Heart of palm: Difference between revisions
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'''Heart of palm''' is a [[vegetable]] harvested from the inner core and growing [[bud]] of certain [[palm tree]]s (notably [[coconut]] (''Cocos nucifera''), juçara (''[[Euterpe edulis]]''), [[Açaí palm]] (''Euterpe oleracea''), [[sabal|palmetto]] (''Sabal'' spp.), and [[Bactris gasipaes|peach palm]]. Harvesting of many uncultivated or wild single-stemmed palms results in palm tree death (e.g. ''Geonoma edulis'').<ref>Sylvester, O.; Avalos, G. (2009). Illegal palm heart (''Geonoma edulis'') harvest in Costa Rican national parks: patterns of consumption and extraction. ''Economic Botany''. 63(2): 179-189.</ref> However, other palm species are clonal or multi-stemmed plants (e.g. ''Prestoea acuminata'', ''Euterpe oleracea'') and moderate harvesting will not kill the entire clonal palm. Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a [[salad]]. |
'''Heart of palm''' is a [[vegetable]] harvested from the inner core and growing [[bud]] of certain [[palm tree]]s (notably [[coconut]] (''Cocos nucifera''), juçara (''[[Euterpe edulis]]''), [[Açaí palm]] (''Euterpe oleracea''), [[sabal|palmetto]] (''Sabal'' spp.), and [[Bactris gasipaes|peach palm]]. Harvesting of many uncultivated or wild single-stemmed palms results in palm tree death (e.g. ''Geonoma edulis'').<ref>Sylvester, O.; Avalos, G. (2009). Illegal palm heart (''Geonoma edulis'') harvest in Costa Rican national parks: patterns of consumption and extraction. ''Economic Botany''. 63(2): 179-189.</ref> However, other palm species are clonal or multi-stemmed plants (e.g. ''Prestoea acuminata'', ''Euterpe oleracea'') and moderate harvesting will not kill the entire clonal palm. Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a [[salad]]. |
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An alternative to wild heart of palm are palm varieties that have become domesticated farm species. The main variety that has been domesticated is ''[[Bactris gasipaes]]'', known in English as '''[[peach palm]]'''.<ref name="zeldes">{{Cite web | last = Zeldes | first = Leah A. | authorlink = Leah A. Zeldes | title = Eat this! Heart of palm, an exotic taste of the tropics | work = Dining Chicago | publisher = Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. | date = 2010-11-17 | url = http://www.diningchicago.com/blog/2010/11/17/eat-this-heart-of-palm-an-exotic-taste-of-the-tropics/ | accessdate = 2011-05-18 }}</ref> This variety is the most widely used for canning. Peach palms are self-[[Sucker (botany)|suckering]] and produce multiple [[Plant stem|stems]],<ref name="KaheleHeartsHanaHou">{{cite web |url= http://www.hanahou.com/pages/Magazine.asp?Action=DrawArticle&ArticleID=591&MagazineID=38 |title= Big Island Hearts |author= Rose Kahele |work= [[Hana Hou!]] Vol. 10, No. 4 |date= August–September 2007 |quote= }}</ref> up to 40 on one plant, so harvesting several stems from a plant is not so expensive because the plant can live on. Another advantage it has over other palms is that it has been selectively bred to eliminate the vicious thorns of its wild cousins. Since harvesting is still labor intensive, palm hearts are regarded as a |
An alternative to wild heart of palm are palm varieties that have become domesticated farm species. The main variety that has been domesticated is ''[[Bactris gasipaes]]'', known in English as '''[[peach palm]]'''.<ref name="zeldes">{{Cite web | last = Zeldes | first = Leah A. | authorlink = Leah A. Zeldes | title = Eat this! Heart of palm, an exotic taste of the tropics | work = Dining Chicago | publisher = Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. | date = 2010-11-17 | url = http://www.diningchicago.com/blog/2010/11/17/eat-this-heart-of-palm-an-exotic-taste-of-the-tropics/ | accessdate = 2011-05-18 }}</ref> This variety is the most widely used for canning. Peach palms are self-[[Sucker (botany)|suckering]] and produce multiple [[Plant stem|stems]],<ref name="KaheleHeartsHanaHou">{{cite web |url= http://www.hanahou.com/pages/Magazine.asp?Action=DrawArticle&ArticleID=591&MagazineID=38 |title= Big Island Hearts |author= Rose Kahele |work= [[Hana Hou!]] Vol. 10, No. 4 |date= August–September 2007 |quote= }}</ref> up to 40 on one plant, so harvesting several stems from a plant is not so expensive because the plant can live on. Another advantage it has over other palms is that it has been selectively bred to eliminate the vicious thorns of its wild cousins. Since harvesting is still labor intensive, palm hearts are regarded as a delicacy. |
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As of 2008, [[Costa Rica]] was the primary source of fresh palm hearts in the U.S. The Edible Palm Company located in Orlando, Florida, has been the largest importer of sustainably farmed fresh hearts of palm from Costa Rica to the United States since 2002. Peach palms are also cultivated in Hawaii,<ref name="KaheleHeartsHanaHou"/> and now have limited distribution on the mainland, primarily to the restaurant trade. [[Florida]]'s wild ''[[Sabal palmetto]]'' or cabbage palm was once a source of hearts of palm but is now protected by conservation law.<ref name="zeldes" /> |
