humilier

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin humiliāre.

Pronunciation

• ^{(mute h)} IPA^(key): /y.mi.lje/

• Audio:

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Verb

humilier

1. to humiliate

Conjugation

Conjugation of humilier (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	humilier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	humiliant /y.mi.ljɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		humilié /y.mi.lje/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	humilie /y.mi.li/	humilies /y.mi.li/	humilie /y.mi.li/	humilions /y.mi.ljɔ̃/	humiliez /y.mi.lje/	humilient /y.mi.li/
	imperfect	humiliais /y.mi.ljɛ/	humiliais /y.mi.ljɛ/	humiliait /y.mi.ljɛ/	humiliions /y.mi.li.jɔ̃/	humiliiez /y.mi.li.je/	humiliaient /y.mi.ljɛ/
	past historic2	humiliai /y.mi.lje/	humilias /y.mi.lja/	humilia /y.mi.lja/	humiliâmes /y.mi.ljam/	humiliâtes /y.mi.ljat/	humilièrent /y.mi.ljɛʁ/
	future	humilierai /y.mi.li.ʁe/	humilieras /y.mi.li.ʁa/	humiliera /y.mi.li.ʁa/	humilierons /y.mi.li.ʁɔ̃/	humilierez /y.mi.li.ʁe/	humilieront /y.mi.li.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	humilierais /y.mi.li.ʁɛ/	humilierais /y.mi.li.ʁɛ/	humilierait /y.mi.li.ʁɛ/	humilierions /y.mi.li.ʁjɔ̃/	humilieriez /y.mi.li.ʁje/	humilieraient /y.mi.li.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	humilie /y.mi.li/	humilies /y.mi.li/	humilie /y.mi.li/	humiliions /y.mi.li.jɔ̃/	humiliiez /y.mi.li.je/	humilient /y.mi.li/
	imperfect2	humiliasse /y.mi.ljas/	humiliasses /y.mi.ljas/	humiliât /y.mi.lja/	humiliassions /y.mi.lja.sjɔ̃/	humiliassiez /y.mi.lja.sje/	humiliassent /y.mi.ljas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	humilie /y.mi.li/	—	humilions /y.mi.ljɔ̃/	humiliez /y.mi.lje/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• humiliant
• humiliation

Further reading

• “humilier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /huˈmi.li.er/, [hʊˈmɪlʲiɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /uˈmi.li.er/, [uˈmiːlier]

Verb

humilier

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of humiliō

Middle French

Etymology

Old French, from Latin humiliō.

Verb

humilier

1. (reflexive, s'humilier) to prostrate oneself; to bow
   • 15th century (date of publication), Rustichello da Pisa (original author), Mazarine Master (scribe), The Travels of Marco Polo, page 10, line 4:

     Il s'agenouillerent devant lui et se humilierent

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of humilier

infinitive	simple	humilier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	humiliant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		humilié
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	humilie	humilies	humilie	humilions	humiliez	humilient
	imperfect	humiliois, humilioys	humiliois, humilioys	humilioit, humilioyt	humiliions, humiliyons	humiliiez, humiliyez	humilioient, humilioyent
	past historic	humilia	humilias	humilia	humiliasmes	humiliastes	humilierent
	future	humilierai, humilieray	humilieras	humiliera	humilierons	humilierez	humilieront
	conditional	humilierois, humilieroys	humilierois, humilieroys	humilieroit, humilieroyt	humilierions, humilieryons	humilieriez, humilieryez	humilieroient, humilieroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	humilie	humilies	humilie	humilions	humiliez	humilient
	imperfect	humiliasse	humiliasses	humiliast	humiliassions	humiliassiez	humiliassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	humilie	—	humilions	humiliez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).