闔

See also: 阖, 閤, and 𬮤

闔 U+95D4, 闔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95D4 ← 闓 [U+95D3] CJK Unified Ideographs 闕 → [U+95D5]

Translingual

Han character

闔 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日弓土戈廿 (ANGIT), four-corner 7710₇, composition ⿵門盍)

Related characters

• 阖 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1340, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41452
• Dae Jaweon: page 1844, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4312, character 1
• Unihan data for U+95D4

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 闔
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (盍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蓋	*kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb
盖	*kaːbs
溘	*kʰaːbs, *kʰoːb, *kʰaːb
搕	*qoːb
嗑	*kaːb, *ɡaːb
榼	*kʰaːb
磕	*kʰaːb, *kʰaːd
瞌	*kʰaːb
盍	*ɡaːb
闔	*ɡaːb
篕	*ɡaːb
熆	*ɡaːb
鰪	*qaːb
廅	*qaːb
圔	*qroːb
饁	*ɢrab

Etymology 1

trad.		闔
simp.		阖
alternative forms		閤／合

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hé (he²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍p

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hab⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hé
    • Wade–Giles: ho²
    • Yale: hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hap⁶
    • Yale: hahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: ha̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hap
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hap̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hab⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍p
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hap̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: hap

Rime
Character	闔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡臘切
Baxter	hap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦap̚/
Li Rong	/ɣɑp̚/
Wang Li	/ɣɑp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hap6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闔
Reading #	1/1
No.	5081
Phonetic component	盍
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	盍
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːb/

Definitions

闔

1. (literary) door; door leaf

   Synonym: 扉 (fēi)

2. (literary) all of; whole of; entire

   alt. forms: 閤 (hé)／合 (hé)

   Synonym: 全 (quán)

   闔府／阖府  ―  héfǔ  ―  the whole family

3. (literary) to close; to shut

   alt. forms: 閤 (hé)／合 (hé)

4. Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”)
5. a surname.

Compounds

• 捭闔／捭阖 (bǎihé)
• 捭闔縱橫／捭阖纵横 (bǎihézònghéng)
• 縱橫捭闔／纵横捭阖 (zònghéngbǎihé)
• 開闔／开阖
• 閶闔／阊阖 (chānghé)
• 闔上／阖上
• 闔國／阖国
• 闔家／阖家 (héjiā)
• 闔府／阖府
• 闔廬／阖庐
• 闔扇／阖扇
• 闔眼／阖眼
• 闔第／阖第
• 闔第光臨／阖第光临
• 闔門／阖门
• 闔門卻掃／阖门却扫
• 闔閭／阖闾
• 顏闔鑿培／颜阖凿培
• 風雲開闔／风云开阖

 

Etymology 2

trad.		闔
simp.		阖
alternative forms		㧁

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kha̍h / khah

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kha̍h
    • Tâi-lô: kha̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qah
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰaʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰaʔ¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰaʔ⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khah
    • Tâi-lô: khah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qaq
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰaʔ⁵/

Note:

• Quanzhou:
  • khah - to close;
  • kha̍h - to be detained.

Definitions

闔

1. (Southern Min) to close, leaving it slightly open

   闔門／阖门 [Hokkien]  ―  kha̍h mn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  close the door, but leave it slightly open

2. (Mainland China Hokkien) to be detained; to be held up; to get stuck

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04395
• “Entry #12689”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

闔

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to close; to shut
2. whole; entire; all
3. Alternative form of 扉 (“door”)

Readings

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がふ (gafu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kun: とびら (tobira, 闔)、とじる (tojiru, 闔じる)^{←とぢる (todiru, 闔ぢる, historical)}、すべて (subete, 闔て)

Compounds

• 闔国(こうこく) (kōkoku): nationwide; entire country

Korean

Hanja

闔 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)

1. to close; to shut
2. whole; entire; all

Vietnamese

Han character

闔: Hán Nôm readings: hạp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation