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Mchezaji bora wa mwaka wa FIFA

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Mchezaji bora wa mwaka ilikuwa tuzo iliyotolewa kila mwaka na mamlaka husika ya mchezo wa mpira wa miguu, FIFA kwa mchezaji bora duniani kati ya miaka 1991 na 2015. Makocha na manahodha wa timu za kimataifa na wawakilishi wa vyombo vya habari walichagua mchezaji waliodhani alionyesha kiwango bora kwa mwaka uliopita.

Mwanzoni tuzo moja ya mchezaji bora wa kiume wa mwaka ulimwenguni, sambamba kwa wanaume na wanawake zilitolewa kati ya 2001–2009. Tuzo ya wanaume ilibadilishwa kuwa Ballon d'Or ya FIFA mnamo 2010 wakati tuzo za wanawake zilibakia hivyo mpaka 2015. Baada ya 2015 tuzo zote za wanaume na wanawake zilikuwa sehemu ya Tuzo bora za FIFA za mpira wa miguu.

Wakati wa enzi ya tuzo za wanaume, wachezaji wa Brazil walishinda mara 8 ndani ya miaka 19, ukilinganisha na ushindi mara tatu – kwa mara mbili – kwa wachezaji wa Ufaransa. Kwa upande wa mchezaji mmoja mmoja, Brazil iliongoza tena kwa ushindi wa tuzo mara tano, wakifauatiwa na Italia na Ureno walioshinda mara mbili kila mmoja.[1][2] Mshindi mdogo Zaidi alikuwa Ronaldo, alishinda tuzo akiwa na miaka 20 mnamo 1996, na mshindi mkongwe Zaidi alikua Fabio Cannavaro, aliyeshinda akiwa na miaka 33 mnamo.[3][4] Ronaldo na Zinedine Zidane kila mmoja ameshinda tuzo mara tatu, wakati Ronaldo na Ronaldinho]] ndio wachezaji pekee walioshinda tuzo kwa miaka mfululizo. Kuanzia 2010 mpaka 2015, tuzo sawa kwa wanaume ilikuwa FIFA Ballon d'Or, kufuatia kuungana kwa tuzo ya FIFA mchezaji bora wa mwaka duniani na France Football Ballon d'Or .[5][6] Tokea 2016, tuzo hizo zilibadilishwa na kuwa Best FIFA Men's Player na Best FIFA Wanawake's Player.[7]

Wachezaji nane wa kike – watatu wa Ujerumani, wa tatu wa Marekani , mmoja wa Brazil, na mmoja wa japan– wameshinda tuzo hiyo. Marta, mpokeaji mdogo wa kike katika umri wa miaka 20 mnamo 2006, Ameshinda mara tano mfululizo tuzo hizo, na mara nyingi Zaidi kuliko mchezaji mwingine. Birgit Prinz ameshinda mara tatu mfululizo na Mia Hamm ameshinda mara mbili mfululizo. Mshindi mkongwe Zaidi ni Nadine Angerer, aliyekuwa na miaka 35 aliposhinda tuzo hiyo; ndiye pekee mlinda mlango kwa jinsia zote kuwahi kushinda tuzo hiyo.

Upigaji kura na mchakato wa uchaguzi

[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Washindi huchaguliwa na makocha na manahodha wa timu za taifa pamoja na wawakilishi wa vyombo vya habari vya kimataifa walioalikwa na FIFA. [8] Kwenye mfumo wa kupiga kura uliyo katika missing ya positional voting, kila mpiga kura hugawiwa kura tatu, zenye thamani ya alama tano , alama tatu na alama moja, na tatu bora hupangwa kulingana na idadi ya alama. Kufuatia ukosoaji kutoka sehemu ya vyombo vya habari juu ya uteuzi katika miaka iliyopita , FIFA ilianza kutoa majina ya walioteuliwa kwa ajili ya kupigiwa kura kuanzia 2004.[9]

