User:Kweetal nl/sandbox28

This is a list of the wild birds found in Australia including its outlying islands and territories, but excluding the Australian Antarctic Territory. The outlying islands covered include: Christmas, Cocos (Keeling), Ashmore, Torres Strait, Coral Sea, Lord Howe, Norfolk, Macquarie and Heard/McDonald. The list includes introduced species, common vagrants and recently extinct species. It excludes species only present in captivity. 975 extant and extinct species are listed.

There have been three comprehensive accounts: the first was John Gould's Birds of Australia, the second Gregory Mathews, and the third was the Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds (1990-2006).

The taxonomy originally followed is from Christidis and Boles, 2008.^[1] Their system has been developed over nearly two decades^[2] and has strong local support,^[3] but deviates in important ways from more generally accepted schemes. Supplemental updates follow The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2022 edition.

^[4]^[5] This list uses British English throughout. Bird names and other wording follows that convention.

Ostriches

Order: Struthioniformes Family: Struthionidae

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
This order is not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species have become established in South Australia and possibly on the New South Wales/Victoria border.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Common ostrich	Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758	introduced

Cassowaries and emu

Order: Casuariiformes Family: Casuariidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
This family of flightless ratite birds is represented by two living species in Australia. Another two species are found in New Guinea. The extinct, geographically isolated King and Kangaroo Island emus were historically considered to be separate species to mainland emus. However, genetic evidence from 2011 suggests that all three are conspecific.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Southern cassowary	Casuarius casuarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Emu	Dromaius novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790)

Magpie goose

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anseranatidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The family contains a single species, the magpie goose. It was an early and distinctive offshoot of the anseriform family tree, diverging after the screamers and before all other ducks, geese and swans, sometime in the late Cretaceous. The single species is found across Australia.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Magpie goose	Anseranas semipalmata (Latham, 1798)

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae

30 species recorded [20 extant native, 3 introduced, 7 vagrant]
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. In Australia, 30 species have been recorded, of which three have been introduced, and seven are vagrants.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spotted whistling-duck	Dendrocygna guttata Schlegel, 1866
Plumed whistling-duck	Dendrocygna eytoni (Eyton, 1838)
Wandering whistling-duck	Dendrocygna arcuata (Horsfield, 1824)
Canada goose	Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, presumably from introduced NZ population
Domestic greylag goose	Anser anser (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced
Cape Barren goose	Cereopsis novaehollandiae Latham, 1801
Freckled duck	Stictonetta naevosa (Gould, 1841)
Mute swan	Cygnus olor (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	introduced
Black swan	Cygnus atratus (Latham, 1790)
Radjah shelduck	Radjah radjah (Garnot & Lesson, RP, 1828)
Australian shelduck	Tadorna tadornoides (Jardine & Selby, 1828)
Paradise shelduck	Tadorna variegata (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant, Lord Howe Island & NSW
Green pygmy-goose	Nettapus pulchellus Gould, 1842
Cotton pygmy-goose	Nettapus coromandelianus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Australian wood duck	Chenonetta jubata (Latham, 1801)
Garganey	Spatula querquedula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Australian shoveler	Spatula rhynchotis (Latham, 1801)
Northern shoveler	Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Eurasian wigeon	Mareca penelope (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Pacific black duck	Anas superciliosa Gmelin, JF, 1789
Northern mallard	Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758	introduced
Domestic mallard	Anas platyrhynchos domesticus	introduced
Pacific black duck × mallard hybrid	Anas superciliosa × platyrhynchos	native × introduced hybrid
Domestic muscovy duck	Cairina moschata domesticus	introduced
Northern pintail	Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Green-winged teal	Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Island
Grey teal	Anas gracilis Buller, 1869
Chestnut teal	Anas castanea (Eyton, 1838)
Pink-eared duck	Malacorhynchus membranaceus (Latham, 1801)
Hardhead	Aythya australis (Eyton, 1838)
Tufted duck	Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Blue-billed duck	Oxyura australis Gould, 1837
Musk duck	Biziura lobata (Shaw, 1796)

Megapodes

Order: Galliformes Family: Megapodiidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Megapodiidae are represented by various species in the Australasian region, although only three species are found in Australia. They are commonly referred to as "mound-builders" due to their habit of constructing large mounds to incubate their eggs.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian brushturkey	Alectura lathami Gray, JE, 1831
Malleefowl	Leipoa ocellata Gould, 1840
Orange-footed scrubfowl	Megapodius reinwardt Dumont, 1823

Guineafowl

Order: Galliformes Family: Numididae

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
Numididae are not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species exist in Queensland.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Helmeted guineafowl	Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced

New World quail

Order: Galliformes Family: Odontophoridae

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
Odontophoridae are not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species survive in external territories and possibly the mainland.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
California quail	Callipepla californica (Shaw, 1798)	introduced, Norfolk & King Island

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae

8 species recorded [3 extant native, 5 introduced]
Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. Three species are native to Australia, and five commonly domesticated species are feral, with most established populations persisting on offshore islands.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Indian peafowl	Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758	introduced, King, Rottnest & Furneaux Islands
Brown quail	Coturnix ypsilophora
Blue-breasted quail	Excalfactoria chinensis
Stubble quail	Coturnix pectoralis Gould, 1837
Red junglefowl	Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced, Norfolk & Christmas Island
Green junglefowl	Gallus varius (Shaw, 1798)	introduced, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Ring-necked pheasant	Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758	introduced, King, Flinders & Rottnest Island
Wild turkey	Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus, 1758	introduced, King, Flinders & Kangaroo Island

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes Family: Phoenicopteridae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
Australia has only a single record of any flamingo species, from the North Keeling Island. Several prehistoric species are also known to have existed.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Greater flamingo	Phoenicopterus roseus Pallas, 1811	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae

4 species recorded [3 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. Three species have been regularly recorded in Australia, and a fourth is a vagrant.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Little grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis (Pallas, 1764)	vagrant
Australasian grebe	Tachybaptus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)
Hoary-headed grebe	Poliocephalus poliocephalus (Jardine & Selby, 1827)
Great crested grebe	Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae

41 species recorded [27 extant native, 4 introduced, 7 vagrant, 2 extirpated native, 1 extinct native]
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. In Australian territory 41 species have been recorded, four of which have been introduced, and another six are vagrants. One has become extinct since European colonisation.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Rock pigeon	Columba livia Gmelin, JF, 1789	introduced
Metallic pigeon	Columba vitiensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1832	extirpated, Lord Howe Island
White-headed pigeon	Columba leucomela Temminck, 1821
Oriental turtle-dove	Streptopelia orientalis (Latham, 1790)	vagrant
Barbary dove	Streptopelia risoria	introduced
Red collared-dove	Streptopelia tranquebarica (Hermann, 1804)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Spotted dove	Spilopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786)	introduced
Laughing dove	Spilopelia senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766)	introduced
Brown cuckoo-dove	Macropygia phasianella (Temminck, 1821)
Asian emerald dove	Chalcophaps indica (Linnaeus, 1758)	Christmas Island
Pacific emerald dove	Chalcophaps longirostris Gould, 1848
Stephan's dove	Chalcophaps stephani Reichenbach, 1851	vagrant
Norfolk ground dove	Alopecoenas norfolciensis	extinct, Norfolk Island
Common bronzewing	Phaps chalcoptera (Latham, 1790)
Brush bronzewing	Phaps elegans (Temminck, 1809)
Flock bronzewing	Phaps histrionica (Gould, 1841)
Crested pigeon	Ocyphaps lophotes (Temminck, 1822)
Spinifex pigeon	Geophaps plumifera Gould, 1842
Squatter pigeon	Geophaps scripta (Temminck, 1821)
Partridge pigeon	Geophaps smithii (Jardine & Selby, 1830)
Chestnut-quilled rock-pigeon	Petrophassa rufipennis Collett, 1898
White-quilled rock-pigeon	Petrophassa albipennis Gould, 1841
Wonga pigeon	Leucosarcia melanoleuca (Latham, 1801)
Diamond dove	Geopelia cuneata (Latham, 1801)
Peaceful dove	Geopelia placida Gould, 1844
Bar-shouldered dove	Geopelia humeralis (Temminck, 1821)
Nicobar pigeon	Caloenas nicobarica (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Black-banded fruit-dove	Ptilinopus alligator Collett, 1898
Wompoo fruit-dove	Ptilinopus magnificus (Temminck, 1821)
Orange-fronted fruit-dove	Ptilinopus aurantiifrons Gray, GR, 1858	vagrant
Superb fruit-dove	Ptilinopus superbus (Temminck, 1809)
Rose-crowned fruit-dove	Ptilinopus regina Swainson, 1825
Orange-bellied fruit-dove	Ptilinopus iozonus Gray, GR, 1858	vagrant, Torres Strait
Elegant imperial-pigeon	Ducula concinna (Wallace, 1865)	vagrant
Island imperial-pigeon	Ducula pistrinaria Bonaparte, 1855
Christmas Island imperial-pigeon	Ducula whartoni (Sharpe, 1887)	Christmas Island
Collared imperial-pigeon	Ducula mullerii (Temminck, 1835)
Torresian imperial-pigeon	Ducula spilorrhoa (Gray, GR, 1858)
Topknot pigeon	Lopholaimus antarcticus (Shaw, 1793)
New Zealand pigeon	Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	extirpated, Norfolk Island

Bustards

Order: Otidiformes Family: Otididae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian bustard	Ardeotis australis (Gray, JE, 1829)

