziphoideae	Pomaderreae	Ceanothus	New Jersey tea	2
		Elaeagnaceae	—	—	Shepherdia	buffaloberry	2
		Elaeagnaceae	—	—	Elaeagnus	silverberry, Russian olive, autumn olive	5
		Ulmaceae	—	—	Ulmus	elm	6
		Cannabaceae	—	—	Celtis	hackberry	2
					Humulus	hops	4
					Cannabis	hemp	1
		Moraceae	—	Moreae	Morus	mulberry	2
					Broussonetia	paper mulberry	1
					Fatoua	crabweed	1
				Maclureae	Maclura	Osage orange	1
				Ficeae	Ficus	fig	1
		Urticaceae	Urticoideae	Urticeae	Laportea	wood nettle	1
				Urticeae	Urtica	nettle	4
				Lecantheae	Pilea	clearweed	3
				Boehmerieae	Boehmeria	false nettle	1
				Parietarieae	Parietaria	pellitory	2

Cucurbitales

Clade	Order	Family	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
rosids: fabids	Cucurbitales	Cucurbitaceae	Thladiantheae	Thladiantha	Manchu tubergourd	1
			Bryonieae	Ecballium	squirting-cucumber	1
			Sicyoeae	Echinocystis	wild cucumber	1
			Sicyoeae	Sicyos	burr cucumber	1
			Benincaseae	Citrullus	watermelon	1
				Cucumis	melon	3
				Lagenaria	bottle gourd	1
			Cucurbiteae	Cucurbita	squash, pumpkin	1

Fagales

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names		#
angiosperms: eudicots: rosids: fabids	Fagales	Fagaceae	Quercoideae	Querceae	Quercus	oak	white oak	15
				Querceae	Quercus	oak	red oak	16
				Castaneeae	Castanea	chestnut		4
			Fagoideae	—	Fagus	beech		2
		Myricaceae	—	—	Comptonia	sweetfern		1
					Myrica	sweetgale		1
					Morella	bayberry		2
		Juglandaceae	Juglandoideae	Juglandeae	Juglans	walnut, butternut		3
		Juglandaceae	Juglandoideae	Caryeae	Carya	hickory		8
		Betulaceae	Betuloideae	—	Alnus	alder		5
			Betuloideae	—	Betula	birch		15
			Coryloideae	Carpineae	Carpinus	hornbeam		3
				Carpineae	Ostrya	hop hornbean		1
				Coryleae	Corylus	hazelnut		3

Geraniales & Myrtales

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
angiosperms eudicots: rosids: malvids	Geraniales	Geraniaceae	—	—	Erodium	stork's-bill	5
	Geraniales	Geraniaceae	—	—	Geranium	crane's-bill	15
	Myrtales	Onagraceae	Ludwigioideae	—	Ludwigia	primrose willow	5
			Onagroideae	Circaeeae	Circaea	enchanter's nightshade	3
				Epilobieae	Chamaenerion	fireweed	1
				Epilobieae	Epilobium	willow herb	9
				Onagreae	Gaura	bee blossom	0
				Onagreae	Oenothera	evening primrose	17
		Lythraceae	Lagerstroemioideae	—	Trapa	water chestnut	1
			Punicoideae	—	Cuphea	waxweed	1
			Punicoideae	—	Rotala	toothcup	1
			Lythroideae	—	Decodon	water willow	1
			Lythroideae	—	Lythrum	loosestrife	4
		Melastomataceae	Melastomatoideae	Melastomateae	Rhexia	meadow beauty	2

Crossosomatales, Sapindales

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
angiosperms: eudicots: rosids: malvids	Crossosomatales	Staphyleaceae	—	—	Staphylea	bladdernut	1
	Sapindales	Anacardiaceae	Anacardioideae	Rhoeae	Rhus	sumac	5
					Toxicodendron	poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac	4
					Cotinus	smoketree	2
		Sapindaceae	Hippocastanoideae	Acereae	Acer	maple	15
			Hippocastanoideae	Hippocastaneae	Aesculus	buckeye, horse chestnut	2
			Sapindoideae	Koelreuterieae	Koelreuteria	golden rain tree	1
			Sapindoideae	Paullinieae	Cardiospermum	balloon vine	1
		Simaroubaceae	—	Ailantheae	Ailanthus	tree-of-heaven, Chinese sumac	1
		Rutaceae	Rutoideae	—	Ruta	rue	1
			Toddalioideae	—	Zanthoxylum	prickly ash	1
					Ptelea	hop tree	1
					Phellodendron	Amur cork tree	1
					Dictamnus	gas plant	1
		Meliaceae	Melioideae	Melieae	Melia	Chinaberry tree	1

