crucio

Latin

Etymology

From crux (“cross”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkru.ki.oː/, [ˈkrʊkioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkru.t͡ʃi.o/, [ˈkruːt͡ʃio]

Verb

cruciō (present infinitive cruciāre, perfect active cruciāvī, supine cruciātum); first conjugation

1. to crucify
2. to torture

   Synonym: verberō

Conjugation

Conjugation of cruciō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cruciō	cruciās	cruciat	cruciāmus	cruciātis	cruciant
	imperfect	cruciābam	cruciābās	cruciābat	cruciābāmus	cruciābātis	cruciābant
	future	cruciābō	cruciābis	cruciābit	cruciābimus	cruciābitis	cruciābunt
	perfect	cruciāvī	cruciāvistī	cruciāvit	cruciāvimus	cruciāvistis	cruciāvērunt, cruciāvēre
	pluperfect	cruciāveram	cruciāverās	cruciāverat	cruciāverāmus	cruciāverātis	cruciāverant
	future perfect	cruciāverō	cruciāveris	cruciāverit	cruciāverimus	cruciāveritis	cruciāverint
passive	present	crucior	cruciāris, cruciāre	cruciātur	cruciāmur	cruciāminī	cruciantur
	imperfect	cruciābar	cruciābāris, cruciābāre	cruciābātur	cruciābāmur	cruciābāminī	cruciābantur
	future	cruciābor	cruciāberis, cruciābere	cruciābitur	cruciābimur	cruciābiminī	cruciābuntur
	perfect	cruciātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cruciātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cruciātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cruciem	cruciēs	cruciet	cruciēmus	cruciētis	crucient
	imperfect	cruciārem	cruciārēs	cruciāret	cruciārēmus	cruciārētis	cruciārent
	perfect	cruciāverim	cruciāverīs	cruciāverit	cruciāverīmus	cruciāverītis	cruciāverint
	pluperfect	cruciāvissem	cruciāvissēs	cruciāvisset	cruciāvissēmus	cruciāvissētis	cruciāvissent
passive	present	crucier	cruciēris, cruciēre	cruciētur	cruciēmur	cruciēminī	crucientur
	imperfect	cruciārer	cruciārēris, cruciārēre	cruciārētur	cruciārēmur	cruciārēminī	cruciārentur
	perfect	cruciātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cruciātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	cruciā	—	—	cruciāte	—
	future	—	cruciātō	cruciātō	—	cruciātōte	cruciantō
passive	present	—	cruciāre	—	—	cruciāminī	—
	future	—	cruciātor	cruciātor	—	—	cruciantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		cruciāre	cruciāvisse	cruciātūrum esse	cruciārī	cruciātum esse	cruciātum īrī
participles		cruciāns	—	cruciātūrus	—	cruciātus	cruciandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		cruciandī	cruciandō	cruciandum	cruciandō	cruciātum	cruciātū

Derived terms

• cruciābilis
• cruciābilitās
• cruciābiliter
• cruciābundus
• cruciāmen
• cruciāmentum
• cruciātiō
• cruciātor
• cruciātōrius
• cruciātus
• excruciō

References

• “crucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “crucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• crucio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to suffer agonies of thirst: siti cruciari, premi
    
  • to feel acute pain: doloribus premi, angi, ardere, cruciari, distineri et divelli
    
  • to suffer torments of expectation, delay: exspectatione torqueri, cruciari
    
  • the pains of torture: cruciatūs tormentorum