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae

21 species recorded [14 extant native, 7 vagrant]
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Lesser coucal	Centropus bengalensis (Gmelin, JF, 1788)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Pheasant coucal	Centropus phasianinus (Latham, 1801)
Chestnut-winged cuckoo	Clamator coromandus (Linnaeus, 1766)	vagrant
Asian koel	Eudynamys scolopaceus (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, Christmas, Barrow Island, WA & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Pacific koel	Eudynamys orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Long-tailed koel	Urodynamis taitensis (Sparrman, 1787)	vagrant, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
Channel-billed cuckoo	Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham, 1790
Long-billed cuckoo	Chrysococcyx megarhynchus (Gray, GR, 1858)
Horsfield's bronze-cuckoo	Chrysococcyx basalis (Horsfield, 1821)
Black-eared cuckoo	Chrysococcyx osculans (Gould, 1847)
Shining bronze-cuckoo	Chrysococcyx lucidus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Little bronze-cuckoo	Chrysococcyx minutillus Gould, 1859
Pallid cuckoo	Cacomantis pallidus (Latham, 1801)
Chestnut-breasted cuckoo	Cacomantis castaneiventris (Gould, 1867)
Fan-tailed cuckoo	Cacomantis flabelliformis (Latham, 1801)
Brush cuckoo	Cacomantis variolosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo	Surniculus lugubris (Horsfield, 1821)	vagrant
Large hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx sparverioides (Vigors, 1832)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx nisicolor (Blyth, 1843)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Indian cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus Gould, 1838	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Oriental cuckoo	Cuculus optatus Gould, 1845

Frogmouths

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Podargidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The frogmouths are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from India across southern Asia to Australia. Three species are found in Australia.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Tawny frogmouth	Podargus strigoides (Latham, 1801)
Marbled frogmouth	Podargus ocellatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
Papuan frogmouth	Podargus papuensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1832

Nightjars and allies

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae

5 species recorded [3 extant native, 2 vagrant]
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spotted nightjar	Eurostopodus argus Hartert, EJO, 1892
White-throated nightjar	Eurostopodus mystacalis (Temminck, 1826)
Grey nightjar	Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck & Schlegel, 1845	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Large-tailed nightjar	Caprimulgus macrurus Horsfield, 1821
Savanna nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, 1821	vagrant, Christmas Island

Owlet-nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Aegothelidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia. One species is found in Australia.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian owlet-nightjar	Aegotheles cristatus (Shaw, 1790)

Swifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Apodidae

9 species recorded [4 extant native, 5 vagrant]
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. Nine species recorded in Australian territory, five of which are vagrants.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Papuan spine-tailed swift	Mearnsia novaeguineae (D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879)	vagrant, Torres Strait
White-throated needletail	Hirundapus caudacutus (Latham, 1801)
Christmas Island swiftlet	Collocalia natalis Lister, 1889	Christmas Island
Glossy swiftlet	Collocalia esculenta (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Australian swiftlet	Aerodramus terraereginae (Ramsay, EP, 1875)
Uniform swiftlet	Aerodramus vanikorensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)	vagrant
Mossy-nest swiftlet	Aerodramus salangana (Streubel, 1848)	vagrant
Pacific swift	Apus pacificus (Latham, 1801)
Common swift	Apus apus (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
House swift	Apus affinis (Gray, JE, 1830)	vagrant

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae

24 species recorded [15 extant native, 7 vagrant, 1 extirpated, 1 extinct native]
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Corn crake	Crex crex (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Lewin's rail	Lewinia pectoralis (Temminck, 1831)
Chestnut rail	Gallirallus castaneoventris
Weka	Gallirallus australis (Sparrman, 1786)	extirpated introduced population on Macquarie Island
Lord Howe woodhen	Gallirallus sylvestris	Lord Howe Island
Buff-banded rail	Gallirallus philippensis
Black-tailed nativehen	Tribonyx ventralis (Gould, 1837)
Tasmanian nativehen	Tribonyx mortierii Du Bus de Gisignies, 1840
Spotted crake	Porzana porzana (Linnaeus, 1766)	vagrant
Australian crake	Porzana fluminea Gould, 1843
Eurasian moorhen	Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dusky moorhen	Gallinula tenebrosa Gould, 1846
Eurasian coot	Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758
Australasian swamphen	Porphyrio melanotus Temminck, 1820
Lord Howe swamphen	Porphyrio albus (Shaw, 1790)	extinct, Lord Howe Island
Watercock	Gallicrex cinerea (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
White-breasted waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus (Pennant, 1769)	vagrant, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Pale-vented bush-hen	Amaurornis moluccana (Wallace, 1865)
White-browed crake	Poliolimnas cinereus (Vieillot, 1819)
Red-necked crake	Rallina tricolor Gray, GR, 1858
Red-legged crake	Rallina fasciata (Raffles, 1822)	vagrant
Ruddy-breasted crake	Zapornia fusca (Linnaeus, 1766)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Baillon's crake	Zapornia pusilla (Pallas, 1776)
Spotless crake	Zapornia tabuensis (Gmelin, JF, 1789)

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Sarus crane	Antigone antigone (Linnaeus, 1758)
Brolga	Antigone rubicunda (Perry, 1810)

Sheathbills

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Chionidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The sheathbills are scavengers of the Antarctic regions. They have white plumage and look plump and dove-like but are believed to be similar to the ancestors of the modern gulls and terns.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Black-faced sheathbill	Chionis minor Hartlaub, 1841	Heard Island; mainland vagrant

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Burhinidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Bush thick-knee	Burhinus grallarius (Latham, 1801)
Beach thick-knee	Esacus magnirostris (Vieillot, 1818)

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin straight bills.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Pied stilt	Himantopus leucocephalus Gould, 1837
Banded stilt	Cladorhynchus leucocephalus (Vieillot, 1816)
Red-necked avocet	Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Vieillot, 1816

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Pied oystercatcher	Haematopus longirostris Vieillot, 1817
South Island oystercatcher	Haematopus finschi Martens, GH, 1897	vagrant
Sooty oystercatcher	Haematopus fuliginosus Gould, 1845

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae

21 species recorded [15 extant native, 6 vagrant]
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Black-bellied plover	Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758)
European golden-plover	Pluvialis apricaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
American golden-plover	Pluvialis dominica (Müller, PLS, 1776)	vagrant
Pacific golden-plover	Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Grey-headed lapwing	Vanellus cinereus (Blyth, 1842)	vagrant
Banded lapwing	Vanellus tricolor (Vieillot, 1818)
Masked lapwing	Vanellus miles (Boddaert, 1783)
Lesser sand-plover	Charadrius mongolus Pallas, 1776
Greater sand-plover	Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson, RP, 1826
Caspian plover	Charadrius asiaticus Pallas, 1773	vagrant
Double-banded plover	Charadrius bicinctus Jardine & Selby, 1827
Red-capped plover	Charadrius ruficapillus Temminck, 1821
Kentish plover	Charadrius alexandrinus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Common ringed plover	Charadrius hiaticula Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Semipalmated plover	Charadrius semipalmatus Bonaparte, 1825	vagrant
Little ringed plover	Charadrius dubius Scopoli, 1786
Oriental plover	Charadrius veredus Gould, 1848
Red-kneed dotterel	Erythrogonys cinctus Gould, 1838
Hooded plover	Thinornis cucullatus (Vieillot, 1818)
Black-fronted dotterel	Elseyornis melanops (Vieillot, 1818)
Inland dotterel	Peltohyas australis (Gould, 1841)

Plains-wanderer

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Pedionomidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The plains-wanderer is a quail-like ground bird. They are excellent camouflagers, and will first hide at any disturbance. If they're approached too close, they will run as opposed to flying, which they are very poor at.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Plains-wanderer	Pedionomus torquatus Gould, 1840

Painted-snipe

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Painted-snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian painted-snipe	Rostratula australis (Gould, 1838)

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The jacanas are a group of waders found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Comb-crested jacana	Irediparra gallinacea (Temminck, 1828)
Pheasant-tailed jacana	Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli, 1786)	vagrant

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae

47 species recorded [29 extant native, 18 vagrant]
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Upland sandpiper	Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein, 1812)	vagrant
Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Little curlew	Numenius minutus Gould, 1841
Far Eastern curlew	Numenius madagascariensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Eurasian curlew	Numenius arquata (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Bar-tailed godwit	Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-tailed godwit	Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Hudsonian godwit	Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Ruddy turnstone	Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758)
Great knot	Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield, 1821)
Red knot	Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ruff	Calidris pugnax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Broad-billed sandpiper	Calidris falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Sharp-tailed sandpiper	Calidris acuminata (Horsfield, 1821)
Stilt sandpiper	Calidris himantopus (Bonaparte, 1826)	vagrant
Curlew sandpiper	Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Temminck's stint	Calidris temminckii (Leisler, 1812)	vagrant
Long-toed stint	Calidris subminuta (Middendorff, 1853)
Red-necked stint	Calidris ruficollis (Pallas, 1776)
Sanderling	Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764)
Dunlin	Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Baird's sandpiper	Calidris bairdii (Coues, 1861)	vagrant
Little stint	Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812)	vagrant
White-rumped sandpiper	Calidris fuscicollis (Vieillot, 1819)	vagrant
Buff-breasted sandpiper	Calidris subruficollis (Vieillot, 1819)	vagrant
Pectoral sandpiper	Calidris melanotos (Vieillot, 1819)
Asian dowitcher	Limnodromus semipalmatus (Blyth, 1848)
Short-billed dowitcher	Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Long-billed dowitcher	Limnodromus scolopaceus (Say, 1822)	vagrant
Latham's snipe	Gallinago hardwickii (Gray, JE, 1831)
Pin-tailed snipe	Gallinago stenura (Bonaparte, 1831)
Swinhoe's snipe	Gallinago megala Swinhoe, 1861
Terek sandpiper	Xenus cinereus (Güldenstädt, 1775)
Wilson's phalarope	Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot, 1819)	vagrant
Red-necked phalarope	Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Red phalarope	Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Common sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758)
Green sandpiper	Tringa ochropus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Grey-tailed tattler	Tringa brevipes (Vieillot, 1816)
Wandering tattler	Tringa incana (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Spotted redshank	Tringa erythropus (Pallas, 1764)	vagrant
Common greenshank	Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767)
Nordmann's greenshank	Tringa guttifer (Nordmann, 1835)	vagrant
Lesser yellowlegs	Tringa flavipes (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Marsh sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803)
Wood sandpiper	Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758
Common redshank	Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Buttonquail

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Turnicidae

7 species recorded [7 extant native]
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Red-backed buttonquail	Turnix maculosus (Temminck, 1815)
Black-breasted buttonquail	Turnix melanogaster (Gould, 1837)
Chestnut-backed buttonquail	Turnix castanotus (Gould, 1840)
Buff-breasted buttonquail	Turnix olivii Robinson, 1900
Painted buttonquail	Turnix varius (Latham, 1801)
Red-chested buttonquail	Turnix pyrrhothorax (Gould, 1841)
Little buttonquail	Turnix velox (Gould, 1841)