Malvales

Clades	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	G	#
angiosperms: eudicots: rosids: malvids	Malvales	Thymelaeaceae	Thymelaeoideae	Thymelaeeae	Dirca (leatherwood) Daphne (paradise plant, mezereon)	2	2
		Cistaceae	—	—	Crocanthemum (New-World frostweed) Helianthemum (Old-World frostweed) Hudsonia (golden heather) Lechea (pin weed)	4	16
		Sterculiaceae	—	—	Melochia (chocolate-weed)	1	1
		Tiliaceae	—	Tilieae	Tilia (basswood, linden)	1	3
		Malvaceae	—	Hibisceae	Hibiscus (rose mallow) Kosteletzkya (sea-shore mallow)	2	5
		Malvaceae	—	Malveae	Abutilon (Indian-mallow) Alcea (hollyhock) Althaea (marshmallow) Malva (mallow) Sida (fan petals) Sidalcea (checker bloom) Anoda (anoda)	7	13

Brassicales

Mustards, Capers, etc.

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genera	G	T
Brassicales	Tropaeolaceae	—	—	Tropaeolum (nasturtium)	1	1
	Limnanthaceae	—	—	Floerkea (false mermaid-weed)	1	1
	Resedaceae	—	Resedeae	Reseda (mignonette, dyer's rocket)	1	4
	Cleomaceae	Cleomoideae	—	Polanisia (clammyweed) Peritoma (stinking beeplant) Tarenaya (spiderflower) Gynandropsis (cat’s-whiskers)	4	5
	Brassicaceae	—	Alysseae	Lunaria (honesty) Alyssum (madwort) Aurinia (goldentuft) Berteroa (false madwort) Lobularia (sweet alyssum)	5	7
			Conringieae	Conringia (hare's-ear-mustard)	1	1
			Thlaspideae	Alliaria (garlic mustard) Microthlaspi (pennycress) Thlaspi (pennycress) Teesdalia (shepherd's cress)	4	4
			Arabideae	Arabis (rockcress) Draba (whitlow grass)	2	6
			Iberideae	Iberis (candytuft)	1	3
			Isatideae	Isatis (dyer’s woad)	1	1
			Brassiceae	Cakile (sea rocket) Brassica (mustard) Coincya (star mustard) Diplotaxis (wall rocket) Eruca (rocket salad) Erucastrum (dog mustard) Raphanus (radish) Rapistrum (bastard cabbage) Sinapis (mustard)	9	19
			Sisymbrieae	Sisymbrium (tumble-mustard)	1	5
			Buniadeae	Bunias (warty cabbage)	1	1
			Hesperideae	Hesperis (dame's rocket)	1	1
			Cardamineae	Armoracia (horse radish) Cardamine (bitter cress) Barbarea (yellow rocket) Nasturtium (water cress) Rorippa (yellow cress) Subularia (awl wort)	6	26
			Lepidieae	Lepidium (pepper weed)	1	10
			Descurainieae	Descurainia (tansy mustard)	1	3
			Boechereae	Boechera (rock cress)	1	6
			Erysimeae	Erysimum (wall flower)	1	5
			Camelineae	Arabidopsis (rock cress) Camelina (false flax) Capsella (shepherd's purse) Neslia (ball mustard) Turritis (tower cress)	5	7

Santalales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genera	G	T
Santalales	Comandraceae	—	—	Comandra (bastard-toadflax) Geocaulon (false-toadflax)	2	2
	Cervantesiaceae	—	—	Pyrularia (buffalo-nut, oil-nut)	1	1
	Viscaceae	—	—	Arceuthobium (dwarf-mistletoe) Phoradendron (mistletoe)	2	2