Mchezaji bora wa mwaka Ulimwenguni

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Ronaldo (kushoto) na Zinedine Zidane (kulia ) kila mmoja alishinda tuzo mara tatu.
Mwaka Daraja Mchezaji Timu
1991 1st Ujerumani Lothar Matthäus Italia Inter Milan
2nd Ufaransa Jean-Pierre Papin Ufaransa Marseille
3rd Uingereza Gary Lineker Uingereza Tottenham Hotspur
1992 1st Uholanzi Marco van Basten Italia Milan
2nd Bulgaria Hristo Stoichkov Hispania Barcelona
3rd Ujerumani Thomas Häßler Italia Roma
1993 1st Italia Roberto Baggio Italia Juventus
2nd Brazil Romário Hispania Barcelona
3rd Uholanzi Dennis Bergkamp Italia Internazionale
1994 1st Brazil Romário Hispania Barcelona
2nd Bulgaria Hristo Stoichkov Hispania Barcelona
3rd Italia Roberto Baggio Italia Juventus
1995 1st Liberia George Weah[note 1] Italia Milan
2nd Italia Paolo Maldini Italia Milan
3rd Ujerumani Jürgen Klinsmann[note 2] Ujerumani Bayern Munich
1996 1st Brazil Ronaldo[note 3] Hispania Barcelona
2nd Liberia George Weah Italia Milan
3rd Uingereza Alan Shearer[note 4] Uingereza Newcastle United
1997 1st Brazil Ronaldo Italia Inter Milan
2nd Brazil Roberto Carlos Hispania Real Madrid
3rd Uholanzi Dennis Bergkamp Uingereza Arsenal
Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Italia Juventus
1998 1st Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Italia Juventus
2nd Brazil Ronaldo Italia Internazionale
3rd Kigezo:Country data CRO Davor Šuker Hispania Real Madrid
1999 1st Brazil Rivaldo Hispania Barcelona
2nd Uingereza David Beckham Uingereza Manchester United
3rd Argentina Gabriel Batistuta Italia Fiorentina
2000 1st Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Italia Juventus
2nd Ureno Luís Figo[note 5] Hispania Real Madrid
3rd Brazil Rivaldo Hispania Barcelona
2001 1st Ureno Luís Figo Hispania Real Madrid
2nd Uingereza David Beckham Uingereza Manchester United
3rd Hispania Raúl Hispania Real Madrid
2002 1st Brazil Ronaldo[note 6] Hispania Real Madrid
2nd Ujerumani Oliver Kahn Ujerumani Bayern Munich
3rd Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Hispania Real Madrid
2003 1st Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Hispania Real Madrid
2nd Ufaransa Thierry Henry Uingereza Arsenal
3rd Brazil Ronaldo Hispania Real Madrid
2004 1st Brazil Ronaldinho Hispania Barcelona
2nd Ufaransa Thierry Henry Uingereza Arsenal
3rd Ukraine Andriy Shevchenko Italia Milan
2005 1st Brazil Ronaldinho Hispania Barcelona
2nd Uingereza Frank Lampard Uingereza Chelsea
3rd Kamerun Samuel Eto'o Hispania Barcelona
2006 1st Italia Fabio Cannavaro[note 7] Hispania Real Madrid
2nd Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane Hispania Real Madrid
3rd Brazil Ronaldinho Hispania Barcelona
2007 1st Brazil Kaká Italia Milan
2nd Argentina Lionel Messi Hispania Barcelona
3rd Ureno Cristiano Ronaldo Uingereza Manchester United
2008 1st Ureno Cristiano Ronaldo Uingereza Manchester United
2nd Argentina Lionel Messi Hispania Barcelona
3rd Hispania Fernando Torres Uingereza Liverpool
2009 1st Argentina Lionel Messi Hispania Barcelona
2nd Ureno Cristiano Ronaldo[note 8] Hispania Real Madrid
3rd Hispania Xavi Hispania Barcelona

Source:[1]

Kutokea 2010 mpaka 2015, tuzo iliunganishwa na Ballon d'Or ili kuwa Ballon d'Or ya FIFA ndani ya ushirikiano wa miaka sita na Shirikisho la mpira wa miguu Ufaransa. Mwaka 2016, FIFA ilibadili tuzo hizo kuwa Mchezaji bora wa kiume wa FIFA.

