Timeline of Baku
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Baku, Azerbaijan.
Prior to 20th century
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- 12th century CE – Maiden Tower (Baku) built.
- 1169 – Lezgi Mosque built.[citation needed]
- 1378 – Juma Mosque built.[1]
- 1442 – Palatial mosque of Palace of the Shirvanshahs built.
- 1509 – Persians in power.[2]
- 1578 – Ottomans in power.[3]
- 1603 – Persians in power again.[4]
- 1723 – Town taken by Russians.[2]
- 1732 – Oil refinery in operation.[5]
- 1735 – Persians in power again.[4][2]
- 1747 – Baku Khanate established.[citation needed]
- 1806 – Town taken by Russian forces.[2]
- 1813 – Town becomes part of Russia per Gulistan Treaty.[6]
- 1817 – Cholera outbreak.[4]
- 1823 – Paraffin factory begins operating.[4]
- 1832 – "First secular Russian school" opens.[3]
- 1846 – Baku becomes part of the Shemakh province.[3]
- 1859
- Oil refineries begin operating on outskirts of town.[4]
- Town becomes capital of the newly established Baku Governorate.[3]
- 1860 – Population: 13,381.[2]
- 1868
- Tbilisi-Baku telegraph begins operating.[4]
- Fountains Square constructed.
- 1875 – Ekinchi begins publication.[7]
- 1878 – Iosif Dzahkerli becomes mayor.
- 1883 – Batum-Baku railway built.[8]
- 1884
- Baku Railway Station built.[citation needed]
- Oil Extractors Congress Council established.[4]
- 1886 – Population: 45,679.[9]
- 1887
- Baku Polytechnicum established.
- Armenian Saint Gregory the Illuminator's Church, Baku built.
- 1897 – Population: 112,253.[2]
- 1900 – Population: 179,133.[2]
20th century
[edit]- 1901 – Synagogue built.[10]
- 1902 – Baku International Sea Trade Port opens.
- 1903 – July: Labor strike.[11][12]
- 1904
- Balakhany and Bibi-Eibat Workers Organisation founded.[13]
- City hall built.[citation needed]
- 1905
- Armenian–Tatar massacre.[2]
- Irshad newspaper begins publication.[7]
- 1907 – Batumi-Baku oil pipeline constructed.[4][14]
- 1909 – Baku Boulevard constructed.
- 1910 – Phenomenon cinema built.
- 1912 – Philharmonic Hall built.
- 1913
- Ismailiyya building constructed.
- Population: 237,000.[15]
- 1914 – Taza Pir Mosque built.
- 1917 – Iranian communist Edalat Party founded in Baku.[16]
- 1918
- March Days inter-ethnic conflict.
- September Days massacre of Armenians.
- Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.[3]
- 1919
- Baku State University founded.[17]
- Molodezh Azerbaijana newspaper begins publication.[17]
- 1920
- 28 April: 11th Army (Soviet Union) takes city.
- Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.[18]
- Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra and Baku Polytechnic Institute founded.
- Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater active.[19]
- Kirov raion created.[citation needed]
- 1922
- 7 November: Avraamov's Symphony of Sirens performed.[20]
- State Drama Theatre opens.[19]
- 1923
- National Library of Azerbaijan opens on Torgovaya.
- Baku Theatre Technical School founded.[19]
- 1925 – Baku Workers' and Peasants Theatre opens.[19]
- 1928 – Theatre of Young Spectators founded.[19]
- 1931 – Baku Puppet Theatre established.[19]
- 1939 – Population: 809,347 metro.[21]
- 1940 – Baku Museum of Education founded.[17]
- 1941 – Kishlinsky district created.[citation needed]
- 1945 – Azerbaijan State Institute for the Arts active.[19]
- 1949 – Sumqayit developed near city.[21]
- 1951 – Stalin Stadium opens.
- 1952 – Government House built.
- 1965 – Population: 737,000 city; 1,137,000 urban agglomeration.[22]
- 1967
- Baku Metro begins operating.
- Azerbaijan Carpet Museum established.
- 1979 – Population: 1,046,000.[23]
- 1985 – Population: 1,693,000 (estimate).[24]
- 1989
- 1990
- January:
- Baku pogrom of Armenians.[27]
- Black January.[28]
- Sanan Alizade becomes mayor.
- January:
- 1991
- City becomes capital of Azerbaijan Republic.[6]
- 1993
- Rafael Allahverdiyev becomes mayor.
- 1994
- 1995
- October: 1995 Baku Metro fire.
- 2000 – 25 November: The 6.8 Mw Baku earthquake affected the region.
21st century
[edit]- 2001 – Hajibala Abutalybov becomes mayor.
- 2005 – Center for Economic and Social Development established.[29]
- 2006
- Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline in operation.[27]
- State Maritime Administration (Azerbaijan) headquartered in city.
- 2008
- December: International Mugham Center of Azerbaijan opens.
- 2009 – Uzeyir Hajibeyov International Music Festival begins.
- 2010
- National Flag Square opens in Bayil.
- SOCAR Tower construction begins.
- 2012
- Baku Crystal Hall built.