Caryophyllales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genera	G	T
Caryophyllales	Droseraceae	—	—	Drosera (sundew)	1	4
	Plumbaginaceae	Limonioideae	Limonieae	Limonium (sea lavender)	1	2
	Polygonaceae	Polygonoideae	Fagopyreae	Fagopyrum (buckwheat)	1	2
			Rumiceae	Rumex (dock) Rheum (rhubarb)	2	16
			Persicarieae	Persicaria (smartweed)	1	19
			Polygoneae	Fallopia (false buckwheat, knotweed) Polygonella (jointweed) Polygonum (knotweed)	3	24
	Caryophyllaceae	Illecebroideae	Paronychieae	Herniaria (rupture wort) Paronychia (nail wort)	2	4
		Illecebroideae	Sperguleae	Spergularia (sand spurry) Spergula (spurry)	2	6
		Caryophylloideae	Sileneae	Silene (catchfly) Agrostemma (corncockle) Lychnis (campion)	3	20
		Caryophylloideae	Caryophylleae	Dianthus (pink) Gypsophila (baby's breath) Petrorhagia (pink) Saponaria (soap wort) Vaccaria (pink)	5	14
		Alsinoideae	Arenarieae	Arenaria (sand wort) Moehringia (sand wort)	2	2
			Alsineae	Cerastium (mouse-ear chickweed) Holosteum (jagged chickweed) Myosoton (giant chickweed, water chickweed) Stellaria (common chickweed)	4	19
			Sagineae	Sagina (pearlwort)	1	3
			Sclerantheae	Honckenya (sea chickweed) Minuartia (stitchwort) Scleranthus (German-knotgrass)	3	6
	Amaranthaceae	Amaranthoideae	—	Amaranthus (pigweed)	1	18
		Achyranthoideae	—	Achyranthes (chaff flower)	1	1
		Gomphrenoideae	—	Alternanthera (joyweed) Froelichia (snake cotton) Gomphrena (globe amaranth)	3	4
		Polycnemoideae	—	Polycnemum (needleleaf)	1	1
		Salicornioideae	Salicornieae	Salicornia (pickleweed) Sarcocornia (swampfire)	2	3
		Camphorosmoideae	Suaedeae	Suaeda (seepweed)	1	4
		Camphorosmoideae	Camphorosmeae	Bassia (smotherweed) Kochia (molly) Spirobassia (hairy smotherweed)	3	4
		Salsoloideae	Salsoleae	Salsola (Russian thistle) Kali (Russian thistle)	1	4
		Corispermoideae	—	Corispermum (bugseed)	1	3
		Chenopodioideae	Axyrideae	Axyris (Russian pigweed)	1	1
			Dysphanieae	Dysphania (goosefoot) Teloxys (wormseed) Cycloloma (pigweed)	3	9
			Anserineae	Spinacia (spinach) Blitum (goosefoot) Monolepis (poverty weed)	2	5
			Chenopodieae	Chenopodiastrum (goosefoot) Oxybasis (goosefoot) Atriplex (saltbush, orache) Chenopodium (goosefoot)	4	34
		Betoideae	—	Beta (beet)	1	1
	Aizoaceae	Tetragonioideae	—	Tetragonia (New Zealand spinach)	1	1
	Aizoaceae	Sesuvioideae	—	Sesuvium (sea purslane)	1	1
	Nyctaginaceae	—	Nyctagineae	Mirabilis (four-o'clock)	1	4
	Phytolaccaceae	—	—	Phytolacca (pokeweed)	1	1
	Molluginaceae	—	—	Mollugo (carpetweed)	1	1
	Portulacaceae	—	—	Claytonia (spring beauty) Portulaca (purslane, rose moss)	2	4
	Cactaceae	Opuntioideae	Opuntieae	Opuntia (prickly-pear, devil's tongue cactus)	1	1

Cornales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
Cornales	Hydrangeaceae	Hydrangeoideae	Philadelpheae	Deutzia	pride of Rochester	1
			Philadelpheae	Philadelphus	mock orange	3
			Hydrangeae	Hydrangea	hydrangea	3
			Hydrangeae	Decumaria	(excluded)	X
	Cornaceae	—	—	Cornus	dogwood	13
	Nyssaceae	—	—	Nyssa	tupelo	1

