Bënìn
| Part of | West Africa  |
|---|---|
| Inception | 1 Sa-sik kiuugu 1960 |
| Official name | Bénin, République du Bénin, Republic of Benin, Beninská republika |
| Short name | 🇧🇯 |
| IPA transcription | bɛ'nɪn |
| Named after | Bight of Benin |
| Official language | French |
| Anthem | L'Aube Nouvelle |
| Culture | culture of Benin |
| Motto text | Fraternité, Justice, Travail, Fraternity, Justice, Labour, Братство, справедливост, труд, Bratstvo, pravica, delo |
| Continent | Africa |
| Country | Benin |
| Capital | Porto-Novo |
| Located in time zone | UTC+01:00, Africa/Porto-Novo |
| Located in or next to body of water | Atlantic Ocean |
| Located in/on physical feature | West Africa |
| Coordinate location | 8°50′0″N 2°11′0″E |
| Coordinates of easternmost point | 10°35′33″N 3°50′36″E |
| Coordinates of northernmost point | 12°25′12″N 2°48′0″E |
| Coordinates of southernmost point | 6°14′3″N 1°37′45″E |
| Coordinates of westernmost point | 10°22′40″N 0°46′40″E |
| Highest point | Mont Sokbaro |
| Lowest point | Bight of Benin |
| Basic form of government | representative democracy |
| Office held by head of state | President of the Republic of Benin |
| Head of state | Patrice Talon |
| Office held by head of government | President of the Republic of Benin |
| Head of government | Patrice Talon |
| Executive body | Government of Benin |
| Legislative body | National Assembly |
| Central bank | Central Bank of West African States |
| Currency | West African CFA franc |
| Shares border with | Burkina Faso, Nìgêr, Nigeria, Togo |
| Driving side | right |
| Electrical plug type | Europlug, Type E |
| Replaces | French West Africa |
| Official website | https://www.gouv.bj/ |
| Hashtag | Benin |
| Top-level Internet domain | .bj |
| Flag | flag of Benin |
| Coat of arms | coat of arms of Benin |
| Geography of topic | geography of Benin |
| Has characteristic | free country |
| History of topic | history of Benin |
| Economy of topic | economy of Benin |
| Demographics of topic | demographics of Benin |
| Mobile country code | 616 |
| Country calling code | +229 |
| Emergency phone number | 112, 117, 118 |
| Licence plate code | DY |
| Maritime identification digits | 610 |
| Unicode character | 🇧🇯 |
| Category for maps | Category:Maps of Benin |
Benin (bɛˈniːn/ (t kelg) ben-EEN, /bɪˈniː n/ bin-EEN;[1] Frans: Bénin [benɛ̃], Fon: Benɛ, Fula: Benen), sẽn boond tɩ Benin (French: République du Bénin), la sẽn deng n yaa Dahomey wã yaa Afirik Wɛtgã soolmẽ wã. Yaa Togo sẽn be rɩtg n kẽngd taoore, Nizeri sẽn be rɩtaagẽ wã, Burkina Faso sẽn be hayo-dõog-n-sɩgo, la Nijeri sẽn be rɩto-gõrgo. A nin-buiidã wʋsg be Benin mogrã sẽn be be Bɛni soolmẽ wã, sẽn be Gʋni soolmẽ sẽn be Atlantik ko-kãsengã sẽn be sa-noya wã pʋga.
Yʋʋmd 1800 wã n tãag yʋʋmd 1800 wã, tẽns nins sẽn be be tẽng-kãng pʋgẽ wã ra yaa Dahomey soolmã, Porto-Novo tẽnga la tẽns a taab sẽn be be sa-kãsengã pʋga. B sẽn sɩng n boond zĩ-kãngã tɩ Slave Coast wã yʋʋmd 1800 wã sɩngrẽ, sẽn yaa sẽn da yaa wʋsg n da koosd nebã n dɩkd b yembdo. Yʋʋmd 1894 wã, Fransã rɩka soolmã n tɩ kẽes-a Frans Zapã sẽn boond tɩ French West Africa wã. Yʋʋmd 1960 wã, Dahomey paama a meng zãng ne Frans. Sẽn yaa naam sẽn zãad ne a Zeova, Benin tara goosneema, sodaasã wẽnem, la sodaasã goosneema. A sẽn boond tɩ Bénin tẽnga sẽn yaa a Zeova Kaset rãmbã la a sẽn get b mens tɩ b yaa a Zeova wã.