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings, and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings, and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian pratincole	Stiltia isabella (Vieillot, 1816)
Collared pratincole	Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1766)	vagrant
Oriental pratincole	Glareola maldivarum Forster, JR, 1795

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Stercorariidae

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
South polar skua	Stercorarius maccormicki Saunders, H, 1893	vagrant
Brown skua	Stercorarius antarcticus (Lesson, RP, 1831)
Pomarine jaeger	Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck, 1815)
Parasitic jaeger	Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Long-tailed jaeger	Stercorarius longicauda	vagrant

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae

37 species recorded [25 extant native, 12 vagrant]
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Sabine's gull	Xema sabini (Sabine, 1819)	vagrant
Silver gull	Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)
Black-headed gull	Chroicocephalus ridibundus (Linnaeus, 1766)	vagrant
Laughing gull	Leucophaeus atricilla (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Franklin's gull	Leucophaeus pipixcan (Wagler, 1831)	vagrant
Black-tailed gull	Larus crassirostris Vieillot, 1818	vagrant
Pacific gull	Larus pacificus Latham, 1801
Mew gull	Larus canus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Christmas Island
Lesser black-backed gull	Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & possibly mainland
Slaty-backed gull	Larus schistisagus Stejneger, 1884	vagrant
Kelp gull	Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823
Brown noddy	Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black noddy	Anous minutus Boie, F, 1844
Lesser noddy	Anous tenuirostris (Temminck, 1823)
Grey noddy	Anous albivitta (Bonaparte, 1856)
Blue-grey noddy	Anous ceruleus (Bennett, FD, 1840)
White tern	Gygis alba (Sparrman, 1786)	Lord Howe, Norfolk & Cocos (Keeling) Islands; mainland vagrant
Sooty tern	Onychoprion fuscata
Grey-backed tern	Onychoprion lunatus (Peale, 1849)	vagrant
Bridled tern	Onychoprion anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786)
Aleutian tern	Onychoprion aleuticus (Baird, SF, 1869)	vagrant
Little tern	Sternula albifrons (Pallas, 1764)
Australian fairy tern	Sternula nereis Gould, 1843
Saunders's tern	Sternula saundersi (Hume, 1877)	Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Gull-billed tern	Gelochelidon nilotica (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	is a mainland vagrant
Caspian tern	Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770)
Black tern	Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
White-winged tern	Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815)
Whiskered tern	Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811)
Black-fronted tern	Chlidonias albostriatus (Gray, GR, 1845)	vagrant
Roseate tern	Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813
White-fronted tern	Sterna striata Gmelin, JF, 1789
Black-naped tern	Sterna sumatrana Raffles, 1822
Common tern	Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758
Arctic tern	Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763	vagrant
Antarctic tern	Sterna vittata Gmelin, JF, 1789	Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Greater crested tern	Thalasseus bergii (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)
Lesser crested tern	Thalasseus bengalensis (Lesson, RP, 1831)

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. Three species have been recorded from Australian waters.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
White-tailed tropicbird	Phaethon lepturus Daudin, 1802
Red-billed tropicbird	Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Lord Howe Island
Red-tailed tropicbird	Phaethon rubricauda Boddaert, 1783

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes Family: Spheniscidae

15 species recorded [7 extant native, 8 vagrant]
Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in Antarctica. Only one species, the Australian little penguin, breeds on the Australian coast.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
King penguin	Aptenodytes patagonicus Miller, JF, 1778	Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Emperor penguin	Aptenodytes forsteri Gray, GR, 1844	vagrant, Macquarie & Heard Island
Adélie penguin	Pygoscelis adeliae (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841)	vagrant, TAS, Macquarie & Heard Island
Gentoo penguin	Pygoscelis papua (Forster, JR, 1781)	Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Chinstrap penguin	Pygoscelis antarcticus (Forster, JR, 1781)	vagrant, VIC, TAS, Macquarie & Heard Island
Australian little penguin	Eudyptula novaehollandiae
Magellanic penguin	Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster, JR, 1781)	vagrant
Fiordland penguin	Eudyptes pachyrhynchus Gray, GR, 1845
Erect-crested penguin	Eudyptes sclateri Buller, 1888	vagrant
Macaroni penguin	Eudyptes chrysolophus (Brandt, JF, 1837)	vagrant; Macquarie Island; Heard Island
Royal penguin	Eudyptes schlegeli Finsch, 1876	Macquarie Island; mainland vagrant
Southern rockhopper penguin	Eudyptes chrysocome (Forster, JR, 1781)	Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Moseley's rockhopper penguin	Eudyptes moseleyi Mathews & Iredale, 1921	vagrant
Snares penguin	Eudyptes robustus Oliver, 1953	vagrant

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae

13 species recorded [11 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world. Thirteen species are seen to varying degrees in Australian waters, with two recorded as vagrants.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Yellow-nosed albatross	Thalassarche chlororhynchos (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Grey-headed albatross	Thalassarche chrysostoma (Forster, JR, 1785)
Buller's albatross	Thalassarche bulleri (Rothschild, 1893)
White-capped albatross	Thalassarche cauta (Gould, 1841)
Salvin's albatross	Thalassarche salvini (Rothschild, 1893)
Chatham albatross	Thalassarche eremita Murphy, 1930	vagrant
Campbell albatross	Thalassarche impavida Mathews, 1912
Black-browed albatross	Thalassarche melanophris (Temminck, 1828)
Sooty albatross	Phoebetria fusca (Hilsenberg, 1822)
Light-mantled albatross	Phoebetria palpebrata (Forster, JR, 1785)
Royal albatross	Diomedea epomophora Lesson, RP, 1825
Wandering albatross	Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758

Southern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae

7 species recorded [5 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Wilson's storm-petrel	Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820)
Grey-backed storm-petrel	Garrodia nereis (Gould, 1841)
White-faced storm-petrel	Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790)
White-bellied storm-petrel	Fregetta grallaria (Vieillot, 1818)
New Zealand storm-petrel	Fregetta maoriana (Mathews, 1932)	vagrant
Black-bellied storm-petrel	Fregetta tropica (Gould, 1844)
Polynesian storm-petrel	Nesofregetta fuliginosa (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant

Northern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae

5 species recorded [2 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Leach's storm-petrel	Hydrobates leucorhous (Vieillot, 1818)	vagrant
Swinhoe's storm-petrel	Hydrobates monorhis (Swinhoe, 1867)
Band-rumped storm-petrel	Hydrobates castro (Harcourt, 1851)	vagrant
Matsudaira's storm-petrel	Hydrobates matsudairae (Kuroda & Nm, 1922)
Tristram's storm-petrel	Hydrobates tristrami (Salvin, 1896)	vagrant

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae

61 species recorded [41 native extant, 19 vagrant, 1 extirpated]
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Southern giant-petrel	Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Northern giant-petrel	Macronectes halli Mathews, 1912
Southern fulmar	Fulmarus glacialoides (Smith, A, 1840)
Antarctic petrel	Thalassoica antarctica (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Cape petrel	Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758)
Snow petrel	Pagodroma nivea (Forster, G, 1777)	vagrant, Heard & Macquarie Island
Kerguelen petrel	Aphrodroma brevirostris (Lesson, RP, 1831)
Great-winged petrel	Pterodroma macroptera (Smith, A, 1840)
Grey-faced petrel	Pterodroma gouldi (Hutton, FW, 1869)	vagrant
Kermadec petrel	Pterodroma neglecta (Schlegel, 1863)	vagrant; Lord Howe Island; Norfolk Island
Trindade petrel	Pterodroma arminjoniana (Giglioli & Salvadori, 1869)	vagrant
Herald petrel	Pterodroma heraldica (Salvin, 1888)
Providence petrel	Pterodroma solandri (Gould, 1844)
Soft-plumaged petrel	Pterodroma mollis (Gould, 1844)
Barau's petrel	Pterodroma baraui (Jouanin, 1964)	vagrant
White-headed petrel	Pterodroma lessonii (Garnot, 1826)
Mottled petrel	Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster, JR, 1844)
Juan Fernandez petrel	Pterodroma externa (Salvin, 1875)	vagrant
Atlantic petrel	Pterodroma incerta (Schlegel, 1863)	vagrant
White-necked petrel	Pterodroma cervicalis (Salvin, 1891)
Black-winged petrel	Pterodroma nigripennis (Rothschild, 1893)
Cook's petrel	Pterodroma cookii (Gray, GR, 1843)
Gould's petrel	Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844)
Collared petrel	Pterodroma brevipes (Peale, 1849)	vagrant
Stejneger's petrel	Pterodroma longirostris (Stejneger, 1893)	vagrant
Pycroft's petrel	Pterodroma pycrofti Falla, 1933	extirpated, Norfolk Island; possible vagrant
Vanuatu petrel	Pterodroma occulta Imber & Tennyson, 2001	vagrant
Blue petrel	Halobaena caerulea (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Fairy prion	Pachyptila turtur (Kuhl, 1820)
Broad-billed prion	Pachyptila vittata (Forster, G, 1777)
Salvin's prion	Pachyptila salvini (Mathews, 1912)
Antarctic prion	Pachyptila desolata (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Slender-billed prion	Pachyptila belcheri (Mathews, 1912)
Fulmar prion	Pachyptila crassirostris (Mathews, 1912)	vagrant; Heard Island
Bulwer's petrel	Bulweria bulwerii (Jardine & Selby, 1828)
Jouanin's petrel	Bulweria fallax Jouanin, 1955
Tahiti petrel	Pseudobulweria rostrata (Peale, 1849)
Grey petrel	Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, JF, 1789
White-chinned petrel	Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus, 1758
Parkinson's petrel	Procellaria parkinsoni Gray, GR, 1862
Westland petrel	Procellaria westlandica Falla, 1946
Streaked shearwater	Calonectris leucomelas (Temminck, 1836)
Cory's shearwater	Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881)	vagrant
Pink-footed shearwater	Ardenna creatopus (Coues, 1864)	vagrant
Flesh-footed shearwater	Ardenna carneipes (Gould, 1844)
Great shearwater	Ardenna gravis (O'Reilly, 1818)	vagrant
Wedge-tailed shearwater	Ardenna pacifica (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Buller's shearwater	Ardenna bulleri (Salvin, 1888)
Sooty shearwater	Ardenna grisea (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Short-tailed shearwater	Ardenna tenuirostris (Temminck, 1836)
Manx shearwater	Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764)	vagrant
Hutton's shearwater	Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912
Newell's shearwater	Puffinus newelli Henshaw, 1900	vagrant
Fluttering shearwater	Puffinus gavia (Forster, JR, 1844)
Little shearwater	Puffinus assimilis Gould, 1838
Subantarctic shearwater	Puffinus elegans Giglioli & Salvadori, 1869
Tropical shearwater	Puffinus bailloni Bonaparte, 1857	vagrant
Persian shearwater	Puffinus persicus Hume, 1872	possible vagrant
Heinroth's shearwater	Puffinus heinrothi Reichenow, 1919	vagrant
Common diving-petrel	Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
South Georgian diving-petrel	Pelecanoides georgicus Murphy & Harper, 1916	Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Black-necked stork	Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus (Latham, 1790)

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes Family: Fregatidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Lesser frigatebird	Fregata ariel (Gray, GR, 1845)
Christmas Island frigatebird	Fregata andrewsi Mathews, 1914	Christmas Island; mainland vagrant
Great frigatebird	Fregata minor (Gmelin, JF, 1789)

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes Family: Sulidae

6 species recorded [5 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. Six species have been recorded from Australian territory.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Masked booby	Sula dactylatra Lesson, RP, 1831
Brown booby	Sula leucogaster (Boddaert, 1783)
Red-footed booby	Sula sula (Linnaeus, 1766)
Abbott's booby	Papasula abbotti (Ridgway, 1893)	Christmas Island; mainland vagrant
Cape gannet	Morus capensis (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)	vagrant
Australasian gannet	Morus serrator (Gray, GR, 1843)

Anhingas

Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Anhingas or darters are cormorant-like water birds with long necks and long, straight bills. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water. One species is found in Australia.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Oriental darter	Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, 1769	vagrant
Australasian darter	Anhinga novaehollandiae (Gould, 1847)

Cormorants and shags

Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae

10 species recorded [7 extant native, 2 vagrant]
Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the order Pelecaniformes. Nine species occur in Australian territory, with two as vagrants.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Little pied cormorant	Microcarbo melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817)
Great cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Spotted shag	Phalacrocorax punctatus (Sparrman, 1786)	vagrant
Little black cormorant	Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (Brandt, JF, 1837)
Pied cormorant	Phalacrocorax varius (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Black-faced cormorant	Phalacrocorax fuscescens (Vieillot, 1817)
Imperial shag	Leucocarbo atriceps (King, PP, 1828)	Heard & Macquarie Island
Kerguelen shag	Leucocarbo verrucosus (Cabanis, 1875)	vagrant
Macquarie shag	Leucocarbo purpurascens (Brandt, JF, 1837)
Heard Island shag	Leucocarbo nivalis (Falla, 1937)

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. One species has been recorded in Australia.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian pelican	Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminck, 1824

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae

25 species recorded [15 extant native, 10 vagrant]
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons, and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australasian bittern	Botaurus poiciloptilus (Wagler, 1827)
Yellow bittern	Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Black-backed bittern	Ixobrychus dubius Mathews, 1912
Schrenck's bittern	Ixobrychus eurhythmus (Swinhoe, 1873)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Cinnamon bittern	Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Black bittern	Ixobrychus flavicollis (Latham, 1790)
Grey heron	Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Pacific heron	Ardea pacifica Latham, 1801
Great-billed heron	Ardea sumatrana Raffles, 1822
Purple heron	Ardea purpurea Linnaeus, 1766	vagrant
Great egret	Ardea alba Linnaeus, 1758
Intermediate egret	Ardea intermedia Wagler, 1829
White-faced heron	Egretta novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790)
Little egret	Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766)
Western reef-heron	Egretta gularis (Bosc, 1792)	possibly Cocos (Keeling) Islands but likely hybridised with E. sacra
Pacific reef-heron	Egretta sacra (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Pied heron	Egretta picata (Gould, 1845)
Cattle egret	Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Chinese pond-heron	Ardeola bacchus (Bonaparte, 1855)	vagrant
Javan pond-heron	Ardeola speciosa (Horsfield, 1821)	vagrant
Striated heron	Butorides striatus
Black-crowned night-heron	Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Nankeen night-heron	Nycticorax caledonicus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
Japanese night-heron	Gorsachius goisagi (Temminck, 1836)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Malayan night-heron	Gorsachius melanolophus (Raffles, 1822)	vagrant, Christmas Island

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Glossy ibis	Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Australian ibis	Threskiornis moluccus
Straw-necked ibis	Threskiornis spinicollis (Jameson, 1835)
Royal spoonbill	Platalea regia Gould, 1838
Yellow-billed spoonbill	Platalea flavipes Gould, 1838

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Pandionidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae

22 species recorded [17 extant native, 5 vagrant]
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Black-shouldered kite	Elanus axillaris (Latham, 1801)
Letter-winged kite	Elanus scriptus Gould, 1842
Oriental honey-buzzard	Pernis ptilorhynchus (Temminck, 1821)	vagrant
Black-breasted kite	Hamirostra melanosternon (Gould, 1841)
Long-tailed honey-buzzard	Henicopernis longicauda (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1828)	vagrant
Square-tailed kite	Lophoictinia isura (Gould, 1838)
Pacific baza	Aviceda subcristata (Gould, 1838)
Little eagle	Hieraaetus morphnoides (Gould, 1841)
Gurney's eagle	Aquila gurneyi Gray, GR, 1861	vagrant, Torres Strait
Wedge-tailed eagle	Aquila audax (Latham, 1801)
Swamp harrier	Circus approximans Peale, 1849
Spotted harrier	Circus assimilis Jardine & Selby, 1828
Chinese sparrowhawk	Accipiter soloensis (Horsfield, 1821)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Grey goshawk	Accipiter novaehollandiae (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Brown goshawk	Accipiter fasciatus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Japanese sparrowhawk	Accipiter gularis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Collared sparrowhawk	Accipiter cirrocephalus (Vieillot, 1817)
Red goshawk	Erythrotriorchis radiatus (Latham, 1801)
Black kite	Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783)
Whistling kite	Haliastur sphenurus (Vieillot, 1818)
Brahminy kite	Haliastur indus (Boddaert, 1783)
White-bellied sea eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster

Barn-owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Sooty owl	Tyto tenebricosa (Gould, 1845)
Australian masked-owl	Tyto novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)
Australasian grass-owl	Tyto longimembris (Jerdon, 1839)
Barn owl	Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769)

Owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae

10 species recorded [6 extant native, 4 vagrant]
The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Oriental scops-owl	Otis sunia	vagrant, Barrow Island, WA
Buffy fish-owl	Ketupa ketupu (Horsfield, 1821)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Rufous owl	Ninox rufa (Gould, 1846)
Powerful owl	Ninox strenua (Gould, 1838)
Barking owl	Ninox connivens (Latham, 1801)
Southern boobook	Ninox boobook (Latham, 1801)
Tasmanian boobook	Ninox leucopsis (Gould, 1838)
Brown boobook	Ninox scutulata (Raffles, 1822)	vagrant
Northern boobook	Ninox japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)	vagrant
Christmas Island boobook	Ninox natalis Lister, 1889	Christmas Island

Hoopoes

Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Upupidae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
Hoopoes have black, white, and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Eurasian hoopoe	Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae

15 species recorded [11 extant native, 4 vagrant]
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Common kingfisher	Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Azure kingfisher	Ceyx azureus (Latham, 1801)
Little kingfisher	Ceyx pusillus Temminck, 1836
Laughing kookaburra	Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783)
Blue-winged kookaburra	Dacelo leachii Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Black-capped kingfisher	Halcyon pileata (Boddaert, 1783)	vagrant
Red-backed kingfisher	Todiramphus pyrrhopygia
Forest kingfisher	Todiramphus macleayii (Jardine & Selby, 1830)
Torresian kingfisher	Todiramphus sordidus (Gould, 1842)
Sacred kingfisher	Todiramphus sanctus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Collared kingfisher	Todiramphus chloris (Boddaert, 1783)
Yellow-billed kingfisher	Syma torotoro Lesson, RP, 1827
Little paradise-kingfisher	Tanysiptera hydrocharis Gray, GR, 1858	vagrant, Torres Strait
Common paradise-kingfisher	Tanysiptera galatea Gray, GR, 1859	vagrant, Torres Strait
Buff-breasted paradise-kingfisher	Tanysiptera sylvia Gould, 1850

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Meropidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia, and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies, and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Rainbow bee-eater	Merops ornatus Latham, 1801

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
European roller	Coracias garrulus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dollarbird	Eurystomus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766)

Falcons and caracaras

Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae

7 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Nankeen kestrel	Falco cenchroides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Amur falcon	Falco amurensis Radde, 1863	vagrant
Eurasian hobby	Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Australian hobby	Falco longipennis Swainson, 1838
Brown falcon	Falco berigora Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Grey falcon	Falco hypoleucos Gould, 1841
Black falcon	Falco subniger Gray, GR, 1843
Peregrine falcon	Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771

New Zealand parrots

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Nestoridae

1 species recorded [1 extinct native]
The family diverged from the other parrots around 82 million years ago when New Zealand broke off from Gondwana, while the ancestors of the genera Nestor and Strigops diverged from each other between 60 and 80 million years ago.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Norfolk kaka	Nestor productus (Gould, 1836)	extinct, Norfolk Island