Ushindi kwa mchezaji

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mchezaji shindi mshindi wa pili mshindi wa tatu
Ufaransa Zinedine Zidane 3 (1998, 2000, 2003) 1 (2006) 2 (1997, 2002)
Brazil Ronaldo 3 (1996, 1997, 2002) 1 (1998) 1 (2003)
Brazil Ronaldinho 2 (2004, 2005) 1 (2006)
Argentina Lionel Messi 1 (2009) 2 (2007, 2008)
Ureno Cristiano Ronaldo 1 (2008) 1 (2009) 1 (2007)
Ureno Luís Figo 1 (2001) 1 (2000)
Brazil Romário 1 (1994) 1 (1993)
Liberia George Weah 1 (1995) 1 (1996)
Italia Roberto Baggio 1 (1993) 1 (1994)
Brazil Rivaldo 1 (1999) 1 (2000)
Ujerumani Lothar Matthäus 1 (1991)
Uholanzi Marco van Basten 1 (1992)
Italia Fabio Cannavaro 1 (2006)
Brazil Kaká 1 (2007)

Ushindi kwa nchi

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Nchi Wachezaji Jumla
Bendera ya Brazil Brazil 5 8
Bendera ya Argentina Argentina 2 2
Bendera ya Italia Italy 2 2
Kigezo:POR 2 2
Bendera ya Ufaransa Ufaransa 1 3
Bendera ya Ujerumani Ujerumani 1 1
Bendera ya Uholanzi Uholanzi 1 1
Bendera ya Liberia Liberia 1 1

Ushindi kwa vilabu

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Club Players Total
Hispania Barcelona 5 6
Hispania Real Madrid 4 4
Italia Milan 3 3
Italia Juventus 2 3
Italia Internazionale 2 2
Uingereza Manchester United 1 1

Mchezaji wa kike wa mwaka wa FIFA ulimwenguni

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mwaka daraja mchezaji Timu
2001 1st Marekani Mia Hamm Marekani Washington Freedom
2nd Jamhuri ya Watu wa China Sun Wen Marekani Atlanta Beat
3rd Marekani Tiffeny Milbrett Marekani New York Power
2002 1st Marekani Mia Hamm Marekani Washington Freedom
2nd Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Jamhuri ya Watu wa China Sun Wen Marekani Atlanta Beat
2003 1st Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
2nd Marekani Mia Hamm Marekani Washington Freedom
3rd Uswidi Hanna Ljungberg Uswidi Umeå IK
2004 1st Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
2nd Marekani Mia Hamm Marekani Washington Freedom
3rd Brazil Marta Uswidi Umeå IK
2005 1st Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
2nd Brazil Marta Uswidi Umeå IK
3rd Marekani Shannon Boxx Unattached
2006 1st Brazil Marta Uswidi Umeå IK
2nd Marekani Kristine Lilly Uswidi KIF Örebro DFF
3rd Ujerumani Renate Lingor Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
2007 1st Brazil Marta Uswidi Umeå IK
2nd Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Brazil Cristiane Ujerumani VfL Wolfsburg
2008 1st Brazil Marta Uswidi Umeå IK
2nd Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Brazil Cristiane[note 9] Brazil Corinthians
2009 1st Brazil Marta[note 10] Brazil Santos
2nd Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Uingereza Kelly Smith[note 11] Marekani Boston Breakers
2010 1st Brazil Marta Brazil Santos
2nd Ujerumani Birgit Prinz Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Ujerumani Fatmire Bajramaj Ujerumani 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam
2011 1st Japani Homare Sawa Japani INAC Kobe Leonessa
2nd Brazil Marta[note 12] Marekani Western New York Flash
3rd Marekani Abby Wambach Marekani magicJack
2012 1st Marekani Abby Wambach Unattached
2nd Brazil Marta Uswidi Tyresö FF
3rd Marekani Alex Morgan Marekani Seattle Sounders Wanawake
2013 1st Ujerumani Nadine Angerer[note 13] Australia Brisbane Roar
2nd Marekani Abby Wambach Marekani Western New York Flash
3rd Brazil Marta Uswidi Tyresö FF
2014 1st Ujerumani Nadine Keßler Ujerumani VfL Wolfsburg
2nd Brazil Marta[note 14] Uswidi FC Rosengård
3rd Marekani Abby Wambach Marekani Western New York Flash
2015 1st Marekani Carli Lloyd Marekani Houston Dash
2nd Ujerumani Célia Šašić Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt
3rd Japani Aya Miyama Japani Okayama Yunogo Belle

Source:[1]

Mwaka 2016, FIFA ilianzisha mchezaji bora wa kike wa mwaka wa FIFA.

