Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷem-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps some variation or gradation of *gʷeh₂- seen also on *mendʰ- - *meh₂dʰ-, *med- - *meh₁-/*meh₁d-.

Root

*gʷem- (perfective)

1. to step

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷem- (39 c, 0 e)

• *gʷém-t ~ *gʷm-ént (root aorist)
• *gʷm̥-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
• *gʷm̥-yé-ti (ye-present)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *gʷəňňō (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *gʷənjō (< earlier *gʷəmjō) (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷḿ̥s
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gás
      • Sanskrit: ग (ga)
• *gʷém-e-ti
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰámati (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷe-gʷóm-e ~ *gʷe-gʷm-ḗr (stative)
• *gʷém-ti-s ~ *gʷm̥-téy-s
• *gʷém-tu-s ~ *gʷm̥-téw-s
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gántuš
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gántuṣ
      • Sanskrit: गन्तु (gántu)
  • Proto-Italic: *gʷentus
    • Latin: ventus
• *gʷm̥-tó-s
• *gʷm̥-dʰ-mo-
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: βαθμός (bathmós)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Albanian: *gat
    • Albanian: gati
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: եկ (ek)
      • Armenian: եկ (ek)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Old Prussian: gemton (“to give birth (to)”)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: gỹmis (“birth; nature; face”)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: giminė̃ (“family, kin; genus; gender; (dial.) relative”)
      • → Latvian: ģimene
    • Sudovian: gimna (“family; uncles, their wives”)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *kʷäm-
    • Tocharian A: kum-
    • Tocharian B: käm-