佬
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]佬 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人十大心 (OJKP), four-corner 24211, composition ⿰亻老)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 100, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 548
- Dae Jaweon: page 212, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 144, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4F6C
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 佬 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 佬 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 亻 (“man; person”) + phonetic 老 (OC *ruːʔ).
Etymology 1
[edit]Found in certain southern dialects (chiefly Cantonese) as the colloquial word for “man” (for example, in the term 肥佬). Probably related to Zhuang raeuz ~ laeuz (“we; also a demonym: Rau peoples”), a widespread Tai word meaning “we; people” (Proto-Tai *rawᴬ).
First attested in 1678 in the following passage from Guangdong Xinyu:
Also compare Proto-Hmong *ʔljuwᴮ (“male”) (White Hmong lau (“male”)), Proto-Katuic *-law (“man”), as well as Lao ລາວ (lāo, “Lao < people”), Thai ลาว (laao).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): lau3
- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): lao2
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6lau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǎo
- Wade–Giles: lao3
- Yale: lǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lao
- Palladius: лао (lao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǎor
- Wade–Giles: lao3-ʼrh
- Yale: lǎur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laol
- Palladius: лаор (laor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lou2 / lou5 / liu4
- Yale: lóu / lóuh / lìuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lou2 / lou5 / liu4
- Guangdong Romanization: lou2 / lou5 / liu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lou̯³⁵/, /lou̯¹³/, /liːu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- lou2 - usual pronunciation;
- lou5, liu4 - only used in 仡佬.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lau2
- Sinological IPA (key): /lau⁵⁵/
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lao2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: láu
- Sinological IPA (key): /lau⁵²/
- (Teochew)
- Wu
Definitions
[edit]佬
- (chiefly Cantonese, dialectal Wu, often slightly derogatory) (adult) man; guy; fellow; chap (Classifier: 個／个 c)
- 從前有個王子佢懵懵下，有一日，佢變咗個佬。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 2004, 《麥兜菠蘿油王子》 (McDull, Prince de la Bun)
- cung4 cin4 jau5 go3 wong4 zi2 keoi5 mung2 mung2 haa5, jau5 jat1 jat6, keoi5 bin3 zo2 go3 lou2. [Jyutping]
- Once upon a time, there was a prince who was a fool. One day, he became a middle-aged guy.
从前有个王子佢懵懵下，有一日，佢变咗个佬。 [Cantonese, simp.]- 所以我一直覺得對這些封建佬只能重拳出擊。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2020 December 1, 千叶真名 (username), answer to the question “如何看待山东一成年公民疑似被亲属雇佣「假警察」强制送到戒网瘾机构，进行非法拘禁和强制「医疗」？”, on Zhihu
- Suǒyǐ wǒ yīzhí juéde duì zhèxiē fēngjiànlǎo zhǐnéng zhòngquánchūjī. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
所以我一直觉得对这些封建佬只能重拳出击。 [MSC, simp.]
- (Cantonese, in compounds) brother
Usage notes
[edit]- In Cantonese, when it is used as a standalone word, it usually refers to a middle-aged man.
- Mainly used as a colloquial suffix to denote “-er”.
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 三行佬
- 仫佬 (Mùlǎo)
- 仡佬族 (Gēlǎozú)
- 傻佬
- 八卦佬
- 勾佬
- 北佬
- 北方佬
- 南無佬／南无佬
- 印度佬
- 口水佬
- 和事佬 (héshìlǎo)
- 呼佬
- 哈佬 (hālǎo)
- 啞佬／哑佬
- 啞佬斷奶／哑佬断奶
- 啞佬相見，默默無言／哑佬相见，默默无言
- 㗎佬
- 喃巫佬
- 單眼佬／单眼佬
- 單身寡佬／单身寡佬
- 四眼佬
- 地盤佬／地盘佬
- 垃圾佬
- 基佬 (jīlǎo)
- 報紙佬／报纸佬
- 大佬 (dàlǎo)
- 大奅佬
- 大粒佬
- 大隻佬／大只佬
- 寡佬
- 左手佬
- 差佬
- 巴士佬
- 廚房佬／厨房佬
- 德國佬／德国佬 (déguólǎo)
- 懵佬
- 戇居佬／戆居佬
- 戲子佬／戏子佬
- 打鐵佬／打铁佬
- 打魚佬／打鱼佬
- 拐子佬
- 拖頭佬／拖头佬
- 擺闊佬／摆阔佬
- 收數佬／收数佬
- 收買佬／收买佬
- 放數佬／放数佬
- 教書佬／教书佬
- 有錢佬／有钱佬
- 柯佬
- 機器佬／机器佬
- 江湖佬
- 江湖大佬
- 法國佬／法国佬 (fǎguólǎo)
- 泰國佬／泰国佬
- 泥水佬
- 油漆佬
- 爛佬／烂佬
- 生意佬
- 番鬼佬
- 番鬼佬月餅／番鬼佬月饼
- 番鬼佬涼茶／番鬼佬凉茶
- 痴線佬／痴线佬
- 癡線佬／痴线佬
- 癲佬／癫佬
- 白痴佬
- 白癡佬／白痴佬
- 的士佬
- 睇相佬
- 福佬 (fúlǎo)
- 算命佬
- 細佬／细佬
- 細佬哥／细佬哥
- 美國佬／美国佬 (Měiguólǎo)
- 耕田佬
- 肥佬
- 肥婆肥佬
- 花旗佬
- 英國佬／英国佬 (yīngguólǎo)
- 虧佬／亏佬
- 衰佬
- 裝修佬／装修佬
- 補習佬／补习佬
- 補鑊佬／补镬佬
- 講古佬／讲古佬
- 變態佬／变态佬
- 讕闊佬／谰阔佬
- 豬肉佬／猪肉佬
- 財主佬／财主佬
- 賊佬／贼佬
- 賣魚佬／卖鱼佬
- 賣魚佬洗身／卖鱼佬洗身
- 赤佬
- 走佬
- 通渠佬
- 鄉下佬／乡下佬 (xiāngxiàlǎo)
- 鄉巴佬／乡巴佬
- 醉酒佬
- 金魚佬／金鱼佬
- 闊佬／阔佬 (kuòlǎo)
- 韓國佬／韩国佬
- 風水佬／风水佬
- 風水佬呃你十年八年／风水佬呃你十年八年
- 飛髮佬／飞发佬
- 高佬
- 鬥木佬／斗木佬
- 鬼佬 (guǐlǎo)
- 鬼佬涼茶／鬼佬凉茶
- 鬼佬話／鬼佬话
- 鬼佬齋／鬼佬斋
- 鹹濕佬／咸湿佬 (xiánshīlǎo)
- 麻甩佬
- 黐線佬／黐线佬
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: liáo
- Wade–Giles: liao2
- Yale: lyáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liau
- Palladius: ляо (ljao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: liu4
- Yale: lìuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: liu4
- Guangdong Romanization: liu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /liːu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]佬
- Only used in 侾佬 (“large”).
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Definitions
[edit]佬
- (Southern Min) to cheat; to swindle
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “佬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]佬
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
[edit]
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