Shunga, Republic of Karelia
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Shunga
Шуньга | |
|---|---|
 Shunga village, Republic of Karelia. View from the side of the Putkozero | |
Location of Shunga  | |
  Shunga Location of Shunga  Shunga Shunga (Karelia) | |
| Coordinates: 62°35′N 34°56′E / 62.583°N 34.933°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Karelia |
| Administrative district | Medvezhyegorsky District[1] |
| Population | |
| • Total | 596 |
| • Municipal district | Medvezhyegorsky Municipal District |
| • Rural settlement | Shungskoye Rural Settlement |
| • Capital of | Shungskoye Rural Settlement[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (UTC+03:00  [4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 186304 |
| OKTMO ID | 86624470101 |
Shunga (Russian: Шуньга; Karelian: Šun’ga; Finnish: Sunku) is a large village in the Zaonezhie peninsula by Lake Putkozero in Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is part of Medvezhyegorsky District and is located around 50 km from the district capital, Medvezhyegorsk. The mineraloid shungite is named after this village as it was first described based on deposits found nearby.[6][7]
History
[edit]The first mention of the Shunga churchyard is contained in the list of the Chelmuzhsky bypass charter of 1375. In the 15th century, the village was a transshipment point on the way of transporting salt from the White Sea coast. Since the 18th century, the Shunga Fair, the largest in the Russian North, has become widely known. It was the main point of wholesale trade in food and industrial goods and was held four times a year — Epiphany (Epiphany) from January 6 to 18, the National Team from the first Sunday of Lent for 6 days, the Annunciation from March 25 to April 2, and Nikolskaya from December 6 to 12. Due to the construction of the Povenetsko—Shunga tract in 1880 and the Murmansk Railway in 1914, when salt, fish and game began to follow directly from the White Sea to St. Petersburg, the importance of fairs declined and by the 1930s fairs ceased to be held.
Between 1900-1908, at the expense of the merchant and philanthropist I. I. Krylov, who lived in Shunga, the Church of the Holy Virgin was restored after a fire, and the Shunga Nikolskaya almshouse of the spouses I. I. and P. Y. Krylov was built and equipped.[8] In 1911, a bust of Tsar Alexander II was unveiled in Shunga due to the 50th anniversary of the emancipation reform of 1861 which had liberated the serfs.[9] At the beginning of the 20th century, Shunga Hospital with 30 beds was opened.[10]
In the 1910s and 1920s, a credit partnership, a cheese-making artel, and a consumer society operated in Shunga.[11][12]
From 1927-1930 Shunga was the center of Shungsky district, and from 1930-1944 the center of Zaonezhsky district.
At the end of the 19th century, the products of zaonezhsky embroiderers became famous. In 1907, a Manual Labor Assistance Society was organized in the village, uniting 300 home-based embroiderers. In 1929, the Zaonezhskaya Embroidery artel was established, since the 2000s - the Karelian Patterns factory, specializing in the production of products made of natural fabrics decorated with traditional Zaonezhskaya embroidery.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 86224000135», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 86224000135, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Law #871-ZRK
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ "Shunga". Karelia Tourist Portal. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- ^ Amato, I. (10 July 1992). "A First Sighting of Buckyballs in the Wild". Science. 257 (5067): 167–167. doi:10.1126/science.257.5067.167. JSTOR 2877518. PMID 17794747.
- ^ Карелия: энциклопедия: в 3 т. / гл. ред. А. Ф. Титов. Т. 2: К — П. — Петрозаводск: ИД «ПетроПресс», 2009. С. 117—464 с.: ил., карт.
- ^ Олонецкие губернские ведомости. 1911. 13 октября, 8 декабря
- ^ "Крестьянство и земство (Заонежье 1867—1917 гг.)" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2020-01-24.
- ^ "Дианова Е. В. Советские праздники 1920-х годов и центры традиционной культуры Карелии" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2019-01-19.
- ^ "Дианова Е. В. Кредитная кооперация Карелии" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2019-01-19.
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