Ericales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
Ericales	Balsaminaceae	—	—	Impatiens	touch-me-not, jewelweed	4
	Polemoniaceae	Polemonioideae	Polemonieae	Polemonium	Jacob's ladder, charity	2
			Phocideae	Phlox	phlox	6
			Gilieae	Collomia	trumpet	1
			Gilieae	Gilia	gilia	1
			Loeselieae	Ipomopsis	red standing cypress	1
	Ebenaceae	Ebenoideae	—	Diospyros	persimmon	1
	Primulaceae	Theophrastoideae	Samoleae	Samolus	water pimpernel, brookweed	1
		Primuloideae	—	Primula	primrose	5
				Dodecatheon	shooting star → Primula	—
				Hottonia	featherfoil	1
				Androsace	rock-jasmine, pussytoes	1
		Myrsinoideae	—	Anagallis	pimpernel	1
				Trientalis	starflower → Lysimachia	—
				Lysimachia	yellow loosestrife	14
	Symplocaceae	—	—	Symplocos	sweetleaf	2
	Styracaceae	—	—	Halesia	silverbell	2
	Styracaceae	—	—	Styrax	snowbell	2
	Diapensiaceae	—	—	Diapensia	Lapland diapensia	1
				Galax	beetleweed	1
				Pyxidanthera	flowering moss, pyxies	1
	Sarraceniaceae	—	—	Sarracenia	pitcherplant, side-saddle plant	1
	Actinidiaceae	Actinidioideae	—	Actinidia	silver vine	1
	Clethraceae	—	—	Clethra	sweet pepperbush	1
	Ericaceae	Pyroloideae	Pyroleae	Orthilia	one-sided wintergreen	1
				Pyrola	wintergreen	9
				Moneses	single-delight, wintergreen	1
				Chimaphila	prince's pine, wintergreen	1
		Monotropoideae	Monotropeae	Monotropa	Indian pipe, pinesap	2
		Monotropoideae	Pterosporeae	Pterospora	pine drops, pinedrops	1
		Arbutoideae	—	Arctostaphylos	bearberry, kinnikinnick	1
		Harrimanelloideae	—	Harrimanella	moss bell-heather	1
		Ericoideae	Phyllodoceae	Epigaea	trailing arbutus, mayflower	1
			Phyllodoceae	Kalmia	laurel, mountain laurel, sheep laurel	5
			Ericeae	Calluna	heather	1
			Rhodoreae	Rhododendron	azalea, rhododendron, pinxter	8
		Empetroideae	Empetreae	Empetrum	crowberry (black, purple, red)	2
		Empetroideae	Empetreae	Corema	broom crowberry, poverty grass	1
		Vaccinoideae	Oxydendreae	Oxydendrum	swamp-cranberry, sourwood	1
			Lyonieae	Lyonia	stagger bush, maleberry	2
			Andromedeae	Andromeda	bog rosemary	1
			Gaultherieae	Chamaedaphne	leatherleaf	1
				Gaultheria	snowberry	1
				Eubotrys	fetterbush	1
				Leucothoe	doghobble	2
			Vaccinieae	Gaylussacia	huckleberry	3
			Vaccinieae	Vaccinium	blueberry, cranberry, deerberry, bilberry	11

Gentianales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genera	G	T
Gentianales	Rubiaceae	Cinchonoideae	Naucleeae	—	Cephalanthus (button bush)	1	1
		Rubioideae	Morindeae	—	Mitchella (partridge berry)	1	1
			Spermacoceae	—	Diodia (buttonweed) Houstonia (bluet) Oldenlandia (clustered bluets)	3	6
			Rubieae	—	Rubia (madder) Sherardia (field-madder) Asperula (woodruff) Cruciata (bedstraw) Galium (bedstraw, wild-licorice, cleavers)	5	29
	Loganiaceae	—	—	—	Spigelia (Indian pink, pinkroot)	1	1
	Gentianaceae	—	Chironieae	—	Centaurium (centaury) Sabatia (rose gentian, pink)	2	6
			Gentianeae	Gentianinae	Gentiana (gentian)	1	5
			Gentianeae	Swertiinae	Bartonia (screwstem) Frasera (green-gentian) Gentianella (dwarf gentian) Gentianopsis (fringed-gentian) Halenia (spurred-gentian)	5	7
	Apocynaceae	Rauvolfioideae	Vinceae	Vincinae	Vinca (periwinkle)	1	2
		Rauvolfioideae	Amsonieae	—	Amsonia (bluestar)	1	3
		Apocynoideae	Apocyneae	—	Apocynum (dogbane)	1	3
		Periplocoideae	—	—	Periploca (silk vine)	1	1
		Asclepiadoideae	Asclepiadeae	Asclepiadinae	Asclepias (milkweed)	1	12
				Cynanchinae	Cynanchum (honeyvine)	1	1
				Tylophorinae	Vincetoxicum (swallow-wort)	1	3

Solanales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genera	G	T
Solanales	Convolvulaceae	Convolvuloideae	Convolvuleae	Convolvulus (bindweed) Calystegia (false bindweed)	2	12
		Convolvuloideae	Ipomoeeae	Ipomoea (morning-glory, sweet potato)	1	8
		Cuscutoideae	—	Cuscuta (dodder)	1	13
	Solanaceae	Schizanthoideae	—	Schizanthus (poorman's orchid)	1	1
		Petunioideae	—	Petunia (garden petunia)	1	1
		Nicotianoideae	Nicotianeae	Nicotiana (tobacco)	1	4
		Solanoideae	Nicandreae	Nicandra (shoofly plant)	1	1
			Hyoscyameae	Atropa (belladonna, nightshade) Hyoscyamus (henbane) Lycium (matrimony vine)	3	3
			Capsiceae	Capsicum (pepper)	1	1
			Datureae	Datura (jimsonweed)	1	1
			Physaleae	Physalis (ground cherry) Leucophysalis (false ground cherry)	2	9
			Solaneae	Solanum (nightshade, tomato)	1	14

