skm

See also: SKM

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ km (“to complete”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛkɛm/
  • Conventional anglicization: sekem

Verb

 caus. 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to complete, to make whole
2. (transitive) to spend (a period of time or lifespan) through to the end
3. (transitive, mathematics) to bring a sum up to a desired value by supplying a missing addend (+ m: in order to sum up to (the desired value))
4. (transitive, Late Egyptian) to end (a letter)
5. (transitive) to finish, to put an end to, to destroy (enemies or their spirits, hearts, or limbs)

Inflection

Conjugation of skm (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: skm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
skmt, skm	skmw, skm	skmt	skm	skm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
skm	ḥr skm	m skm	r skm

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	skm.n	skmw, skm	consecutive	skm.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	skmt
perfective3	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	skm.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	skmw, skm, skmy	skmw, skm, skmy	potentialis1	skm.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	skm.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2	skm	skm, skmw5, skmy5
imperfective	skm, skmy, skmw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	skm, skmj6, skmy6	skm, skmw5
prospective	skm, skmtj7	—	skmwtj1 4, skmtj4, skmt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

The infinitive of this verb is treated as feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of skm  

skm

[since the New Kingdom]

Verb

 caus. 2-lit.

1. (intransitive, of hair) to be(come) grey
2. (intransitive) to be(come) old and wise

Inflection

Conjugation of skm (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: skm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
skmt, skm	skmw, skm	skmt	skm	skm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
skm	ḥr skm	m skm	r skm

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	skm.n	skmw, skm	consecutive	skm.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	skmt
perfective3	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	skm.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	skmw, skm, skmy	skmw, skm, skmy	potentialis1	skm.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	skm.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	skm	active + .tj1, .tw2	skm	skm, skmw5, skmy5
imperfective	skm, skmy, skmw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	skm, skmj6, skmy6	skm, skmw5
prospective	skm, skmtj7	—	skmwtj1 4, skmtj4, skmt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of skm  

skm

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 317.2–317.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 251