Cockatoos

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Cacatuidae

14 species recorded [14 extant native]
The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Palm cockatoo	Probosciger aterrimus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Red-tailed black-cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus banksii (Latham, 1790)
Glossy black-cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus lathami (Temminck, 1807)
Yellow-tailed black-cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus funereus
Carnaby's black-cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus latirostris
Baudin's black-cockatoo	Calyptorhynchus baudinii
Gang-gang cockatoo	Callocephalon fimbriatum (Grant, J, 1803)
Pink cockatoo	Lophochroa leadbeateri
Galah	Eolophus roseicapilla (Vieillot, 1817)
Long-billed corella	Cacatua tenuirostris (Kuhl, 1820)
Western corella	Cacatua pastinator (Gould, 1841)
Little corella	Cacatua sanguinea Gould, 1843
Sulphur-crested cockatoo	Cacatua galerita (Latham, 1790)
Cockatiel	Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792)

Old World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae

45 species recorded [43 extant native, 1 extirpated native, 1 extinct native]
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Superb parrot	Polytelis swainsonii (Desmarest, 1826)
Regent parrot	Polytelis anthopeplus (Lear, 1831)
Princess parrot	Polytelis alexandrae Gould, 1863
Australian king-parrot	Alisterus scapularis (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1816)
Red-winged parrot	Aprosmictus erythropterus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Eclectus parrot	Eclectus roratus (Müller, PLS, 1776)
Red-cheeked parrot	Geoffroyus geoffroyi (Bechstein, 1811)
Eastern ground parrot	Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr, 1792)
Western ground parrot	Pezoporus flaviventris
Night parrot	Pezoporus occidentalis (Gould, 1861)
Bourke's parrot	Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould, 1841)
Blue-winged parrot	Neophema chrysostoma (Kuhl, 1820)
Elegant parrot	Neophema elegans (Gould, 1837)
Rock parrot	Neophema petrophila (Gould, 1841)
Orange-bellied parrot	Neophema chrysogaster (Latham, 1790)
Turquoise parrot	Neophema pulchella (Shaw, 1792)
Scarlet-chested parrot	Neophema splendida (Gould, 1841)
Swift parrot	Lathamus discolor (Shaw, 1790)
Red-crowned parakeet	Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae (Sparrman, 1787)	extirpated, Macquarie Island
Norfolk Island parakeet	Cyanoramphus cookii (Gray, GR, 1859)	Norfolk Island
Australian ringneck	Barnardius zonarius (Shaw, 1805)
Green rosella	Platycercus caledonicus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Crimson rosella	Platycercus elegans (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Northern rosella	Platycercus venustus (Kuhl, 1820)
Eastern rosella	Platycercus eximius (Shaw, 1792)
Pale-headed rosella	Platycercus adscitus (Latham, 1790)
Western rosella	Platycercus icterotis (Temminck & Kuhl, 1820)
Greater bluebonnet	Northiella haematogaster (Gould, 1838)
Naretha bluebonnet	Northiella narethae (White, HL, 1921)
Red-rumped parrot	Psephotus haematonotus (Gould, 1838)
Mulga parrot	Psephotus varius
Hooded parrot	Psephotus dissimilis
Golden-shouldered parrot	Psephotus chrysopterygius
Paradise parrot	Psephotus pulcherrimus	extinct
Red-capped parrot	Purpureicephalus spurius (Kuhl, 1820)
Double-eyed fig-parrot	Cyclopsitta diophthalma (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841)
Budgerigar	Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805)
Musk lorikeet	Glossopsitta concinna (Shaw, 1791)
Little lorikeet	Parvipsitta pusilla (Shaw, 1790)
Purple-crowned lorikeet	Parvipsitta porphyrocephala (Dietrichsen, 1837)
Varied lorikeet	Psitteuteles versicolor (Lear, 1831)
Coconut lorikeet	Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771)	Torres Strait
Red-collared lorikeet	Trichoglossus rubritorquis Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Rainbow lorikeet	Trichoglossus moluccanus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Scaly-breasted lorikeet	Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus (Kuhl, 1820)

Pittas

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pittidae

6 species recorded [3 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards and are stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails, and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects, and similar invertebrates.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Papuan pitta	Erythropitta macklotii (Temminck, 1834)
Blue-winged pitta	Pitta moluccensis (Müller, PLS, 1776)	vagrant
Fairy pitta	Pitta nympha Temminck & Schlegel, 1847	vagrant
Hooded pitta	Pitta sordida (Müller, PLS, 1776)	vagrant, Barrow Island, WA
Noisy pitta	Pitta versicolor Swainson, 1825
Rainbow pitta	Pitta iris Gould, 1842

Lyrebirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Menuridae

2 species [2 extant native]
Lyrebirds are most notable for their superb ability to mimic natural and artificial sounds from their environment, and the striking beauty of the male bird's huge tail when it is fanned out in courtship display.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Albert's lyrebird	Menura alberti Bonaparte, 1850
Superb lyrebird	Menura novaehollandiae Latham, 1801

Scrub-birds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Atrichornithidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The scrub-bird family is ancient and is understood to be most closely related to the lyrebirds, and probably also the bowerbirds and treecreepers.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Rufous scrub-bird	Atrichornis rufescens (Ramsay, EP, 1866)
Noisy scrub-bird	Atrichornis clamosus (Gould, 1844)

Bowerbirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Ptilonorhynchidae

11 species recorded [11 extant native]
The bowerbirds are small to medium-sized passerine birds. The males notably build a bower to attract a mate. Depending on the species, the bower ranges from a circle of cleared earth with a small pile of twigs in the center to a complex and highly decorated structure of sticks and leaves.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spotted catbird	Ailuroedus maculosus Ramsay, EP, 1875
Black-eared catbird	Ailuroedus melanotis (Gray, GR, 1858)
Green catbird	Ailuroedus crassirostris (Paykull, 1815)
Tooth-billed bowerbird	Scenopoeetes dentirostris (Ramsay, EP, 1876)
Golden bowerbird	Amblyornis newtonianus
Regent bowerbird	Sericulus chrysocephalus (Lewin, 1808)
Satin bowerbird	Ptilonorhynchus violaceus (Vieillot, 1816)
Western bowerbird	Ptilonorhynchus guttatus
Spotted bowerbird	Ptilonorhynchus maculatus
Great bowerbird	Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis
Fawn-breasted bowerbird	Ptilonorhynchus cerviniventris

Australasian treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Climacteridae

6 species recorded [6 extant native]
The Climacteridae are medium-small, mostly brown-coloured birds with patterning on their underparts.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
White-throated treecreeper	Cormobates leucophaea (Latham, 1801)
White-browed treecreeper	Climacteris affinis Blyth, 1863
Red-browed treecreeper	Climacteris erythrops Gould, 1841
Brown treecreeper	Climacteris picumnus Temminck, 1824
Black-tailed treecreeper	Climacteris melanura
Rufous treecreeper	Climacteris rufa

Fairywrens

Order: Passeriformes Family: Maluridae

27 species recorded [27 extant native]
Maluridae is a family of small, insectivorous passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea. They are socially monogamous and sexually promiscuous, meaning that although they form pairs between one male and one female, each partner will mate with other individuals and even assist in raising the young from such pairings.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Grey grasswren	Amytornis barbatus Favaloro & McEvey, 1968
Rufous grasswren	Amytornis whitei Mathews, 1910
Opalton grasswren	Amytornis rowleyi Schodde & Mason, IJ, 1999
Striated grasswren	Amytornis striatus (Gould, 1840)
White-throated grasswren	Amytornis woodwardi Hartert, EJO, 1905
Carpentarian grasswren	Amytornis dorotheae (Mathews, 1914)
Short-tailed grasswren	Amytornis merrotsyi Mellor, 1913
Western grasswren	Amytornis textilis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Thick-billed grasswren	Amytornis modestus (North, 1902)
Black grasswren	Amytornis housei (Milligan, 1902)
Eyrean grasswren	Amytornis goyderi (Gould, 1875)
Dusky grasswren	Amytornis purnelli (Mathews, 1914)
Kalkadoon grasswren	Amytornis ballarae Condon, 1969
Southern emuwren	Stipiturus malachurus (Shaw, 1798)
Rufous-crowned emuwren	Stipiturus ruficeps Campbell, AJ, 1899
Mallee emuwren	Stipiturus mallee Campbell, AJ, 1908
Purple-crowned fairywren	Malurus coronatus Gould, 1858
Red-winged fairywren	Malurus elegans Gould, 1837
Blue-breasted fairywren	Malurus pulcherrimus Gould, 1844
Purple-backed fairywren	Malurus assimilis North, 1901
Variegated fairywren	Malurus lamberti Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Lovely fairywren	Malurus amabilis Gould, 1852
Splendid fairywren	Malurus splendens (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
Superb fairywren	Malurus cyaneus (Ellis, 1782)
White-winged fairywren	Malurus leucopterus Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
Red-backed fairywren	Malurus melanocephalus (Latham, 1801)