Boraginales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genera	G	T
Boraginales	Boraginaceae	Boraginoideae	Boragineae	Anchusa (bugloss) Borago (borage) Brunnera (bugloss) Pulmonaria (lungwort) Symphytum (comfrey)	5	8
			Cynoglosseae	Cynoglossum (hound's tongue)	1	3
			Echieae	Echium (Viper's bugloss)	1	3
			Eritrichieae	Hackelia (stickseed) Mertensia (blue bells) Amsinckia (fiddleneck) Lappula (stickseed) Asperugo (German madwort)	5	9
			Lithospermeae	Lithospermum (stoneseed) Myosotis (forget-me-not) Buglossoides (corn gromwell)	3	14
		Hydrophylloideae	—	Hydrophyllum (waterleaf, John's cabbage) Ellisia (Aunt Lucy, false babyblueeyes) Phacelia (scorpion-weed, desert bluebells)	3	6
		Heliotropioideae	—	Heliotropium (heliotrope)	1	4

Lamiales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genera	G	T
Lamiales	Oleaceae	—	Forsythieae	—	Forsythia	1	2
		—	Oleeae	Fraxininae	Fraxinus (ash)	1	5
				Ligustrinae	Syringa (lilac) Ligustrum (privet)	2	8
				Oleinae	Chionanthus (fringe tree)	1	1
	Tetrachondraceae	—	—	—	Polypremum (juniper leaf)	1	1
	Plantaginaceae	—	Gratioleae	—	Gratiola (hedge hyssop) Leucospora (cliff conobea)	2	3
			Cheloneae	—	Chelone (turtlehead) Collinsia (blue-eyed Mary) Penstemon (beard tongue)	3	8
			Antirrhineae	—	Antirrhinum (snapdragon) Chaenorhinum (dwarf snapdragon) Cymbalaria (toadflax) Kickxia (cancerwort) Linaria (toadflax) Misopates (snapdragon) Nuttallanthus (toadflax)	7	11
			Callitricheae	—	Callitriche (water starwort) Hippuris (mare's-tail)	2	6
			Digitalideae	—	Digitalis (foxglove)	1	4
			Veroniceae	—	Veronica (speedwell) Veronicastrum (Culver's root)	2	25
			Plantagineae	—	Littorella (shore grass) Plantago (plantain)	2	16
	Scrophulariaceae	Scrophularioideae	Scrophularieae	—	Scrophularia (figwort) Verbascum (mullein)	2	11
		Scrophularioideae	Limoselleae	—	Limosella (mudwort)	1	1
		Buddlejoideae	Buddlejeae	—	Buddleja (butterfly bush)	1	1
	Lamiaceae	Viticoideae	—	—	Vitex (chasteberry)	1	1
		Ajugoideae	Ajugeae	—	Trichostema (blue curls) Ajuga (bugle)	2	3
		Ajugoideae	Teucrieae	—	Teucrium (germander)	1	3
		Scutellarioideae	—	—	Scutellaria (skullcap)	1	10
		Lamioideae	Marrubieae	—	Ballota, Marrubium (horehound) Moluccella (shellflower)	3	3
			Lamieae	—	Lamiastrum (yellow archangel) Lamium (deadnettle)	2	6
			Leonureae	—	Leonurus (motherwort, lion's tail)	1	2
			Phlomideae	—	Phlomis (Jerusalem sage)	1	1
			Synandreae	—	Physostegia (lion's heart, obedient plant)	1	1
			Stachydeae	—	Stachys (hedgenettle)	1	11
			(unplaced)	—	Galeopsis (hempnettle)	1	4
		Nepetoideae	Elsholtzieae	—	Collinsonia (horsebalm, richweed) Elsholtzia (latesummer mint) Perilla (beefsteak plant)	3	4
			Mentheae	Salviinae	Melissa (balm) Salvia (sage)	2	10
				Prunellinae	Prunella (selfheal)	1	3
				Lycopinae	Lycopus (bugle weed)	1	7
				Neptinae	Agastache (giant hyssop) Dracocephalum (dragonhead) Glechoma (ground ivy) Hyssopus (hyssop) Nepeta (catnip)	5	10
				Menthinae	Hedeoma (false-pennyroyal) Blephilia (pagoda-plant) Monarda (beebalm, wild bergamot, horse-mint) Pycnanthemum (mountain-mint) Cunila (dittany) Mentha (mint) Clinopodium, Calamintha (basil, calamint) Satureja (savory) Origanum (marjoram) Thymus (thyme)	10	37
			Ocimeae	—	Lavandula, Ocimum (lavender, basil)	2	2
	Mazaceae	—	—	—	Mazus (mazus)	1	2
	Phrymaceae	—	Mimuleae	—	Mimulus (monkey flower)	1	4
	Phrymaceae	—	Phrymeae	—	Phryma (lopseed)	1	1
	Paulowniaceae	—	—	—	Paulownia (princess tree, foxglove tree)	1	1
	Orobanchaceae	Rhinanthoideae	Castillejeae	—	Castilleja (Indian paintbrush) Orthocarpus (owl's clover)	2	2
			Gerardieae	—	Aureolaria (false foxglove) Agalinis (false foxglove, gerardia)	2	14
			Pedicularideae	—	Pedicularis (lousewort)	1	2
			Buchnereae	—	Buchnera (blue hearts)	1	1
			Rhinantheae	—	Euphrasia (eyebright) Melampyrum (cow wheat) Odontites (bartsia) Rhinanthus (yellow rattle)	4	7
		Orobanchoideae	Orobancheae	—	Epifagus (beechdrops) Conopholis (squawroot) Orobanche (broom rape)	3	4
		Orobanchoideae	Cymbarieae	—	Schwalbea (chaffseed)	1	1
	Verbenaceae	—	Verbeneae	—	Verbena (vervain)	1	12
	Verbenaceae	—	Lantaneae	—	Phyla (fogfruit, bogfruit)	2	2
	Pedaliaceae	Pedalioideae	Sesameae	—	Sesamum (sesame)	1	1
	Martyniaceae	—	—	—	Proboscidea (unicorn plant, devil's claw)	1	1
	Linderniaceae	—	Lindernieae	—	Micranthemum (mudflower) Lindernia (false pimpernel)	2	4
	Bignoniaceae	—	Tecomeae	—	Campsis (trumpet creeper)	1	1
	Bignoniaceae	—	Catalpeae	—	Catalpa (catalpa)	1	3
	Acanthaceae	Acanthoideae	Ruellieae	—	Ruellia (petunia)	1	1
	Acanthaceae	Acanthoideae	Justicieae	—	Justicia (water willow)	2	2
	Lentibulariaceae	—	—	—	Pinguicula (butterwort) Utricularia (bladderwort)	2	15