- Heydar Aliyev Center opens.
- May: Eurovision Song Contest 2012 held in city.
- Population: 2,122,300.
- 2013
- Flame Towers opens.
- 2014
- Lycée français de Bakou opened. Ilham Aliyev and his wife participated in the opening ceremony.[30]
- 2015
- Baku National Stadium opens.
- March: Baku Olympic Stadium opens.
- June: 2015 European Games held in city.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ ArchNet. "Baku". Archived from the original on 25 October 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c d e S. Soucek; R. G. Suny. "Baku". Encyclopædia Iranica. New York: Columbia University, Center for Iranian Studies. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Dumper and Stanley 2008.
- ^ M. S. Vassiliou (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6288-3.
- ^ a b Bosworth 2007.
- ^ a b Shirin Akiner (2010). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-14274-1.
- ^ Thomas de Waal (2010). "Chronology". The Caucasus: An Introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 229+. ISBN 978-0-19-974620-0.
- ^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1890). "Russia: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
- ^ Jewish Encyclopedia 1907.
- ^ Firouzeh Mostashari (2006). On the Religious Frontier: Tsarist Russia and Islam in the Caucasus. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-85043-771-0.
- ^ Chris Cook; John Stevenson (2003). "Russian Revolution (chronology)". Longman Handbook of Twentieth Century Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89224-3.
- ^ Tadeusz Swietochowski (2004). Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-52245-8.
- ^ "A Russian Petroleum Pipe Line Carrying Oil from Baku to Batoum", Cassier's Magazine, vol. 19, New York, pp. 42 v, November 1900, hdl:2027/uiug.30112073488907
- ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: Caucasia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ Touraj Atabaki (2013). "Comintern, the Soviet Union and Labour Militancy in Interwar Iran". In Stephanie Cronin (ed.). Iranian-Russian Encounters: Empires and Revolutions Since 1800. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-62433-6.
- ^ a b c d "Azerbaijan: Directory". Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003. Europa Publications. 2002. p. 121+. ISBN 978-1-85743-137-7.
- ^ Igor S. Zonn; et al., eds. (2010). Caspian Sea Encyclopedia. Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-11524-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ron Rubin, ed. (1994). "Azerbaijan". World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. Routledge. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-136-11804-3.
- ^ Adrian Curtin (2014). Avant-Garde Theatre Sound: Staging Sonic Modernity. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-32479-5.
- ^ a b Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Baku", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 146, OL 6112221M
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
- ^ Henry W. Morton and Robert C. Stuart, ed. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Azerbaijan". Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. Brill. 2014. p. 67. ISBN 978-90-04-28305-3.
- ^ Michael Kemper; et al., eds. (2010). Islamic Education in the Soviet Union and Its Successor States. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-20731-2.
- ^ a b "Azerbaijan Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 20 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- ^ Jahanshir Afandiyev (18 December 2019). "Black January in the World Press". Milliyyət Araşdırmalar Mərkəzi.
- ^ "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- ^ "Ilham Aliyev attended the opening of the French Lyceum of Baku". en.president.az. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
This article incorporates information from the Azerbaijani Wikipedia and Russian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
[edit]- Published in 19th century
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Baku", New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- Edward Balfour, ed. (1871). "Bakoh". Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia (2nd ed.). Madras.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Charles Marvin (1883). Baku: the Petrolia of Europe. London: R. Anderson & Co.
- F. H. Trevithick (1886), A Sketchy Report on the Petroleum Industry at Baku, Cairo: National Printing Office, OL 23382205M
- "Baku", Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (4th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1888
- Published in 20th century
- "Baku", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901, hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5bc48059 – via HathiTrust
- James Dodds Henry (1905), Baku: an Eventful History, London: A. Constable & Co., OCLC 24454390, OL 6972546M
- "Baku", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 2, New York, 1907
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch (1910). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). pp. 230–231.
- William Eleroy Curtis (1911). "(Baku)". Around the Black Sea. New York: Hodder & Stoughton. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3222tf2d.
- W. Barthold (1913). "Baku". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9004097961.
- "Baku", Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
- William Henry Beable (1919), "Baku", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook
- Kurban Said (1937). Ali und Nino (in German). Vienna.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (Novel set in Baku) - Alstadt, Audrey L. The Azerbaijani Bourgeoisie and the Cultural-Enlightenment Movement in Baku: First Steps Toward Nationalism. 1983
- Audrey Altstadt-Mirhadi, “Baku: Transformation of a Muslim Town,” in The City in Late Imperial Russia, ed. Michael F. Hamm (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986)
- Altstadt, A., 'The Baku city duma: arena for elite conflict', Central Asian Survey, 5 (1986)
- Published in 21st century
- C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Baku". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-9004153882.
- Michael R.T. Dumper and Bruce E. Stanley, ed. (2008), "Baku", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 9781576079195
- "Baku". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Baku.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Baku, various dates
 Years in Azerbaijan (1918–present) | |
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| Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918–1920) | |
| Soviet Azerbaijan (1920–1991) | |
| Republic of Azerbaijan (1991–present) | |
