Hesperoyucca peninsularis
| Hesperoyucca peninsularis | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Asparagaceae |
| Subfamily: | Agavoideae |
| Genus: | Hesperoyucca |
| Species: | H. peninsularis
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| Binomial name | |
| Hesperoyucca peninsularis (McKelvey) Clary
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Hesperoyucca peninsularis, the peninsular candle or lechuguilla, is a plant species endemic to the Baja California peninsula. It is a perennial forming a rosette. It is semelparous (flowering once then dying).[2][3]
Description
[edit]Plants are monocarpic or polycarpic, and sometimes rhizomatous. Some form secondary rosettes at their base while others branch their caudex to produce new rosettes after flowering.[2]
Taxonomy
[edit]Phylogeny and classification
[edit]Although morphological characteristics and phylogenetic ITS analysis show that H. peninsularis is somewhat distinct from H. whipplei,[2] it is still widely recognized as either a form or a subspecies of H. whipplei. More conclusive research shows that H. peninsularis and H. whipplei form a polytomy, and are sister to H. newberryi, which is consistent with the fact that the populations of H. newberryi are disjunct from the genus while H. peninsularis and H. whipplei overlap.[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]It occurs in the coastal succulent scrub of northwestern Baja California south into the central desert and the Sierra de San Francisco in Baja California Sur.[5]
This species grows in association with Elephant cactus, Larrea, Boojum trees, barrel cacti, Dudleya, Agave, ragweed and chollas. It grows on granite or basalt soils.[1] The plant tends to grow in clusters but occasionally can be found growing solitarily.[2]
Description
[edit]It is a perennial plant characterized by its rosette of stiff, sword-like leaves and tall flower stalks. The leaves are long, narrow, and pointed, often with a sharp tip and fibrous margins. The plant produces large clusters of white or cream-colored flowers, which are bell-shaped and fragrant. It bears dry, dehiscent capsules that contain flat, black seeds.
Growth and Cultivation
[edit]Prefers well-drained soils and can tolerate poor, sandy soils typical of desert environments. Requires full sun to thrive. It is drought-tolerant and requires minimal water once established, making it well-suited for xeriscaping and water-wise gardening. Can be propagated by seed or offsets.
Ecological Importance
[edit]The flowers are pollinated by specific species of yucca moths, which have a mutualistic relationship with the plant. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers, and the larvae feed on some of the developing seeds.
Uses
[edit]Due to its striking appearance and low water needs, it is often used in ornamental landscaping, especially in arid Indigenous peoples have used parts of the plant for food, fiber, and other purposes.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Hodgson, W. (2020). "Hesperoyucca peninsularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163128320A163128352. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T163128320A163128352.en. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Clary, Karen Husum. 2001. The genus Hesperoyucca (Agavaceae) in the western United States and Mexico: New nomenclatural combinations. Sida 19(4): 839-847.
- ^ McKelvey, Susan Delano. 1947. Yuccas of the Southwestern United States 2: 49–52, map 1.
- ^ Archibald, J. K., Kephart, S. R., Theiss, K. E., Petrosky, A. L., & Culley, T. M. (2015). Multilocus phylogenetic inference in subfamily Chlorogaloideae and related genera of Agavaceae–Informing questions in taxonomy at multiple ranks. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 84, 266-283.
- ^ Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 272.