Honeyeaters

Order: Passeriformes Family: Meliphagidae

76 species recorded [76 extant native]
The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family of small to medium-sized birds most common in Australia and New Guinea. They are nectar feeders and closely resemble other nectar-feeding passerines.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Eastern spinebill	Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris (Latham, 1801)
Western spinebill	Acanthorhynchus superciliosus Gould, 1837
Pied honeyeater	Certhionyx variegatus Lesson, RP, 1830
Yellow-spotted honeyeater	Meliphaga notata (Gould, 1867)
Lewin's honeyeater	Meliphaga lewinii (Swainson, 1837)
White-lined honeyeater	Territornis albilineata (White, HL, 1917)
Kimberley honeyeater	Territornis fordiana (Schodde, 1989)
Graceful honeyeater	Microptilotis gracilis (Gould, 1866)
Cryptic honeyeater	Microptilotis imitatrix (Mathews, 1912)
Yellow honeyeater	Stomiopera flava (Gould, 1843)
White-gaped honeyeater	Stomiopera unicolor (Gould, 1843)
White-fronted honeyeater	Purnella albifrons (Gould, 1841)
Yellow-faced honeyeater	Caligavis chrysops (Latham, 1801)
Yellow-tufted honeyeater	Lichenostomus melanops (Latham, 1801)
Purple-gaped honeyeater	Lichenostomus cratitius (Gould, 1841)
Bell miner	Manorina melanophrys (Latham, 1801)
Noisy miner	Manorina melanocephala (Latham, 1801)
Yellow-throated miner	Manorina flavigula (Gould, 1840)
Black-eared miner	Manorina melanotis (Wilson, FE, 1911)
Bridled honeyeater	Bolemoreus frenatus (Ramsay, EP, 1874)
Eungella honeyeater	Bolemoreus hindwoodi (Longmore & Boles, 1983)
Spiny-cheeked honeyeater	Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould, 1838
Little wattlebird	Anthochaera chrysoptera (Latham, 1801)
Western wattlebird	Anthochaera lunulata Gould, 1838
Regent honeyeater	Anthochaera phrygia (Shaw, 1794)
Red wattlebird	Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw, 1790)
Yellow wattlebird	Anthochaera paradoxa (Daudin, 1800)
Varied honeyeater	Gavicalis versicolor (Gould, 1843)
Mangrove honeyeater	Gavicalis fasciogularis (Gould, 1854)
Singing honeyeater	Gavicalis virescens (Vieillot, 1817)
Yellow-plumed honeyeater	Ptilotula ornata (Gould, 1838)
White-plumed honeyeater	Ptilotula penicillata (Gould, 1837)
Yellow-tinted honeyeater	Ptilotula flavescens (Gould, 1840)
Fuscous honeyeater	Ptilotula fusca (Gould, 1837)
Grey-headed honeyeater	Ptilotula keartlandi (North, 1895)
Grey-fronted honeyeater	Ptilotula plumula (Gould, 1841)
Brown-backed honeyeater	Ramsayornis modestus (Gray, GR, 1858)
Bar-breasted honeyeater	Ramsayornis fasciatus (Gould, 1843)
Rufous-banded honeyeater	Conopophila albogularis (Gould, 1843)
Rufous-throated honeyeater	Conopophila rufogularis (Gould, 1843)
Grey honeyeater	Conopophila whitei (North, 1910)
Gibberbird	Ashbyia lovensis (Ashby, 1911)
Yellow chat	Epthianura crocea Castelnau & Ramsay, EP, 1877
Crimson chat	Epthianura tricolor Gould, 1841
Orange chat	Epthianura aurifrons Gould, 1838
White-fronted chat	Epthianura albifrons (Jardine & Selby, 1828)
Black honeyeater	Sugomel nigrum (Gould, 1838)
Dusky honeyeater	Myzomela obscura Gould, 1843
Red-headed honeyeater	Myzomela erythrocephala Gould, 1840
Scarlet honeyeater	Myzomela sanguinolenta (Latham, 1801)
Tawny-crowned honeyeater	Gliciphila melanops (Latham, 1801)
Green-backed honeyeater	Glycichaera fallax Salvadori, 1878
Banded honeyeater	Cissomela pectoralis (Gould, 1841)
Brown honeyeater	Lichmera indistincta (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Crescent honeyeater	Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera
New Holland honeyeater	Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790)
White-cheeked honeyeater	Phylidonyris niger (Bechstein, 1811)
White-streaked honeyeater	Trichodere cockerelli (Gould, 1869)
White-eared honeyeater	Nesoptilotis leucotis (Latham, 1801)
Yellow-throated honeyeater	Nesoptilotis flavicollis (Vieillot, 1817)
Blue-faced honeyeater	Entomyzon cyanotis (Latham, 1801)
White-throated honeyeater	Melithreptus albogularis Gould, 1848
Gilbert's honeyeater	Melithreptus chloropsis Gould, 1848
White-naped honeyeater	Melithreptus lunatus (Vieillot, 1802)
Black-headed honeyeater	Melithreptus affinis (Lesson, RP, 1839)
Brown-headed honeyeater	Melithreptus brevirostris (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Black-chinned honeyeater	Melithreptus gularis (Gould, 1837)
Strong-billed honeyeater	Melithreptus validirostris (Gould, 1837)
Tawny-breasted honeyeater	Xanthotis flaviventer (Lesson, RP, 1828)
Macleay's honeyeater	Xanthotis macleayana
Striped honeyeater	Plectorhyncha lanceolata Gould, 1838
Painted honeyeater	Grantiella picta (Gould, 1838)
Little friarbird	Philemon citreogularis (Gould, 1837)
Helmeted friarbird	Philemon buceroides (Swainson, 1838)
Silver-crowned friarbird	Philemon argenticeps (Gould, 1840)
Noisy friarbird	Philemon corniculatus (Latham, 1790)

Bristlebirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dasyornithidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Bristlebirds are long-tailed, sedentary, ground-frequenting birds. The common name of the family is derived from the presence of prominent rictal bristles - three stiff, hair-like feathers curving downwards on either side of the gape.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Western bristlebird	Dasyornis longirostris Gould, 1841
Eastern bristlebird	Dasyornis brachypterus (Latham, 1801)
Rufous bristlebird	Dasyornis broadbenti (McCoy, 1867)

Pardalotes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pardalotidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
Pardalotes spend most of their time high in the outer foliage of trees, feeding on insects, spiders, and above all lerps (a type of sap-sucking insect).

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spotted pardalote	Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw, 1792)
Forty-spotted pardalote	Pardalotus quadragintus Gould, 1838
Red-browed pardalote	Pardalotus rubricatus Gould, 1838
Striated pardalote	Pardalotus striatus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)

Thornbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acanthizidae

45 species recorded [44 extant native, 1 extinct native]
Thornbills are small passerine birds, similar in habits to the tits.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Pilotbird	Pycnoptilus floccosus Gould, 1851
Rockwarbler	Origma solitaria (Lewin, 1808)
Fernwren	Oreoscopus gutturalis (De Vis, 1889)
Yellow-throated scrubwren	Neosericornis citreogularis (Gould, 1838)
White-browed scrubwren	Sericornis frontalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Spotted scrubwren	Sericornis maculatus Gould, 1847
Tasmanian scrubwren	Sericornis humilis Gould, 1838
Atherton scrubwren	Sericornis keri Mathews, 1920
Tropical scrubwren	Sericornis beccarii Salvadori, 1874
Large-billed scrubwren	Sericornis magnirostra (Gould, 1838)
Scrubtit	Acanthornis magna (Gould, 1855)
Redthroat	Pyrrholaemus brunneus Gould, 1841
Speckled warbler	Pyrrholaemus sagittatus (Latham, 1801)
Rufous fieldwren	Calamanthus campestris (Gould, 1841)
Western fieldwren	Calamanthus montanellus Milligan, 1903
Striated fieldwren	Calamanthus fuliginosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Chestnut-rumped heathwren	Hylacola pyrrhopygia (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Shy heathwren	Hylacola cauta Gould, 1843
Buff-rumped thornbill	Acanthiza reguloides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Western thornbill	Acanthiza inornata Gould, 1841
Slender-billed thornbill	Acanthiza iredalei Mathews, 1911
Mountain thornbill	Acanthiza katherina De Vis, 1905
Brown thornbill	Acanthiza pusilla (Shaw, 1790)
Tasmanian thornbill	Acanthiza ewingii Gould, 1844
Inland thornbill	Acanthiza apicalis Gould, 1847
Yellow-rumped thornbill	Acanthiza chrysorrhoa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
Chestnut-rumped thornbill	Acanthiza uropygialis Gould, 1838
Slaty-backed thornbill	Acanthiza robustirostris Milligan, 1903
Yellow thornbill	Acanthiza nana Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Striated thornbill	Acanthiza lineata Gould, 1838
Weebill	Smicrornis brevirostris (Gould, 1838)
Green-backed gerygone	Gerygone chloronota Gould, 1843
Fairy gerygone	Gerygone palpebrosa Wallace, 1865
White-throated gerygone	Gerygone olivacea (Gould, 1838)
Yellow-bellied gerygone	Gerygone chrysogaster Gray, GR, 1858
Large-billed gerygone	Gerygone magnirostris Gould, 1843
Dusky gerygone	Gerygone tenebrosa (Hall, R, 1901)
Brown gerygone	Gerygone mouki Mathews, 1912
Western gerygone	Gerygone fusca (Gould, 1838)
Mangrove gerygone	Gerygone levigaster Gould, 1843
Norfolk Island gerygone	Gerygone modesta Pelzeln, 1860	Norfolk Island
Lord Howe gerygone	Gerygone insularis Ramsay, EP, 1878	extinct, Lord Howe Island
Southern whiteface	Aphelocephala leucopsis (Gould, 1841)
Chestnut-breasted whiteface	Aphelocephala pectoralis (Gould, 1871)
Banded whiteface	Aphelocephala nigricincta (North, 1895)

Pseudo-babblers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pomatostomidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
The pseudo-babblers are small to medium-sized birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea. They are ground-feeding omnivores and highly social

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Grey-crowned babbler	Pomatostomus temporalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
White-browed babbler	Pomatostomus superciliosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Hall's babbler	Pomatostomus halli Cowles, 1964
Chestnut-crowned babbler	Pomatostomus ruficeps (Hartlaub, 1852)

Logrunners

Order: Passeriformes Family: Orthonychidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The Orthonychidae is a family of birds with a single genus, Orthonyx, which comprises two types of passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea, the logrunners and the chowchilla. Both use stiffened tails to brace themselves when feeding.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Australian logrunner	Orthonyx temminckii Ranzani, 1822
Chowchilla	Orthonyx spaldingii Ramsay, EP, 1868

Quail-thrushes and jewel-babblers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cinclosomatidae

7 species recorded [7 extant native]
The Cinclosomatidae is a family containing jewel-babblers and quail-thrushes.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spotted quail-thrush	Cinclosoma punctatum (Shaw, 1795)
Chestnut quail-thrush	Cinclosoma castanotum Gould, 1840
Copperback quail-thrush	Cinclosoma clarum Morgan, 1926
Chestnut-breasted quail-thrush	Cinclosoma castaneothorax Gould, 1849
Western quail-thrush	Cinclosoma marginatum Sharpe, 1883
Cinnamon quail-thrush	Cinclosoma cinnamomeum Gould, 1846
Nullarbor quail-thrush	Cinclosoma alisteri Mathews, 1910

