Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2013-06-12/Op-ed
The tragedy of Wikipedia's commons
- Gigs is an English Wikipedia editor who has been on the site since 2005.
- The views expressed in this op-ed are those of the author only; responses and critical commentary are invited in the comments section. The Signpost welcomes proposals for op-eds at our opinion desk.
I've long thought that we should get rid of the Commons as we know it. Commons has evolved, through the actions of a tiny group of people, into a project with interests that compete with the needs of the various encyclopedias that are the primary users of Commons, and the reason it was created. It's also understaffed, which results in poor curation, large administrative backlogs, and poor policy development.
First, some background information. Commons was primarily created so we could share media between various wikis, with a secondary goal of being a free media repository. When Erik Möller proposed the idea of Commons, he also proposed an inclusion criteria, "Material would be eligible for inclusion in the Commons if it is useful to at least ONE Wikimedia project [including potential future use]."
At no point during initial discussions was it proposed that the inclusion criteria basically be the mere fact that an image was free. There was an implicit assumption throughout that the files would be free, and also encyclopedic in some way.
From inception until 2008, the main inclusion criteria at commons was the media be "useful or potentially useful" to a Wikimedia project, reflecting Möller's initial proposal comments. In 2008, a replacement policy was proposed and implemented by User:MichaelMaggs, with half a page of feedback from about six other editors. These six editors (some seemingly unwittingly) redefined the scope of Commons from a repository of files useful to Wikimedia project, to files "useful for an educational purpose".
This unchallenged action by a tiny group of people changed the scope of the project such that any media file with a free license can be included, since it is extremely easy to argue that any media is "useful for an educational purpose", no matter what it is. Even a file of white noise could be a study in tests for randomness.
In proposing Commons with a dual mission, Möller conflated solving a technical problem with a new project that turned out to be of very niche interest, a image/media gallery project that's similar to wikisource for images. If it weren't for the interwiki sharing function of Commons, it would probably enjoy a similar level of success as Wikisource; limited. So now we have a niche project with limited volunteers effectively dictating policy across all our projects.
Commons has come under attack many times in the past for hosting low-quality images of nudity and sexual acts, mostly uploaded by apparently exhibitionist editors, with the subjects being themselves or their partner. To even discuss removing them is framed as censorship. I'm not offended by nudity. What I am offended by is people abusing the encyclopedia for their own ends, to the detriment of the project.
Nearly all our policies are driven by the need to prevent this sort of abuse of Wikipedia. Policies on biographies of living people are driven largely by those who would abuse Wikipedia for purposes of defamation. Policies on neutrality and verifiability have been largely driven by the need to address those who were here to push a political agenda or promote their fringe viewpoints. What Wikipedia is not is pretty much a chronicle of all the things that people have tried to use Wikipedia for that the community has decided are detrimental to a quality encyclopedia.
Preventing uses of Wikipedia that are detrimental to our mission is the entire reason that most of our content policies exist. This isn't censorship, it's curation. There is no reason we should indulge exhibitionists who spew copious nude or sexual pictures of themselves or their partner across dozens of keywords for their own gratification, any more than we should tolerate the link spammer who spews their links across Wikipedia.
Commons has consistently failed to develop a reasonable policy on this matter. To me, this is just one more example of the failure of Commons due to lack of participation and conflicting mission. A small group is more likely to develop a self-reinforcing delusion that their position is reasonable, even when a large number of people outside the group are telling them otherwise.
Some have challenged my titling of this work "Wikipedia's commons", pointing out that the proper name is Wikimedia Commons. The encyclopedias have a dependency and tight integration with Commons, which would like to govern itself as a separate project with a completely different, and potentially conflicting mission and policy. Whether either project likes it or not, right now Commons is part of Wikipedia.
There is a fairly simple technical solution to the problem. Commons, for the purposes of interwiki sharing, doesn't need to be a project with separate administration. What we know today as "commons" can simply be a feature of Mediawiki, it doesn't need to exist outside of some computer code. When a picture or media file is uploaded to an encyclopedia, if its license is compatible, it will be registered as sharable, but still "owned" by that wiki. If the media violates that wiki's policies, it can be deleted. If another encyclopedia makes use of it in their article space before it's deleted, they will become the owner of the media. Search should easily allow the option of only searching locally owned media, or all media including interwiki media. I'm sure there are some details of this proposal that are not fully fleshed out, but I don't think any are insurmountable. The point is that the interwiki media function is a technical problem that can be solved by technical means.
