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Inflammatory response associated with pulmonary complications in non-HIV immunocompromised patients.

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Affiliations

  • 1. Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
      Authors
    • Agustí C 1
    (1 author)

ORCIDs linked to this article

Thorax, 01 Dec 2004, 59(12):1081-1088
https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2004.030551 PMID: 15563709 PMCID: PMC1746894

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Abstract 

Background

A study was undertaken to evaluate the local and systemic inflammatory response associated with pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients and potential implications regarding severity and prognosis.

Methods

Levels of different inflammatory mediators were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and serum on days 1 and 4 after the identification of the pulmonary complication in 127 patients with different immunosuppressive conditions.

Results

Pulmonary complications were characterised by a high percentage of neutrophils and increased levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the BAL fluid and high serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP). The inflammatory response was similar in the different groups of immunocompromised patients evaluated. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with pulmonary infections, particularly those of bacterial aetiology. Patients with a more severe pulmonary infection had a more intense local and systemic inflammatory response. A BAL fluid IL-6 level of >40 pg/ml was an independent predictor of mortality (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.3 to 16.1), together with a need for mechanical ventilation (OR 13.5, 95% CI 3.2 to 57.3). Patients who died had persistently high levels of CRP on day 4.

Conclusions

The evaluation of the inflammatory response, particularly the determination of IL-6 levels in the BAL fluid and CRP in the serum, may be useful for deciding the appropriate management of pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients.

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Logo of thoraxLink to Publisher's site
Thorax. 2004 Dec; 59(12): 1081–1088.
PMCID: PMC1746894
PMID: 15563709

Inflammatory response associated with pulmonary complications in non-HIV immunocompromised patients

C Agusti, A Rano, M Rovira, X Filella, N Benito, A Moreno, and A Torres
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Abstract

Background: A study was undertaken to evaluate the local and systemic inflammatory response associated with pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients and potential implications regarding severity and prognosis.

Methods: Levels of different inflammatory mediators were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and serum on days 1 and 4 after the identification of the pulmonary complication in 127 patients with different immunosuppressive conditions.

Results: Pulmonary complications were characterised by a high percentage of neutrophils and increased levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the BAL fluid and high serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP). The inflammatory response was similar in the different groups of immunocompromised patients evaluated. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with pulmonary infections, particularly those of bacterial aetiology. Patients with a more severe pulmonary infection had a more intense local and systemic inflammatory response. A BAL fluid IL-6 level of >40 pg/ml was an independent predictor of mortality (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.3 to 16.1), together with a need for mechanical ventilation (OR 13.5, 95% CI 3.2 to 57.3). Patients who died had persistently high levels of CRP on day 4.

Conclusions: The evaluation of the inflammatory response, particularly the determination of IL-6 levels in the BAL fluid and CRP in the serum, may be useful for deciding the appropriate management of pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients.

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Selected References

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