Cuckooshrikes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Campephagidae

8 species recorded [7 extant native, 1 extirpated native]
The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Ground cuckooshrike	Coracina maxima (Rüppell, 1839)
Barred cuckooshrike	Coracina lineata (Swainson, 1825)
Black-faced cuckooshrike	Coracina novaehollandiae (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
White-bellied cuckooshrike	Coracina papuensis (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Long-tailed triller	Lalage leucopyga (Gould, 1838)	extirpated, Norfolk Island
White-winged triller	Lalage tricolor (Swainson, 1825)
Varied triller	Lalage leucomela (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Common cicadabird	Edolisoma tenuirostre (Jardine, 1831)

Sittellas

Order: Passeriformes Family: Neosittidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The sittellas are a family of small passerine birds found only in Australasia. They resemble treecreepers, but have soft tails.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Papuan sittella	Daphoenositta papuensis (Schlegel, 1871)
Varied sittella	Daphoenositta chrysoptera (Latham, 1801)

Whipbirds and wedgebills

Order: Passeriformes Family: Psophodidae

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
The Psophodidae is a family containing whipbirds and wedgebills.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Eastern whipbird	Psophodes olivaceus (Latham, 1801)
Black-throated whipbird	Psophodes nigrogularis Gould, 1844
White-bellied whipbird	Psophodes leucogaster Howe & Ross, JA, 1933
Chiming wedgebill	Psophodes occidentalis (Mathews, 1912)
Chirruping wedgebill	Psophodes cristatus (Gould, 1838)

Australo-Papuan bellbirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oreoicidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The three species contained in the family have been moved around between different families for fifty years. A series of studies of the DNA of Australian birds between 2006 and 2001 found strong support for treating the three genera as a new family, which was formally named in 2016.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Crested bellbird	Oreoica gutturalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)

Shrike-tits

Order: Passeriformes Family: Falcunculidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The shrike-tits have a parrot-like bill, used for distinctive bark-stripping behaviour, which gains it access to invertebrates.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Eastern shrike-tit	Falcunculus frontatus (Latham, 1801)
Western shrike-tit	Falcunculus leucogaster Gould, 1838
Northern shrike-tit	Falcunculus whitei Campbell, AJ, 1910

Whistlers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pachycephalidae

14 species recorded [14 extant native]
The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and some of the pitohuis.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Sandstone shrikethrush	Colluricincla woodwardi Hartert, EJO, 1905
Bower's shrikethrush	Colluricincla boweri Ramsay, EP, 1885
Grey shrikethrush	Colluricincla harmonica (Latham, 1801)
Arafura shrikethrush	Colluricincla megarhyncha (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
Rufous shrikethrush	Colluricincla rufogaster Gould, 1845
Olive whistler	Pachycephala olivacea Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Red-lored whistler	Pachycephala rufogularis Gould, 1841
Gilbert's whistler	Pachycephala inornata Gould, 1841
Golden whistler	Pachycephala pectoralis (Latham, 1801)
Western whistler	Pachycephala fuliginosa Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Black-tailed whistler	Pachycephala melanura Gould, 1843
Grey whistler	Pachycephala simplex Gould, 1843
Rufous whistler	Pachycephala rufiventris (Latham, 1801)
White-breasted whistler	Pachycephala lanioides Gould, 1840

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oriolidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Olive-backed oriole	Oriolus sagittatus (Latham, 1801)
Green oriole	Oriolus flavocinctus (King, PP, 1826)
Australasian figbird	Sphecotheres vieilloti Vigors & Horsfield, 1827

Boatbills

Order: Passeriformes Family: Machaerirhynchidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The boatbills have affinities to woodswallows and butcherbirds, and are distributed across New Guinea and northern Queensland.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Yellow-breasted boatbill	Machaerirhynchus flaviventer Gould, 1851

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Artamidae

15 species recorded [15 extant native]
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. The cracticids: currawongs, bellmagpies and butcherbirds, are similar to the other corvids. They have large, straight bills and mostly black, white or grey plumage. All are omnivorous to some degree.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
White-breasted woodswallow	Artamus leucorynchus (Linnaeus, 1771)
Masked woodswallow	Artamus personatus (Gould, 1841)
White-browed woodswallow	Artamus superciliosus (Gould, 1837)
Black-faced woodswallow	Artamus cinereus Vieillot, 1817
Dusky woodswallow	Artamus cyanopterus (Latham, 1801)
Little woodswallow	Artamus minor Vieillot, 1817
Black-backed butcherbird	Cracticus mentalis Salvadori & D'Albertis, 1875
Grey butcherbird	Cracticus torquatus (Latham, 1801)
Silver-backed butcherbird	Cracticus argenteus Gould, 1841
Pied butcherbird	Cracticus nigrogularis (Gould, 1837)
Black butcherbird	Melloria quoyi (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1827)
Australian magpie	Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1801)
Pied currawong	Strepera graculina (Shaw, 1790)
Black currawong	Strepera fuliginosa (Gould, 1837)
Grey currawong	Strepera versicolor (Latham, 1801)

Fantails

Order: Passeriformes Family: Rhipiduridae

7 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 extirpated]
The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Northern fantail	Rhipidura rufiventris (Vieillot, 1818)
Willie-wagtail	Rhipidura leucophrys (Latham, 1801)
Rufous fantail	Rhipidura rufifrons (Latham, 1801)
Arafura fantail	Rhipidura dryas Gould, 1843
Grey fantail	Rhipidura albiscapa Gould, 1840	includes the Norfolk fantail R. a. pelzeni, which may be a subspecies of R. fuliginosa
Mangrove fantail	Rhipidura phasiana De Vis, 1885
New Zealand fantail	Rhipidura fuliginosa (Sparrman, 1787)	extirpated, Lord Howe Island; surviving Norfolk birds may be this species

Drongos

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicruridae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Crow-billed drongo	Dicrurus annectens (Hodgson, 1836)	vagrant
Spangled drongo	Dicrurus bracteatus Gould, 1843

Birds-of-paradise

Order: Passeriformes Family: Paradisaeidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
The birds-of-paradise are best known for the striking plumage possessed by the males of most species, in particular highly elongated and elaborate feathers extending from the tail, wings or head. These plumes are used in courtship displays to attract females.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Trumpet manucode	Phonygammus keraudrenii (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1826)
Paradise riflebird	Ptiloris paradiseus Swainson, 1825
Victoria's riflebird	Ptiloris victoriae Gould, 1850
Magnificent riflebird	Ptiloris magnificus (Vieillot, 1819)

Monarch flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Monarchidae

15 species recorded [13 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
White-eared monarch	Carterornis leucotis (Gould, 1850)
Island monarch	Monarcha cinerascens (Temminck, 1827)	vagrant
Black-faced monarch	Monarcha melanopsis (Vieillot, 1818)
Black-winged monarch	Monarcha frater Sclater, PL, 1874
Spectacled monarch	Symposiachrus trivirgatus (Temminck, 1826)
Frilled monarch	Arses telescophthalmus	vagrant, Torres Strait
Frill-necked monarch	Arses lorealis De Vis, 1895
Pied monarch	Arses kaupi Gould, 1851
Magpie-lark	Grallina cyanoleuca (Latham, 1801)
Leaden flycatcher	Myiagra rubecula (Latham, 1801)
Broad-billed flycatcher	Myiagra ruficollis (Vieillot, 1818)
Satin flycatcher	Myiagra cyanoleuca (Vieillot, 1818)
Restless flycatcher	Myiagra inquieta (Latham, 1801)
Paperbark flycatcher	Myiagra nana (Gould, 1870)
Shining flycatcher	Myiagra alecto (Temminck, 1827)

White-winged chough and apostlebird

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corcoracidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
They are found in open habitat in eastern Australia, mostly open eucalypt woodlands and some forest that lacks a closed canopy. They are highly social, spend much of their time foraging through leaf litter with a very distinctive gait, calling to one another almost constantly

Common name	Binomial	Notes
White-winged chough	Corcorax melanorhamphos (Vieillot, 1817)
Apostlebird	Struthidea cinerea Gould, 1837

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Laniidae

2 species recorded [2 vagrant]
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Tiger shrike	Lanius tigrinus Drapiez, 1828	vagrant
Brown shrike	Lanius cristatus Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant, Christmas Island & Ashmore Reef

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae

6 species recorded [5 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
House crow	Corvus splendens Vieillot, 1817	vagrant, introduced and now extirpated^[6]
Torresian crow	Corvus orru Bonaparte, 1850
Little crow	Corvus bennetti North, 1901
Australian raven	Corvus coronoides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
Little raven	Corvus mellori Mathews, 1912
Forest raven	Corvus tasmanicus Mathews, 1912

Australasian robins

Order: Passeriformes Family: Petroicidae

23 species recorded [23 extant native]
Most species of Petroicidae have a stocky build with a large rounded head, a short straight bill and rounded wingtips. They occupy a wide range of wooded habitats, from subalpine to tropical rainforest, and mangrove swamp to semi-arid scrubland. All are primarily insectivores, although a few supplement their diet with seeds.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Jacky-winter	Microeca fascinans (Latham, 1801)
Lemon-bellied flycatcher	Microeca flavigaster Gould, 1843
Yellow-legged flycatcher	Microeca griseoceps
Scarlet robin	Petroica boodang (Lesson, RP, 1837)
Flame robin	Petroica phoenicea Gould, 1837
Rose robin	Petroica rosea Gould, 1840
Pink robin	Petroica rodinogaster (Drapiez, 1819)
Norfolk robin	Petroica multicolor (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	Norfolk Island
Red-capped robin	Petroica goodenovii (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Hooded robin	Melanodryas cucullata (Latham, 1801)
Dusky robin	Melanodryas vittata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
White-faced robin	Tregellasia leucops (Salvadori, 1876)
Pale-yellow robin	Tregellasia capito (Gould, 1854)
Eastern yellow robin	Eopsaltria australis (Shaw, 1790)
Western yellow robin	Eopsaltria griseogularis Gould, 1838
White-breasted robin	Eopsaltria georgiana
Mangrove robin	Peneonanthe pulverulenta
White-browed robin	Poecilodryas superciliosa (Gould, 1847)
Buff-sided robin	Poecilodryas cerviniventris (Gould, 1858)
Ashy robin	Heteromyias albispecularis (Salvadori, 1876)
Grey-headed robin	Heteromyias cinereifrons (Ramsay, EP, 1876)
Northern scrub-robin	Drymodes superciliaris Gould, 1850
Southern scrub-robin	Drymodes brunneopygia Gould, 1841