Aquifoliales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common Name	#
Aquifoliales	Aquifoliaceae	—	—	Ilex	holly	7

Asterales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genera	G	T
Asterales	Campanulaceae	Campanuloideae	Campanuleae	—	Campanula (bellflower) Campanulastrum (bellflower) Triodanis (Venus' looking-glass) Jasione (sheep bit) Platycodon (balloon flower)	5	12
	Campanulaceae	Lobelioideae	Lobelieae	—	Lobelia (cardinal flower)	1	7
	Menyanthaceae	—	—	—	Menyanthes (buckbean) Nymphoides (floating heart)	2	3
	Asteraceae (Compositeae)	Carduoideae	Cardueae	1. Carlininae	Carlina (carline thistle)	1	1
				2. Echinopsinae	Echinops (globe thistle)	1	1
				3. Carduinae	Onopordum (Scotch thistle) Arctium (burdock) Silybum (milk thistle) Cirsium (thistle) Carduus (plumeless thistle)	5	18
				4. Centaureinae	Plectocephalus (knapweed) Centaurea (knapweed, starthistle) Carthamus (safflower)	3	20
		Cichorioideae	Cichorieae	5. Scorzonerinae	Tragopogon (goat's beard)	1	4
				6. Scolyminae	Scolymus (golden thistle)	1	1
				7. Lactucinae	Lactuca, Mycelis (lettuce)	2	10
				8. Hyoseridinae	Sonchus (sow thistle)	1	5
				9. Crepidinae	Ixeris (creeping lettuce) Taraxacum (dandelion) Crepis (hawksbeard) Lapsana (nipplewort)	4	10
				10. Chondrillinae	Chondrilla (rush skeletonweed)	1	1
				11. Hypochaeridinae	Prenanthes (rattlesnakeroot) Scorzoneroides, Leontodon (hawkbit) Hypochaeris (cat's ear) Helminthotheca, Picris (oxtongue)	4	16
				12. Hieraciinae	Hieracium (hawkweed) Pilosella (hawkweed)	2	19
				13. Microseridinae	Krigia (dwarf dandelion) Stephanomeria (wire lettuce)	2	4
				14. Cichoriinae	Cichorium (chicory) Arnoseris (lamb's lettuce)	2	2
			Vernonieae	15. Vernoniineae	Vernonia (ironweed)	1	4
		Asteroideae	Senecioneae	16. Tussilagininae	Tussilago (coltsfoot) Petasites (butterbur) Arnoglossum (Indian plantain)	3	4
			Senecioneae	17. Senecioninae	Senecio (ragwort) Erechtites (burnweed) Packera (ragwort) Jacobaea (ragwort)	4	15
			Calenduleae	18.	Calendula (pot marigold)	1	1
			Gnaphalieae	19. Cassiniinae	Anaphalis (pearly everlasting) Antennaria (pussytoes)	2	8
			Gnaphalieae	20. Gnaphaliinae	Gnaphalium, Pseudognaphalium (cudweed) Gamochaeta (purple everlasting) Omalotheca (arctic cudweed) Filago, Logfia (cottonrose)	6	9
			Astereae	21. Bellidinae	Bellis (English daisy, lawn daisy)	1	1
				22. Asterinae	Callistephus (China aster) Tripolium (sea aster)	2	2
				23. Baccharidinae	Baccharis (baccharis)	1	1
				24. "ericamerioid asters"	Ericameria (rabbitbrush) Ionactis (aster) Oclemena (aster)	3	5
				25. Solidagininae	Sericocarpus (whitetop aster) Euthamia (goldentop) Oligoneuron (goldenrod) Solidago (goldenrod)	4	41