Benin tẽnga gom-digdã yaa Frans, la b gomda buud-goam nins sẽn be tẽngẽ wã wala Fon, Bariba, Yoruba la Dendi. Bɛnin tũudum sull sẽn yaa kãseng n yɩɩd yaa kiris-neb sull (52.2%), tɩ b tũ ne a Islam (24.6%) la tẽnsã sẽn yaa no-rãmbã (17.9%).[15] Bɛnin yaa ONU, Afrika sull, Afirik tẽns siglgã, Afirik tẽnga siglgã, siglgã sẽn get b sẽn get b yellã, siglgã ning sẽn get b sull ning sẽn get a Zeova wã, Afirik soolmã sẽn get a yellã, Afirik tẽng sẽn get a sẽn get a yell ne a yellã, a Frankofoni, a Sahel-Sahara soolmã siglgã, a Afriki tẽnga petroleum tigims sull la a Niger bãens tẽnga siglgã.Bënìn ya teng m be ninsalbs zamaan wintôg sin lœtin, tä yalmã yã kîlomêtr 1, 270, 200. A goùnbga noûg goabgã windg sì lœtin nē Burkina Faso, Togo noùg rìtg windg sì yítìn, Burkina Faso nē Nigeria noùg goabgã. À galóùnteng (vil) kãsngã lã Cotonou
Etymology
[tekre | teke sidgem]Yʋʋmd 1960 tʋʋl-n-soabã, b sẽn wa n deeg b yembrã, b pʋdga tẽnga yʋʋr t'a Dahomey. Yʋʋmd 1975 tʋʋl n-beoog kiuug rasem 30 wã, b pʋd-a lame t'a Benin.
Kudemde
[tekre | teke sidgem]Sẽn deng yʋʋmd 1600, Benin sẽn yaa rũndã-rũndã wã ra tara zĩn-dãmb sẽn yaa toor-toorã ne politikã la buud-goam toor-toore. Yaa tẽn-tẽnsã sẽn be ko-kãsengã pʋga (kãsenga yaa Aja buud-gomdã, la sẽn naag ne Yoruba ne Gbe buud-goama) la tẽn-tẽns sẽn be tẽngr pʋgẽ (b sẽn yaa Bariba, Mahi, Gedevi, la Kabye buud-goamsã). Yaa Oyo soolmã sẽn be Benin soolmã wẽrgẽ wã, sẽn da yaa sodaasã sẽn be tẽngẽ wã, n maand zab-n-soab la b baood n deegd waoogr soolmã la buud-gomdãmbã nengẽ.
A Dahomey soolmẽ wã, b ra zãmsda kom-bɩɩs kẽer tɩ b zãms sodaasã, n zãmsd-b tãb-biisã tãb-biis tɩ b wa kẽ sodaasã pʋgẽ. [1] A Dahomei lugla pagb sodaasã sull sẽn boond tɩ Ahosi (sa-kãnga pagbã), Mino (fõongbe pʋgẽ) bɩ "Dahome Amazons".
Yaa sẽn na yɩl n tõog n tõog n paam n paam n tõog n lebg burkĩna, b ra segd n maana tʋʋm-nood n kõ burkĩna. Yaa b sẽn da segd n maan b sẽn tõe n tõog n maan b toorẽ wã yĩnga. Yaa b n da segd n maana b toorẽ tʋʋm-no-kãsemse. Yaa b ra segdame n maan b tʋʋm-noorã.
B sẽn da baood b sẽn da tar-b wã sʋka, b ra tara bõn-naands sẽn yaa bõn-naandb sẽn maan ne b sẽn da maand ne b sẽn maand ne b b sẽn maand n maand ne b sãnem-dõonegã, b sẽn maand la b maand ne b sẽb-dõone, la b maand n maand n maand b sẽn da rat n maand ne Afrika wã. B ra maand-b lame n koosd-b tẽn-zẽmsẽ. [1]
Colonial
[tekre | teke sidgem]Yʋʋmd 1800 wã sʋka, "Dahomey" " sɩngame n boogame, la a pa le tar pãng sẽn yaa a soolem soolem ye". Yʋʋmd 1892, Frans nebã rɩka soolmã.
A Fransã ra baoodame n na n paam nafa ne Dahomey la b wilgame tɩ "tẽngã pa tar koodã bɩ ra-kãsems nins sẽn yaa tɩlae ne kapitalistã pãng ye".
