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A Coruña (Parliament of Galicia constituency)

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Coordinates: 43°22′N 8°24′W / 43.367°N 8.400°W / 43.367; -8.400
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For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see A Coruña (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Senate constituency, see A Coruña (Senate constituency).
A Coruña
Parliament of Galicia
Electoral constituency
Location of A Coruña within Galicia
ProvinceA Coruña
Autonomous communityGalicia
Population1,119,596 (2019)[1]
Electorate1,088,032 (2020)[2]
Major settlementsA Coruña, Santiago de Compostela, Ferrol
Current constituency
Created1981
Seats22 (1981–1989)
24 (1989–2016)
25 (2016–present)
Member(s)
  •   PP (13)
  •   BNG (9)
  •   PSdeG (3)

A Coruña (Spanish: La Coruña, English: Corunna) is one of the four constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Parliament of Galicia, the regional legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of A Coruña. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

Electoral system

[edit]

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy for Galicia of 1981 and was first contested in the 1981 regional election. The Statute provided for the four provinces in Galicia—A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra—to be established as multi-member districts in the Parliament of Galicia, with this regulation being maintained under the 1985 regional electoral law. Each constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of 10 seats, with the remaining 35 being distributed in proportion to their populations. In the 1981 and 1985 elections, each constituency was allocated a fixed number of seats: 22 for A Coruña, 15 for Lugo, 15 for Ourense and 19 for Pontevedra.[3][4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in Galicia and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Galicians abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado) which was abolished in 2022.[5][6] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots; until a 1993 reform, the threshold was set at three percent—being applied in each constituency.[3][4] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[4][8][9]

Deputies

[edit]
Deputies 1981–present
Key to parties
  BNPG/BNG
  PCG
  AGE
  En Marea
  PSG–EG
  PSdeG
  CG
  UCD
  PP
  CP
  AP
Parliament Election Distribution
1st 1981
1 1 6 5 9
2nd 1985
1 1 8 2 10
3rd 1989
2 1 10 11
4th 1993
5 6 13
5th 1997
6 5 13
6th 2001
6 6 12
7th 2005
5 8 11
8th 2009
4 8 12
9th 2012
2 4 5 13
10th 2016
2 5 5 13
11th 2020
7 4 14
12th 2024
9 3 13

Elections

[edit]

2024 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 18 February 2024 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 292,651 47.65 –1.50 13 –1
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 199,462 32.48 +7.62 9 +2
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 79,804 12.99 –3.77 3 –1
Vox (Vox) 15,399 2.51 +0.39 0 ±0
Unite Galicia (Sumar Galicia)1 14,014 2.28 n/a 0 ±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 2,551 0.42 –0.05 0 ±0
We Can Galicia (Podemos–AV)1 1,999 0.33 n/a 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 1,170 0.19 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 694 0.11 +0.04 0 ±0
Galicianist Common Space (ECG) 441 0.07 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,938 0.97 –0.03
Total 614,123 25 ±0
Valid votes 614,123 99.15 –0.05
Invalid votes 5,286 0.85 +0.05
Votes cast / turnout 619,409 56.90 +7.27
Abstentions 469,120 43.10 –7.27
Registered voters 1,088,529
Sources[10]
Footnotes:

2020 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 12 July 2020 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 263,293 49.15 +1.34 14 +1
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 133,144 24.86 +16.06 7 +5
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 89,767 16.76 –0.41 4 –1
Galicia in Common–Renewal–Tides (Podemos–EU–Anova)1 23,757 4.43 –14.96 0 –5
Vox (Vox) 11,359 2.12 New 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 2,943 0.55 –2.79 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,503 0.47 –0.59 0 ±0
Galicianist Tide (En Marea–CxG–PG)2 1,289 0.24 –0.09 0 ±0
Equo Galicia (Equo) 505 0.09 New 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Common Space–The Greens–Municipalists (RC–EsCo–OV–M) 468 0.09 –0.06 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Galicia (PCTG) 364 0.07 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 353 0.07 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 312 0.06 +0.02 0 ±0
Democratic Centre Coalition–Self-employed (CCD–AUTONOMO) 266 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,352 1.00 –0.14
Total 535,675 25 ±0
Valid votes 535,675 99.20 +0.14
Invalid votes 4,321 0.80 –0.14
Votes cast / turnout 539,996 49.63 –4.42
Abstentions 548,068 50.37 +4.42
Registered voters 1,088,064
Sources[11]
Footnotes:

2016 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 25 September 2016 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 278,295 47.81 +2.42 13 ±0
In Tide (En Marea)1 112,893 19.39 +2.78 5 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 99,934 17.17 –1.61 5 ±0
Galician Nationalist Bloc–We–Galician Candidacy (BNG–Nós) 51,246 8.80 –0.81 2 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 19,419 3.34 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 6,198 1.06 +0.45 0 ±0
Commitment to Galicia (CxG) 1,898 0.33 –0.62 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 883 0.15 New 0 ±0
Let's Win Galicia: Yes We Can (Gañemos) 875 0.15 New 0 ±0
Anti-Corruption and Justice Party (PAyJ) 848 0.15 New 0 ±0
Citizens–Centrum (C–C) 840 0.14 New 0 ±0
Communists of Galicia (PCPE–CdG) 629 0.11 –0.05 0 ±0
Independent Alternative of Galicia (AIG) 367 0.06 New 0 ±0
United for the Future! (Unidos SI–DEF) 296 0.05 New 0 ±0
Citizens of Galicia Democratic Action (ADCG) 289 0.05 New 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 210 0.04 New 0 ±0
XXI Convergence (C21) 193 0.03 –0.03 0 ±0
Galicia New Way (VN) 129 0.02 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,656 1.14 –1.88
Total 582,098 25 +1
Valid votes 582,098 99.06 +1.36
Invalid votes 5,535 0.94 –1.36
Votes cast / turnout 587,633 54.05 –0.45
Abstentions 499,660 45.95 +0.45
Registered voters 1,087,293
Sources[12]
Footnotes:

2012 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 21 October 2012 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 263,167 45.39 –0.12 13 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 108,886 18.78 –11.80 5 –3
Galician Left Alternative (United Left–Anova) (AGE)1 96,278 16.61 +15.51 4 +4
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 55,716 9.61 –6.12 2 –2
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 10,438 1.80 +0.11 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 8,709 1.50 New 0 ±0
Commitment to Galicia (CxG)2 5,503 0.95 –1.39 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,510 0.61 New 0 ±0
Civil Society and Democracy (SCD) 2,824 0.49 New 0 ±0
Land Party (PT) 1,651 0.28 New 0 ±0
Corunnan Union (UC) 1,172 0.20 New 0 ±0
Communists of Galicia (PCPE–CdG) 929 0.16 New 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 815 0.14 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 740 0.13 +0.02 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 610 0.11 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 489 0.08 +0.02 0 ±0
Liberal Democratic Centre (CDL) 444 0.08 New 0 ±0
XXI Convergence (C.XXI) 367 0.06 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 17,489 3.02 +1.08
Total 579,737 24 ±0
Valid votes 579,737 97.70 –1.48
Invalid votes 13,621 2.30 +1.48
Votes cast / turnout 593,358 54.50 –8.50
Abstentions 495,438 45.50 +8.50
Registered voters 1,088,796
Sources[13]
Footnotes:

2009 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 1 March 2009 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 304,779 45.51 +2.57 12 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 204,779 30.58 –2.63 8 ±0
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 105,344 15.73 –4.77 4 –1
Galician Land (TeGa) 15,653 2.34 New 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 11,345 1.69 New 0 ±0
United Left (EU–IU) 7,348 1.10 +0.10 0 ±0
The Greens–Green Group (OV–GV) 3,109 0.46 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,165 0.17 New 0 ±0
Galician People's Front (FPG) 860 0.13 ±0.00 0 ±0
We–People's Unity (Nós–UP) 666 0.10 ±0.00 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 463 0.07 –0.07 0 ±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 420 0.06 New 0 ±0
More Galicia (+G) 362 0.05 New 0 ±0
Electronic Voting Assembly (AVE) 230 0.03 New 0 ±0
Liberal Centrist Union (UCL) 228 0.03 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 12,997 1.94 +0.52
Total 669,748 24 ±0
Valid votes 669,748 99.18 –0.40
Invalid votes 5,507 0.82 +0.40
Votes cast / turnout 675,255 63.00 –0.21
Abstentions 396,643 37.00 +0.21
Registered voters 1,071,898
Sources[14]

2005 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 19 June 2005 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 286,278 42.94 –5.73 11 –1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 221,436 33.21 +10.30 8 +2
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 136,696 20.50 –3.58 5 –1
United Left (EU–IU) 6,691 1.00 +0.30 0 ±0
Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 1,348 0.20 –0.21 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 1,074 0.16 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 920 0.14 –0.16 0 ±0
Galician People's Front (FPG) 836 0.13 –0.05 0 ±0
We–People's Unity (Nós–UP) 692 0.10 New 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 550 0.08 New 0 ±0
Galician Identity (IG) 376 0.06 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 375 0.06 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 9,434 1.42 –0.44
Total 666,706 24 ±0
Valid votes 666,706 99.58 +0.28
Invalid votes 2,836 0.42 –0.28
Votes cast / turnout 669,542 63.21 +4.16
Abstentions 389,690 36.79 –4.16
Registered voters 1,059,232
Sources[15]