As of 2008, [[Costa Rica]] was the primary source of fresh palm hearts in the U.S. The Edible Palm Company located in Orlando, Florida, has been the largest importer of sustainably farmed fresh hearts of palm from Costa Rica to the United States since 2002. Peach palms are also cultivated in Hawaii,<ref name="KaheleHeartsHanaHou"/> and now have limited distribution on the mainland, primarily to the restaurant trade. [[Florida]]'s wild ''[[Sabal palmetto]]'' or cabbage palm was once a source of hearts of palm but is now protected by conservation law.<ref name="zeldes" /> |
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== Harvesting == |
== Harvesting == |
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[[File:Palmito.JPG|thumb|Heart of palm being prepared in [[Brazil]] for sale]] |
[[File:Palmito.JPG|thumb|Heart of palm being prepared in [[Brazil]] for sale]] |
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When harvesting the cultivated young palm, the tree is cut down and the bark is removed, leaving layers of white fibers around the center core. During processing, the fibers are removed, leaving the center core or heart of palm. The center core is attached to a slightly more fibrous cylindrical base with a larger diameter. The entire cylindrical center core and the attached base are edible. The center core is considered more of a |
When harvesting the cultivated young palm, the tree is cut down and the bark is removed, leaving layers of white fibers around the center core. During processing, the fibers are removed, leaving the center core or heart of palm. The center core is attached to a slightly more fibrous cylindrical base with a larger diameter. The entire cylindrical center core and the attached base are edible. The center core is considered more of a delicacy because of its lower fiber content. |
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== Nutrition == |
== Nutrition == |
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Revision as of 22:27, 3 November 2018
Heart of palm is a vegetable harvested from the inner core and growing bud of certain palm trees (notably coconut (Cocos nucifera), juçara (Euterpe edulis), Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea), palmetto (Sabal spp.), and peach palm. Harvesting of many uncultivated or wild single-stemmed palms results in palm tree death (e.g. Geonoma edulis).[1] However, other palm species are clonal or multi-stemmed plants (e.g. Prestoea acuminata, Euterpe oleracea) and moderate harvesting will not kill the entire clonal palm. Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a salad.
An alternative to wild heart of palm are palm varieties that have become domesticated farm species. The main variety that has been domesticated is Bactris gasipaes, known in English as peach palm.[2] This variety is the most widely used for canning. Peach palms are self-suckering and produce multiple stems,[3] up to 40 on one plant, so harvesting several stems from a plant is not so expensive because the plant can live on. Another advantage it has over other palms is that it has been selectively bred to eliminate the vicious thorns of its wild cousins. Since harvesting is still labor intensive, palm hearts are regarded as a delicacy.
As of 2008, Costa Rica was the primary source of fresh palm hearts in the U.S. The Edible Palm Company located in Orlando, Florida, has been the largest importer of sustainably farmed fresh hearts of palm from Costa Rica to the United States since 2002. Peach palms are also cultivated in Hawaii,[3] and now have limited distribution on the mainland, primarily to the restaurant trade. Florida's wild Sabal palmetto or cabbage palm was once a source of hearts of palm but is now protected by conservation law.[2]
Harvesting
When harvesting the cultivated young palm, the tree is cut down and the bark is removed, leaving layers of white fibers around the center core. During processing, the fibers are removed, leaving the center core or heart of palm. The center core is attached to a slightly more fibrous cylindrical base with a larger diameter. The entire cylindrical center core and the attached base are edible. The center core is considered more of a delicacy because of its lower fiber content.
Nutrition
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | 79.5 kJ (19.0 kcal) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
3.1 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sugars | 0.0 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dietary fiber | 1.6 g | ||||||||||||||||||||||
0.39 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1.55 g | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| †Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[4] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hearts of palm are rich in fiber, potassium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, copper, vitamins B2, B6, and C.[1]
See also
References
- ^ Sylvester, O.; Avalos, G. (2009). Illegal palm heart (Geonoma edulis) harvest in Costa Rican national parks: patterns of consumption and extraction. Economic Botany. 63(2): 179-189.
- ^ a b Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-11-17). "Eat this! Heart of palm, an exotic taste of the tropics". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
- ^ a b Rose Kahele (August–September 2007). "Big Island Hearts". Hana Hou! Vol. 10, No. 4.
- ^ United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". FDA. Archived from the original on 2024-03-27. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ^ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. Archived from the original on 2024-05-09. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