				26. Boltoniinae	Boltonia (doll's daisy)	1	2
				27. Machaerantherinae	Machaeranthera, Dieteria (tansy aster) Grindelia (gumweed)	3	6
				28. Symphyotrichinae	Doellingeria (whitetop) Symphyotrichum (aster)	2	38
				29. (unplaced)	Eurybia (aster)	1	6
				30. Chrysopsidinae	Pityopsis (silkgrass) Chrysopsis (goldenaster) Heterotheca (false goldenaster)	3	3
				31. Conyzinae	Conyza (horseweed) Erigeron (fleabane)	3	10
			Anthemideae	32. Artemisiinae	Nipponanthemum (daisy) Leucanthemella (ox-eye) Artemisia (sagebrush, wormwood)	3	20
				33. Matricariinae	Achillea (yarrow) Leucanthemella (chamomile)	2	11
				34. Anthemidinae	Anthemis (chamomile) Cota (chamomile) Tanacetum (tansy) Tripleurospermum (Mayweed)	2	11
				35. Leucantheminae	Leucanthemum (daisy)	1	1
				36. Santolininae	Chamaemelum (dog fennel) Cladanthus (dog fennel)	2	2
				37. Glebionidinae	Glebionis (crown daisy, corn marigold)	1	2
			Inuleae	38. Inulinae	Inula (yellowhead) Dittrichia (stinkwort)	2	4
			Inuleae	39. Plucheinae	Pluchea (camphor weed)	1	1
			Helenieae	40. Heleniinae	Helenium (sneeze weed) Gaillardia (blanket flower)	2	6
			Coreopsideae	41. Coreopsidinae	Bidens (beggar ticks) Coreopsis (tickseed) Cosmos (cosmos)	3	23
			Tageteae	42. Tagetinae	Tagetes (marigold) Dyssodia (dogweed)	2	3
			Chaenactideae	43.	Chaenactis (pincushion)	1	1
			Polymnieae	44.	Polymnia (leafcup)	1	1
			Ambrosieae (Heliantheae)	45. Ecliptinae	Eclipta (false daisy)	1	1
				46. Verbesininae	Verbesina (crown beard)	1	2
				47. Engelmanniinae	Chrysogonum (green & gold) Silphium (rosin weed)	2	4
				48. Rudbeckiinae	Rudbeckia (coneflower, blackeyed Susan) Ratibida (prairie coneflower)	2	11
				49. Ambrosiinae	Ambrosia (ragweed) Cyclachaena (sumpweed) Iva (marshelder) Parthenium (fever-few) Xanthium (cocklebur)	5	13
				50. Zinniinae	Heliopsis (smooth oxeye) Echinacea (purple coneflower)	2	4
				51. Helianthinae	Helianthus (sunflower) Heliomeris (false goldeneye)	2	18
			Millerieae	52. Milleriinae	Smallanthus (leafcup) Guizotia (ramtilla)	2	2
				53. Galinsoginae	Galinsoga (gallant soldier, quickweed)	1	2
				54. Melampodiinae	Acanthospermum (star burr)	1	4
			Madieae	55. Arnicinae	Arnica (lanceleaf arnica)	1	1
			Madieae	56. Madiinae	Madia (tar weed) Centromadia (spike weed)	2	3
			Eupatorieae	57. Oxylobinae	Ageratina (snakeroot)	1	2
				58. Mikaniinae	Mikania (hempvine)	1	1
				59. Gyptidinae	Conoclinium (mistflower, boneset, thoroughwort)	1	1
				60. Liatridinae	Liatris (blazing star)	1	6
				61. Eupatoriinae	Eupatorium (thoroughwort, boneset) Eutrochium (Joe-Pye weed)	1	21