2001 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 21 October 2001 Parliament of Galicia election results in A Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 296,734 48.67 –1.13 12 –1
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 146,816 24.08 –2.17 6 ±0
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 139,662 22.91 +2.80 6 +1
United Left (EU–IU) 4,278 0.70 –0.18 0 ±0
Galician Progressive Democracy (DPG) 3,032 0.50 –0.25 0 ±0
Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 2,492 0.41 +0.07 0 ±0
Left of Galicia (EdeG) 2,447 0.40 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1,822 0.30 +0.15 0 ±0
Galician People's Front (FPG) 1,104 0.18 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 11,352 1.86 +0.48
Total 609,739 24 ±0
Valid votes 609,739 99.30 –0.18
Invalid votes 4,280 0.70 +0.18
Votes cast / turnout 614,019 59.05 –2.06
Abstentions 425,767 40.95 +2.06
Registered voters 1,039,786
Sources[16][17]

1997 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 19 October 1997 Parliament of Galicia election results in La Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 316,003 49.80 +0.82 13 ±0
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 166,556 26.25 +6.64 6 +1
Socialists' Party–Galician Left–The Greens (PSdeG–PSOE/EU–EG/Os Verdes)1 127,587 20.11 –8.53 5 –1
United Left (IU) 5,608 0.88 New 0 ±0
Galician Democracy (DG) 4,771 0.75 New 0 ±0
Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 2,136 0.34 New 0 ±0
Galician People's Front (FPG) 1,300 0.20 New 0 ±0
The Move (Movida) 939 0.15 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 927 0.15 –0.05 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,770 1.38 +0.35
Total 634,597 24 ±0
Valid votes 634,597 99.48 +0.04
Invalid votes 3,300 0.52 –0.04
Votes cast / turnout 637,897 61.11 –1.28
Abstentions 405,896 38.89 +1.28
Registered voters 1,043,793
Sources[18]
Footnotes:

1993 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 17 October 1993 Parliament of Galicia election results in La Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 281,578 48.98 +8.06 13 +2
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 141,544 24.62 –10.72 6 –4
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)1 112,713 19.61 +8.91 5 +3
United Left–Galician Unity (EU–UG)2 21,253 3.70 –2.38 0 –1
Galician Alternative (AG) 2,478 0.43 New 0 ±0
Galician Coalition (CG) 2,197 0.38 –1.22 0 ±0
The Greens of Galicia (Os Verdes) 1,851 0.32 +0.02 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 1,829 0.32 –0.24 0 ±0
The Ecologists (LE) 1,236 0.22 ±0.00 0 ±0
Humanist Citizen Platform (PCH) 1,133 0.20 +0.15 0 ±0
United People's Assembly (APU) 606 0.11 New 0 ±0
Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS) 503 0.09 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,938 1.03 +0.60
Total 574,859 24 ±0
Valid votes 574,859 99.44 +0.55
Invalid votes 3,256 0.56 –0.55
Votes cast / turnout 578,115 62.39 +3.11
Abstentions 348,474 37.61 –3.11
Registered voters 926,589
Sources[19]
Footnotes:

1989 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 17 December 1989 Parliament of Galicia election results in La Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP)1 211,847 40.92 +2.97 11 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 182,970 35.34 +3.00 10 +2
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 48,257 9.32 +4.14 2 +1
Galician Socialist Party–Galician Left (PSG–EG) 21,438 4.14 –1.54 1 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 15,586 3.01 –0.38 0 ±0
United Left (EU)2 10,033 1.94 +0.93 0 ±0
Galician Coalition (CG) 8,262 1.60 –8.33 0 –2
Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG) 7,144 1.38 New 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (ARM) 2,898 0.56 New 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,697 0.33 –0.67 0 ±0
The Greens of Galicia (OVG) 1,551 0.30 New 0 ±0
The Ecologist Greens (OVE) 1,148 0.22 New 0 ±0
Galician People's Front (FPG) 824 0.16 New 0 ±0
United Galicia Party (PGU) 576 0.11 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Galician People (PCPG) 497 0.10 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 296 0.06 –0.18 0 ±0
Humanist Platform (PH) 263 0.05 –0.58 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 225 0.04 –0.12 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,214 0.43 –0.32
Total 517,726 24 +2
Valid votes 517,726 98.89 +0.47
Invalid votes 5,801 1.11 –0.47
Votes cast / turnout 523,527 59.28 +0.19
Abstentions 359,650 40.72 –0.19
Registered voters 883,177
Sources[20]
Footnotes:

1985 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 24 November 1985 Parliament of Galicia election results in La Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1 190,356 37.95 +5.29 10 +1
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdG–PSOE) 162,247 32.34 +8.38 8 +2
Galician Coalition (CG) 49,800 9.93 New 2 +2
Galician Socialist Party–Galician Left (PSG–EG)2 28,473 5.68 +2.34 1 +1
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)3 25,970 5.18 –1.52 1 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 16,981 3.39 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of Galicia (PCE–PCG) 5,072 1.01 –2.42 0 –1
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 5,031 1.00 –1.54 0 ±0
Communist Party of Galicia (Revolutionary Marxist) (PCG (m–r)) 4,185 0.83 New 0 ±0
Humanist Platform (PH) 3,145 0.63 New 0 ±0
Galician Party of the Country (PGC) 2,528 0.50 New 0 ±0
Galician Socialist Unity (USG) 1,379 0.27 –1.26 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1,185 0.24 ±0.00 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 799 0.16 –0.15 0 ±0
Communist Movement of Galicia (MCG) 710 0.14 –0.47 0 ±0
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) n/a n/a –19.50 0 –5
Blank ballots 3,776 0.75 +0.75
Total 501,637 22 ±0
Valid votes 501,637 98.42 +0.27
Invalid votes 8,051 1.58 –0.27
Votes cast / turnout 509,688 59.09 +11.70
Abstentions 352,876 40.91 –11.70
Registered voters 862,564
Sources[21]
Footnotes:

1981 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 20 October 1981 Parliament of Galicia election results in La Coruña
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Alliance (AP) 128,287 32.66 n/a 9 n/a
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdG–PSOE) 94,127 23.96 n/a 6 n/a
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 76,591 19.50 n/a 5 n/a
Galician National-Popular Bloc–Galician Socialist Party (BNPG–PSG) 26,303 6.70 n/a 1 n/a
Communist Party of Galicia (PCG–PCE) 13,488 3.43 n/a 1 n/a
Galician Left (EG) 13,124 3.34 n/a 0 n/a
Galicianist Party (PG) 11,219 2.86 n/a 0 n/a
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 9,969 2.54 n/a 0 n/a
Galician Socialist Unity–PSOE (USG–PSOE) 6,001 1.53 n/a 0 n/a
La Coruña Capital Defense Independents (IDC) 5,486 1.40 n/a 0 n/a
New Force (FN) 2,244 0.57 n/a 0 n/a
Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LCR–MCG) 2,242 0.57 n/a 0 n/a
Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE) 1,530 0.39 n/a 0 n/a
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 1,216 0.31 n/a 0 n/a
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 945 0.24 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots 0 0.00 n/a
Total 392,772 22 n/a
Valid votes 392,772 98.15 n/a
Invalid votes 7,415 1.85 n/a
Votes cast / turnout 400,187 47.39 n/a
Abstentions 444,319 52.61 n/a
Registered voters 844,506
Sources[22]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. ^ "Elecciones al Parlamento del País Vasco y al Parlamento de Galicia del 12 de julio de 2020" (PDF). www.ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. 22 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  3. ^ a b Ley Orgánica 1/1981, de 6 de abril, de Estatuto de Autonomía para Galicia. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Organic Law 1) (in Spanish). 6 April 1981. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Ley 8/1985, de 13 de agosto, de elecciones al Parlamento de Galicia. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Law 2) (in Spanish). 13 August 1985. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  5. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  6. ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  7. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  8. ^ Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  9. ^ Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  10. ^ "ACORDO do 4 de marzo de 2024 polo que se fan públicos os resultados xerais e por circunscricións e a relación de deputadas e deputados proclamados electos nas eleccións ao Parlamento de Galicia do día 18 de febreiro de 2024" (PDF). Diario Oficial de Galicia (in Galician) (47). Xunta de Galicia: 17322-17329. 6 March 2024. ISSN 1130-9229.
  11. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 12 July 2020" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  12. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 25 September 2016" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  13. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 21 October 2012" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 7 November 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 1 March 2009" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 27 March 2009. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  15. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 19 June 2005" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 13 July 2005. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  16. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 21 October 2001" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 13 November 2001. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  17. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 21 October 2001. Error correction" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 11 December 2001. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  18. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 19 October 1997" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 11 November 1997. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  19. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 17 October 1993" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 11 November 1993. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 17 December 1989" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 8 February 1990. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  21. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election results, 24 November 1985" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Central Electoral Commission. 17 January 1986. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  22. ^ "Parliament of Galicia election, 1981. A Coruña". www.datoselecciones.com (in Spanish). Election Data. Retrieved 26 September 2017.

43°22′N 8°24′W / 43.367°N 8.400°W / 43.367; -8.400

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