Ushindi kwa mchezaji

[hariri | hariri chanzo]
mchezaji 1st 2nd 3rd
Brazil Marta 5 (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010) 4 (2005, 2011, 2012, 2014) 2 (2004, 2013)
Ujerumani Birgit Prinz 3 (2003, 2004, 2005) 5 (2002, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010)
Marekani Mia Hamm 2 (2001, 2002) 2 (2003, 2004)
Marekani Abby Wambach 1 (2012) 1 (2013) 2 (2011, 2014)
Japani Homare Sawa 1 (2011)
Ujerumani Nadine Angerer 1 (2013)
Ujerumani Nadine Keßler 1 (2014)
Marekani Carli Lloyd 1 (2015)

Ushindi kwa nchi

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Nchi Wachezaji Jumla
Bendera ya Ujerumani Ujerumani 3 5
Bendera ya Brazil Brazil 1 5
Marekani 3 4
Bendera ya Japani Japan 1 1

Ushindi kwa vilabu

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Klabu Wachezaji Jumla
Ujerumani 1. FFC Frankfurt 1 3
Uswidi Umeå IK 1 3
Marekani Washington Freedom 1 2
Brazil Santos 1 2
Japani INAC Kobe Leonessa 1 1
Australia Brisbane Roar 1 1
Ujerumani VfL Wolfsburg 1 1
Marekani Houston Dash 1 1

Tazama pia

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  1. Weah alisainiwa na Milan kutoka Paris Saint-Germain katikati mwa 1995.
  2. Klinsmann alisainiwa na Bayern Munich kutokea Tottenham Hotspur katikati mwa 1995.
  3. Ronaldo alisainiwa na Barcelona kutokea PSV Eindhoven katikati mwa 1996.
  4. Sheareralisainiwa alisainiwa na Newcastle United kutokea Blackburn Rovers katikati mwa 1996.
  5. Figo alisainiwa na Real Madrid from Barcelona katikati mwa 2000.
  6. Ronaldo alisainiwa na Real Madrid from Internazionale katikati mwa 2002.
  7. Cannavaro alisainiwa na Real Madrid kutokea Juventus katikati mwa 2006.
  8. Cristiano Ronaldo alisainiwa na Real Madrid kutokea Manchester United katikati mwa 2009.
  9. Cristiane alisainiwa na Corinthians kutokea Linköpings F.C. katikati mwa 2008.
  10. Marta alisainiwa na Santos kutokea Los Angeles Sol katikati mwa 2009.
  11. Smith alisainiwa na Boston Breakers kutokea Arsenal Ladies katikati mwa 2009.
  12. Marta alisainiwa na Western New York Flash kutokea Santos katikati mwa 2011.
  13. Angerer alisainiwa na Brisbane Roar kutokea 1. FFC Frankfurt katikati mwa 2013.
  14. Marta alisainiwa na FC Rosengård kutokea Tyresö FF katikati mwa 2014.
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "FACTSheet FIFA awards" (PDF). FIFA. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo (PDF) mnamo 2016-01-22. Iliwekwa mnamo 19 Januari 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. "FIFA Awards". RSSSF.com. Retrieved 1 April 2013
  3. "Brazil legend Ronaldo retires from football". BBC. Retrieved 17 November 2013
  4. "Cannavaro discusses highs and lows" Archived 2013-12-16 at the Wayback Machine. Football Federation Australia. Retrieved 18 November 2013
  5. "The FIFA Ballon d'Or is born" Archived 18 Januari 2015 at the Wayback Machine.. FIFA.com. Retrieved 12 January 2016
  6. "FIFA Ballon d'Or World Player of the Year: Award History" Archived 7 Januari 2016 at the Wayback Machine.. FIFA.com. Retrieved 12 January 2016
  7. "The birth of The Best FIFA Football Awards". FIFA.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-11-05. Iliwekwa mnamo 24 Oktoba 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) Archived 5 Novemba 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
  8. "Messi, Lloyd, Luis Enrique and Ellis triumph at FIFA Ballon d'Or 2015". FIFA. 11 Januari 2016. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-08-14. Iliwekwa mnamo 13 Januari 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) Archived 14 Agosti 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
  9. "FIFA.com - Thirty-five stars make Zurich shortlist". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2016-03-19. Iliwekwa mnamo 2019-10-08. Archived 19 Machi 2016 at the Wayback Machine.