A Fransã goosneema wã kɩtame tɩ yembd yõor la a koosã yɩ zabr ye. Pipi yembd zu-soben-rãmb bao n leb n wilg b sẽn na n tõog n tall yembdã n soog tẽngã, b sẽn da tar-b sẽk n soog b pʋɩɩrã. Rẽ kɩtame tɩ b zab ne Dahomeen rãmbã sʋka, "b sẽn da tar pãng yʋʋmd 1895 n tãag yʋʋmd 1920 wã, n na n lebs n pʋɩ b sẽn na yɩl n tõog n soog tẽnga la b tʋm-tʋmdã. Tẽnsã bao n lebn wilg b sẽn tõe n soog-b tẽngã la b sẽn na paam n kogl zĩ-yũudgã. Religsã koe-moondã pa kɩt tɩ b bãng b sẽn na maan to-to wã ye.
Yʋʋmd 1958 wã, Frans kõo a Dahomey Faso tɩ b paam b meng tɩ b lebg b toorẽ, la b paam tɩ b lebg burkĩna yʋʋmd 1960 yʋʋm tusr kiuug rasem a 1 soabã. B maanda burkĩna daar daar daar yʋʋmd fãa. [1] A Hubert Maga yaa tẽnga taoor soab sẽn wa n kɩt tɩ b lebg buudu. [2] [3]
Post-colonial
[tekre | teke sidgem]Yʋʋmd 1960 poore, b maana wẽnem-n-taar la b toeem b rĩmã, tɩ a Hubert Maga, a Sourou Apithy, a Justin Ahomadégbé, la a Émile Derlin Zinsou n lʋɩt taoor; b tãabã fãa ra makda tẽng a to la b buud toor-toorã.
Yʋʋmd 1972 tʋʋlg kiuug rasem 7 soabã, Maga kõ a Ahomadégbé naam. Yʋʋmd 1972 tɩɩmb kiuug rasem 26 soabã, tãnsoab-n-soab Mathieu Kérékou tõoga naam ning sẽn soogd a naamã, n lebg tẽnga taoor soaba, n yeel tɩ tẽnga "ka na n dɩkd a meng n dɩkd bu-zẽmbã tagsgo, la a pa rat tɩ b maan kapitãlizm, komunism la sosialism ye". Yʋʋmd 1974 tʋʋlg rasem 30 soabã, a wilgame tɩ tẽnga yaa Markɩs sẽn be Soja Tʋʋmd Tʋʋmd (CMR) sẽn get tẽnga pʋga, sẽn kɩt tɩ b naan naan nafã la bãnkã. Yʋʋmd 1975 tʋʋlg n-tã, a pʋd-a yʋʋr t'a yaa Bɛnin tẽnga.
Yʋʋmd 1974 wã, kom-bɩɩs nins sẽn yaa "Ligueurs" wã pãng pʋgẽ, a rɩka sor n na n maan tʋʋm-teed sẽn yaa sodaas sullã: b na n tẽmsa tẽnga naaneg wɛɛngẽ, b na n toeesa b karen-biisã, b naaga b naan naan naan naan sigl-n-taag sullã, la b na n kɩtame tɩ b naan naan tõog n sãam "feodal pãng" sẽn tar n paas buud-gomd ning sẽn be be tẽngã zugã. A Mathieu Kérékou sẽn yaa politikã taoor soab yʋʋm 1980 wã, a lebg n yãk yʋʋmd 1984 wã. A sẽn sigl a taab ne Sɩni, Gʋr-Kore la Libi wã, a rɩta "paalã fãa" tʋʋm la a sẽn maand bũmb ninsã fãa, n kɩt tɩ b naan tõog n maan n kõ tẽnga taoor ning sẽn yaa b sẽn getã.
Yʋʋmd 1980 wã, Benin paama ligd sẽn yaa kãsenga (yʋʋm 1982 wã, yʋʋm 1983 wã, yʋʋm 4,6 la yʋʋm 1984 wã, yʋʋm 8,2%), hal tɩ Nizɛɛr soolmã sẽn pakd a Benin ne a Nizɛɛr soolmẽ wã kɩt tɩ b sẽn da wa n yiisd yaoodã, b ra pa le tõe n yaood b nin-buiidã ye. Yʋʋmd 1989 wã, b wa n wa n wa ne rabɩll tɩ b pa tar ligd sẽn sek n na n yao b sodaasã ye. Bɛɛg siglgã ra wa n waame. La baasgo, a Kérékou basame tɩ b yiis b sẽn da yaa politikã bãensã, la b maan pʋ-peelm n yãk b rĩungã.