Larks

Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 introduced]
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Horsfield's bushlark	Mirafra javanica Horsfield, 1821
Eurasian skylark	Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758	introduced

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cisticolidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Zitting cisticola	Cisticola juncidis (Rafinesque, 1810)
Golden-headed cisticola	Cisticola exilis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)

Reed warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acrocephalidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Oriental reed warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1847)	vagrant
Australian reed warbler	Acrocephalus australis (Gould, 1838)

Grassbirds and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Locustellidae

8 species recorded [5 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Spinifexbird	Poodytes carteri (North, 1900)
Little grassbird	Poodytes gramineus (Gould, 1845)
Brown songlark	Cincloramphus cruralis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Rufous songlark	Cincloramphus mathewsi Iredale, 1911
Tawny grassbird	Cincloramphus timoriensis (Wallace, 1864)
Gray's grasshopper warbler	Helopsaltes fasciolatus (Gray, GR, 1861)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef & possibly mainland
Pallas's grasshopper warbler	Helopsaltes certhiola (Pallas, 1811)	vagrant, Christmas Island & Ashmore Reef
Middendorff's grasshopper warbler	Helopsaltes ochotensis (Middendorff, 1853)	vagrant

Swallows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae

7 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Barn swallow	Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758
Welcome swallow	Hirundo neoxena Gould, 1842
Red-rumped swallow	Cecropis daurica (Laxmann, 1769)
Fairy martin	Petrochelidon ariel (Gould, 1842)
Tree martin	Petrochelidon nigricans (Vieillot, 1817)
Asian house-martin	Delichon dasypus (Bonaparte, 1850)	vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
White-backed swallow	Cheramoeca leucosternus

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae

2 species recorded [1 introduced, 1 extirpated]
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Red-vented bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758)	extirpated
Red-whiskered bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced

Leaf warblers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Phylloscopidae

6 species recorded [6 vagrant]
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Yellow-browed warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Dusky warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus (Blyth, 1842)	vagrant, Christmas Island
Willow warbler	Phylloscopus trochilus (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Eastern crowned warbler	Phylloscopus coronatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Arctic warbler	Phylloscopus borealis (Blasius, JH, 1858)	vagrant
Kamchatka leaf warbler	Phylloscopus examinandus Stresemann, 1913	vagrant, Ashmore Reef

Bush warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Scotocercidae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.^[7]

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Asian stubtail	Urosphena squameiceps (Swinhoe, 1863)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Zosteropidae

8 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 possibly extinct native, 1 extinct native]
The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Christmas Island white-eye	Zosterops natalis Lister, 1889	Christmas Island
Lemon-bellied white-eye	Zosterops chloris Bonaparte, 1850
Ashy-bellied white-eye	Zosterops citrinella Bonaparte, 1850
Australian yellow white-eye	Zosterops luteus Gould, 1843
Slender-billed white-eye	Zosterops tenuirostris Gould, 1837	Norfolk Island
Robust white-eye	Zosterops strenuus Gould, 1855	extinct, Lord Howe Island
White-chested white-eye	Zosterops albogularis Gould, 1837	possibly extinct, Norfolk Island
Silvereye	Zosterops lateralis (Latham, 1801)

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae

8 species recorded [2 extant native, 2 introduced, 3 vagrant, 1 extinct native]
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Metallic starling	Aplonis metallica (Temminck, 1824)
Singing starling	Aplonis cantoroides (Gray, GR, 1862)	Torres Strait
Norfolk starling	Aplonis fusca Gould, 1836	extinct, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
European starling	Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758	introduced
Rosy starling	Pastor roseus (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Daurian starling	Agropsar sturninus (Pallas, 1776)	vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Chestnut-cheeked starling	Agropsar philippensis (Pennant, 1781)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Common myna	Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766)	introduced

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae

7 species recorded [3 extant native, 2 introduced, 2 vagrant]
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Bassian thrush	Zoothera lunulata (Latham, 1801)
Russet-tailed thrush	Zoothera heinei (Cabanis, 1851)
Siberian thrush	Geokichla sibirica (Pallas, 1776)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Song thrush	Turdus philomelos Brehm, CL, 1831	introduced
Eurasian blackbird	Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758	introduced
Eye-browed thrush	Turdus obscurus Gmelin, JF, 1789	vagrant
Island thrush	Turdus poliocephalus Latham, 1801	Christmas Island

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Muscicapidae

9 species recorded [9 vagrant]
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Grey-streaked flycatcher	Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinhoe, 1861)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dark-sided flycatcher	Muscicapa sibirica Gmelin, JF, 1789	vagrant
Asian brown flycatcher	Muscicapa dauurica Pallas, 1811	vagrant, Ashmore Reef, Browse & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Blue-and-white flycatcher	Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Temminck, 1829)	vagrant
Siberian blue robin	Larvivora cyane (Pallas, 1776)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Siberian rubythroat	Calliope calliope (Pallas, 1776)	vagrant
Narcissus flycatcher	Ficedula narcissina (Temminck, 1836)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef, Barrow Island, WA & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Mugimaki flycatcher	Ficedula mugimaki (Temminck, 1836)	vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Blue rock-thrush	Monticola solitarius (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
Amur stonechat	Saxicola stejnegeri (Parrot, 1908)	vagrant
Isabelline wheatear	Oenanthe isabellina (Temminck, 1829)	vagrant

Flowerpeckers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicaeidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills, and tubular tongues.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Red-capped flowerpecker	Dicaeum geelvinkianum Meyer, AB, 1874	Torres Strait
Mistletoebird	Dicaeum hirundinaceum (Shaw, 1792)

Sunbirds and spiderhunters

Order: Passeriformes Family: Nectariniidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Olive-backed sunbird	Nectarinia jugularis

Waxbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Estrildidae

22 species recorded [18 extant native, 3 introduced, 1 vagrant]
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Painted firetail	Emblema pictum Gould, 1842
Beautiful firetail	Stagonopleura bella (Latham, 1801)
Red-eared firetail	Stagonopleura oculata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
Diamond firetail	Stagonopleura guttata (Shaw, 1796)
Red-browed finch	Neochmia temporalis (Latham, 1801)
Crimson finch	Neochmia phaeton (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841)
Star finch	Bathilda ruficauda (Gould, 1837)
Plum-headed finch	Aidemosyne modesta (Gould, 1837)
Zebra finch	Taeniopygia guttata (Vieillot, 1817)
Double-barred finch	Stizoptera bichenovii (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Masked finch	Poephila personata Gould, 1842
Long-tailed finch	Poephila acuticauda (Gould, 1840)
Black-throated finch	Poephila cincta (Gould, 1837)
Blue-faced parrotfinch	Erythrura trichroa (Kittlitz, 1833)
Gouldian finch	Chloebia gouldiae (Gould, 1844)
Scaly-breasted munia	Lonchura punctulata (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced, mainland; vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Chestnut munia	Lonchura atricapilla (Vieillot, 1807)	introduced
Pale-headed munia	Lonchura pallida (Wallace, 1864)	vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Yellow-rumped munia	Lonchura flaviprymna (Gould, 1845)
Chestnut-breasted munia	Lonchura castaneothorax (Gould, 1837)
Java sparrow	Padda oryzivora (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced, Christmas Island
Pictorella munia	Heteromunia pectoralis (Gould, 1841)

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae

2 species recorded [2 introduced]
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
House sparrow	Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced
Eurasian tree sparrow	Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae

10 species recorded [4 extant native, 6 vagrant]
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Forest wagtail	Dendronanthus indicus (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Grey wagtail	Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771	vagrant
Western yellow wagtail	Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758
Eastern yellow wagtail	Motacilla tschutschensis Gmelin, JF, 1789
Citrine wagtail	Motacilla citreola Pallas, 1776	vagrant
White wagtail	Motacilla alba Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant
Australian pipit	Anthus australis Vieillot, 1818
Tree pipit	Anthus trivialis (Linnaeus, 1758)	vagrant
New Zealand pipit	Anthus novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, JF, 1789)	vagrant
Pechora pipit	Anthus gustavi Swinhoe, 1863	vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Browse Island
Red-throated pipit	Anthus cervinus (Pallas, 1811)	vagrant

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae

5 species recorded [4 introduced, 1 introduced vagrant]
Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Common chaffinch	Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant from introduced NZ population, Macquarie, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
European greenfinch	Chloris chloris (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced
Common redpoll	Acanthis flammea (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced, Macquarie Island & vagrant, Lord Howe Island; in both cases, from introduced NZ population
Lesser redpoll	Acanthis cabaret (Müller, PLS, 1776)	introduced
European goldfinch	Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae

2 species recorded [1 introduced vagrant, 1 vagrant]
The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Common name	Binomial	Notes
Yellowhammer	Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758	vagrant from introduced NZ population, Lord Howe Island & possibly Macquarie Island
Yellow-breasted bunting	Emberiza aureola Pallas, 1773	vagrant

References

^ Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Melbourne: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-643-09602-8.
^ Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (1994). The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories. Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union. ISBN 978-1-875122-06-6.
^ "Birds Australia Checklist". Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
^ Lepage, Denis. "Checklist of Birds of Australia". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
^ "Birds of Western Australia, the complete checklist". WICE (World Institute for Conservation and Environment). Retrieved 13 October 2019.
^ BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus splendens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705938A131944731. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705938A131944731.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
^ Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.

[1] Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Melbourne: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-643-09602-8.

[2] Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (1994). The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories. Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union. ISBN 978-1-875122-06-6.

[3] "Birds Australia Checklist". Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.

[4] Lepage, Denis. "Checklist of Birds of Australia". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 13 October 2019.

[5] "Birds of Western Australia, the complete checklist". WICE (World Institute for Conservation and Environment). Retrieved 13 October 2019.

[6] BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus splendens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705938A131944731. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705938A131944731.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.

[IOC-7] Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.

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