pakastua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pakastua
- (intransitive) To become frozen.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of pakastua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastun | en pakastu | 1st sing. | olen pakastunut | en ole pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastut | et pakastu | 2nd sing. | olet pakastunut | et ole pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastuu | ei pakastu | 3rd sing. | on pakastunut | ei ole pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastumme | emme pakastu | 1st plur. | olemme pakastuneet | emme ole pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastutte | ette pakastu | 2nd plur. | olette pakastuneet | ette ole pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastuvat | eivät pakastu | 3rd plur. | ovat pakastuneet | eivät ole pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastutaan | ei pakastuta | passive | on pakastuttu | ei ole pakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastuin | en pakastunut | 1st sing. | olin pakastunut | en ollut pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastuit | et pakastunut | 2nd sing. | olit pakastunut | et ollut pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastui | ei pakastunut | 3rd sing. | oli pakastunut | ei ollut pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastuimme | emme pakastuneet | 1st plur. | olimme pakastuneet | emme olleet pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastuitte | ette pakastuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte pakastuneet | ette olleet pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastuivat | eivät pakastuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat pakastuneet | eivät olleet pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastuttiin | ei pakastuttu | passive | oli pakastuttu | ei ollut pakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastuisin | en pakastuisi | 1st sing. | olisin pakastunut | en olisi pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastuisit | et pakastuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit pakastunut | et olisi pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastuisi | ei pakastuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi pakastunut | ei olisi pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastuisimme | emme pakastuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme pakastuneet | emme olisi pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastuisitte | ette pakastuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte pakastuneet | ette olisi pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastuisivat | eivät pakastuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat pakastuneet | eivät olisi pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastuttaisiin | ei pakastuttaisi | passive | olisi pakastuttu | ei olisi pakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastu | älä pakastu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastukoon | älköön pakastuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon pakastunut | älköön olko pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastukaamme | älkäämme pakastuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastukaa | älkää pakastuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastukoot | älkööt pakastuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot pakastuneet | älkööt olko pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastuttakoon | älköön pakastuttako | passive | olkoon pakastuttu | älköön olko pakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastunen | en pakastune | 1st sing. | lienen pakastunut | en liene pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastunet | et pakastune | 2nd sing. | lienet pakastunut | et liene pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastunee | ei pakastune | 3rd sing. | lienee pakastunut | ei liene pakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastunemme | emme pakastune | 1st plur. | lienemme pakastuneet | emme liene pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastunette | ette pakastune | 2nd plur. | lienette pakastuneet | ette liene pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastunevat | eivät pakastune | 3rd plur. | lienevät pakastuneet | eivät liene pakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastuttaneen | ei pakastuttane | passive | lienee pakastuttu | ei liene pakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | pakastua | present | pakastuva | pakastuttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | pakastunut | pakastuttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | pakastuessa | pakastuttaessa | agent4 | pakastuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | pakastumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakastuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | pakastumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | pakastumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | pakastumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | pakastumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | pakastumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakastuman | pakastuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | pakastuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- pakastaa (transitive)
Further reading
[edit]- “pakastua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03