Yʋʋmd 1990 tʋʋl-nif kiuug rasem 1 daarã, sẽn wa n tãag yʋʋmd 1990 wã, b toeemame n lebg Benin tẽnga.
A Kérékou ne a Soglo pa maan n yãk n yãk n zĩnd yʋʋm 2006, tɩ b fãa ra pa tõe n yãk n kẽng n kẽng n na n zĩnd n na n yãk n na n wa zĩnd n naaga a Zeova ye. [1] Yʋʋmd 2006 tʋʋlg rasem 5 wã, yaa yʋʋm-vʋʋlg kiuug rasem 5 wã la a Adrien Houngbédji n yãk n wa maan n na n kẽng n yãk n pa na n kẽng taoor ye.
Yʋʋmd 2016 yʋʋm-rɩt kiuugã, b sẽn yãk a Boni Yayi tɩ b pa tõe n maan a tãab-n-soabã tʋʋm-no-kãsemsẽ wã, tigimsã ned a ye, a Patrice Talon tõoga a yiib-n-soaala, n tõog investment banker la a sẽn da yaa ministɛɛr a ye, Lionel Zinsou. A Talon rɩka naam yʋʋmd 2016 yʋʋm-naag kiuug rasem 6 wã. A Talone sẽn gom daar ning b sẽn deeg tɩ b sẽn yãk-a wã, a Talon yeelame t'a na n lʋɩɩsa taoor-soabã taoor n maan b sẽn na n maan n tõog n tõog n kao a naamã yʋʋm 5 pʋgẽ. A Taloni yeelame t' a na n kɩtame tɩ b naan boog a naamã sẽn yaa yʋʋm 28 n tɩg a 16 wã.
Yʋʋmd 2022 wã, Benin tẽnga paama a zab-n-taag sẽn yaa kãseng n yɩɩdã. [48]
B sẽn lebg n wa n ning b sẽn da maand bũmb nins sẽn yaa bõn-sõamyã n kõ-b b sẽn da tar n yã wã, b yii Frans n wa n lebg n wa Benin wã yʋʋm 129 sẽn looge, yʋʋm 2022 soabã pʋgẽ. [49]
Politiki
[tekre | teke sidgem]A politikã yaa tẽnga taoor dãmb sẽn yaa demokrɩtɩɩr republikã pʋgẽ, la a sẽn yaa Benin tẽnga taoor soab yaa tẽnga taoor soab la goosneema taoor soaba, ne siglgã sẽn yaa ne bĩng wʋsg pʋgẽ. Goosneema wã n tʋmd a tʋʋmde. A tʋʋmdã na n yɩɩga goosneema wã la a tʋʋmdã taoor lʋɩtb sullã. A bʋ-kaoodbã pa tar sor ne goosneema la a tʋʋm-kãsemdã ye, la a Talon n kɩt tɩ b tõog n pa le tõe n yɩ a taoor soaba.
A zĩnda Afrika tẽns 52 sʋka, n zĩnd n be a 18 soabã, la a paam n yɩɩg a soab siglgã sẽn get bãan la b sẽn get b sẽn getã wɛɛngẽ, la a sẽn get b nin-buiidã ne b sẽn getẽ wã. [1] Yʋʋmd 2007 wã, "Reporters Without Borders" sẽn getẽ tɩ b getẽ wã, a kɩtame tɩ Benin zĩnd n be zĩig a 53 soabã tẽns 169 sʋka. Sẽn na n tãag yʋʋmd 2016, a Talon sẽn wa n kẽ a tʋʋmdã, a zĩiga lebga zĩig a 78 soabã, la sẽn ket n be zĩig ning sẽn boond tɩ 113 soabã. [2] Yʋʋmd 2005 wã, b vaeesga tẽnga rãmb, kom-bɩɩsã la politikã yel-wẽnã wɛɛngẽ.
A sẽn wa n wa n be a Talon naamã sasa wã, a "maasa" a demokrɩtɛɛrã. [1] Yʋʋmd 2018 wã, a goosneema wã yãka noy a taab n na n wilg tɩ b na n yãk kandidɩ wã n na n kẽes b naamẽ, la a paas n na n tall n kẽes b toog n na n gʋls a pʋɩtbã. A Talon sẽn da yaa a sodaasã, a togsa a sullã tɩ b pa tõe n yãk a poorẽ dãmb ye.