Apiales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Subtribe	Genera	G	T
Apiales	Araliaceae	Aralioideae	Hedereae	—	Hedera (English ivy)	1	1
		Aralioideae	Aralieae	—	Aralia (spikenard, sarsaparilla, angelica tree) Panax (ginseng) Eleutherococcus (five-leaved aralia)	3	8
		Hydrocotyloideae	—	—	Hydrocotyle (water pennywort)	1	5
	Apiaceae	Saniculoideae	Saniculeae	—	Sanicula (sanicle, black snakeroot) Eryngium (eryngo, coyote thistle)	2	7
		Apioideae	Oenantheae	—	Sium (water-parsnip) Cicuta (water-hemlock) Cryptotaenia (honewort) Ptilimnium (mock bishop-weed, herb-william) Lilaeopsis (grasswort) Oxypolis (cowbane, stiff cowbane, water dropwort) Berula (water parsnip)	7	8
			Scandiceae	Scandicinae	Osmorhiza (sweetroot, sweet-cicely) Chaerophyllum (chervil) Anthriscus (chervil, cow parsley)	3	6
				Daucinae	Daucus (wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace)	1	1
				Torilidinae	Torilis (hedge parsley)	1	1
			Careae	—	Carum (caraway, anise) Aegopodium (goutweed, ground elder)	2	2
			Pimpinelleae	—	Pimpinella (burnet-saxifrage)	1	2
			Coriandreae	—	Coriandrum (coriander)	1	1
			Apieae	—	Apium (celery) Anethum (dill) Foeniculum (fennel) Levisticum (lovage) Petroselinum (parsley)	4	4
			Tordylieae	—	Heracleum (cow parsnip, hogweed) Pastinaca (parsnip)	2	4
			Selineae	—	Taenidia (yellow pimpernel) Zizia (golden Alexanders) Angelica (angelica) Ligusticum (licorice-root) Thaspium (meadow-parsnip) Aethusa (fool's parsley) Peucedanum (masterwort)	7	11
			(unplaced)	—	Conioselinum (hemlock-parsley) Erigenia (pepper-and-salt) Conium (poison hemlock)	3	3

Dipsacales

Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common Names	#
Dipsacales	Viburnaceae	Viburnoideae	Viburneae	Viburnum	hobblebush, nannyberry, arrowwood, possumhaw, cranberrybush	19
		Adoxoideae	Adoxeae	Sambucus	elderberry	3
		Adoxoideae	Adoxeae	Adoxa	muskroot	1
	Caprifoliaceae	Diervilloideae	—	Diervilla	northern bush-honeysuckle	1
		Diervilloideae	—	Weigela	crimson weigela	2
		Caprifolioideae	—	Triosteum	horse-gentian	3
				Lonicera	honeysuckle	20
				Symphoricarpos	snowberry	4
		Linnaeoideae	—	Linnaea	twinflower	1
		Linnaeoideae	—	Kolkwitzia	beautybush	2
		Dipsacoideae	Dipsaceae	Succisella	frosted pearls	1
				Dipsacus	teasel	3
				Knautia	scabious, blue-buttons	1
				Scabiosa	scabious, pincushions	1
		Valerianoideae	—	Valeriana	valerian	3
		Valerianoideae	—	Valerianella	corn salad	3

References

The orders used here for lycophytes and ferns classification are from Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. The orders used here for gymnosperm classification are from Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, James L. Reveal, Aljos Farjon, Martin F. Gardner, Robert R. Mill, Mark W. Chase (2011). "A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 55–70.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) The orders used here for angiosperm classification are from: James L. Reveal (2012). "An outline of a classification scheme for extant flowering plants". Phytoneuron. 37: 1–221. P. F. Stevens (2015). "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015". University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden.

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