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All four known cyclic adducts formed in DNA by the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde are released by a human DNA glycosylase.

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  • 1. Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
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    • Dosanjh MK 1
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 01 Feb 1994, 91(3):1024-1028
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.3.1024 PMID: 8302827 PMCID: PMC521446

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Abstract 

We have previously reported that human cells and tissues contain a 1,N6-ethenoadenine (epsilon A) binding protein, which, through glycosylase activity, releases both 3-methyladenine (m3A) and epsilon A from DNA treated with methylating agents or the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde, respectively. We now find that both the partially purified human epsilon A-binding protein and cell-free extracts containing the cloned human m3A-DNA glycosylase release all four cyclic etheno adducts--namely epsilon A, 3,N4-ethenocytosine (epsilon C), N2,3-ethenoguanine (N2,3-epsilon G), and 1,N2-ethenoguanine (1,N2-epsilon G). Base release was both time and protein concentration dependent. Both epsilon A and epsilon C were excised at similar rates, while 1,N2-epsilon G and N2,3-epsilon G were released much more slowly under identical conditions. The cleavage of glycosyl bonds of several heterocyclic adducts as well as those of simple methylated adducts by the same human glycosylase appears unusual in enzymology. This raises the question of how such a multiple, divergent activity evolved in humans and what may be its primary substrate.

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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Feb 1; 91(3): 1024–1028.
PMCID: PMC521446
PMID: 8302827

All four known cyclic adducts formed in DNA by the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde are released by a human DNA glycosylase.

M K Dosanjh, A Chenna, E Kim, H Fraenkel-Conrat, L Samson, and B Singer
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Abstract

We have previously reported that human cells and tissues contain a 1,N6-ethenoadenine (epsilon A) binding protein, which, through glycosylase activity, releases both 3-methyladenine (m3A) and epsilon A from DNA treated with methylating agents or the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde, respectively. We now find that both the partially purified human epsilon A-binding protein and cell-free extracts containing the cloned human m3A-DNA glycosylase release all four cyclic etheno adducts--namely epsilon A, 3,N4-ethenocytosine (epsilon C), N2,3-ethenoguanine (N2,3-epsilon G), and 1,N2-ethenoguanine (1,N2-epsilon G). Base release was both time and protein concentration dependent. Both epsilon A and epsilon C were excised at similar rates, while 1,N2-epsilon G and N2,3-epsilon G were released much more slowly under identical conditions. The cleavage of glycosyl bonds of several heterocyclic adducts as well as those of simple methylated adducts by the same human glycosylase appears unusual in enzymology. This raises the question of how such a multiple, divergent activity evolved in humans and what may be its primary substrate.

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Selected References

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