The free repository function of today's Commons could still exist as a separate project, call it WikiGallery or something. In no case should it be a part of the encyclopedia interwiki media system, however, which should only include encyclopedic media.
The title of this is an homage to the tragedy of the commons. I don't know if it's hilarious, ironic, or sad that Erik Möller chose the name commons, citing the "positive connotations" of the word. Little did he know it would foreshadow the eventual lack of maintenance and resulting lack of policy maturity that would result.
Discuss this story
I think this op-ed misses a point. The trend at the moment is towards better integration between sister projects. There are plans for Wikisource texts to be partially transcludable to sister projects like Wikipedia et al. These excerpts are likely to function just like Wikimedia Commons media, while being held on an external project that also maintains its own policies and community. Wikidata is obviously another project that already does this, as a separate project etc, with data entries transcluded to its sisters. There might be some petty problems on Commons, I neither know nor care if so, but that's a Commons issue, not Wikipedia's problem. - AdamBMorgan (talk) 13:30, 14 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I'd like to see the alternative idea fleshed out more... Bennylin (talk)
"Commons has a large quantity of images relating to human genitalia. New images of low resolution or poor quality, which provide little descriptive information, of a subject we already have images of, may be nominated for deletion, citing appropriate rationale(s)";
Sorry, but this signpost rant is pretty stupid. I have contributed tens of thousands of photos to the Commons and think it is even insulting. Written by someone who doesn't like some penis pictures and obviously cannot see beyond that. The Commons are, e. g., the best and most up-to-date free image database of pre-modern art, of historical views, of heraldry, and especially of the built cultural heritage of many countries, and in many cases the best such database including all commercial competition (that is true for Germany, I think). Granted, Commons administrators are largely a bunch of idiots, and Commons policy is idiotic (e. g. the foundation's view that the stupid US URAA laws are to be enforced – we sorely need more projects like a EU Commons for that reason). But the Commons are by no means whatsoever a failed project (such as Wikispecies or Wikinews are IMHO). What the Commons need is half a dozen of paid full-time editors/administrators. That would do the trick very nicely, I think. --AndreasPraefcke (talk) 10:34, 18 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Commons stats and reach
I have tens of thousands of edits on Wikipedia, Commons, Wikia, Shoutwiki, etc.. On none of those wikis do I have less than ten thousand edits. So I am talking from lots of experience on the Commons and elsewhere.
The Commons is a sister project nowadays, no matter what its original founders had in mind. Commons has a huge number of active editors (registered users who have performed an action in the last 30 days). Compare the number to English Wikipedia:
There is no way the Commons could or should be devolved back to the individual Wikipedias. It is not technically possible, and even if partially possible technically, it makes no sense. Images are chosen and then removed constantly from pages on the Wikipedias. There is no way an image can be owned, even temporarily, by individual Wikipedias. It goes far beyond the many Wikipedias anyway.
The reach of the Commons is vast. The Commons is far better categorized than Flickr. Google image searches frequently put Commons images near the top of search results. Websites the world over copy and use Commons images. The Commons is used by non-Wikimedia wikis all over the world. Wikis can even use Commons images directly without having to copy the images over to their wikis.
Commons admins have less systemic bias overall than English Wikipedia admins. Commons admins are exemplary overall in how they deal with people from all over the world speaking many languages. No other image repository has this vast reach and multicultural understanding and access. The Commons can always use more admins. But it should not be automatically given to admins from other Wikipedias. Categorization is what the Commons is mainly about. Many Wikipedia admins and editors deal poorly with categorization in my experience. It takes practice on the Commons. It is not intuitive to many people. --Timeshifter (talk) 01:30, 17 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Jimmy Wales portrait on Commons
I'm taking no position on this, but it does seem to be related to the discussions above: Commons is currently debating whether to delete a portrait of Jimmy Wales that was created by Pricasso, who paints with his penis, and a related video on how it was made. The cumulative !votes at this point seem (to me) to be leaning slightly towards deleting them. Ed [talk] [majestic titan] 00:41, 17 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Opposition to Commons is being spearheaded by outside pressure groups seeking censorship
Those who have followed the discussion on Jimbo's talk page should recognize that an endless series of anti-Commons diatribes have originated from a few dozen members of a site Wikipediocracy run by an editor who sought to do paid editing on Wikipedia and was banned for it. If you allow your support for Wikimedia's free art gallery to be eroded by the steadfast politicking of a small group, do you think they will simply give up and go away after that? They have other causes besides that one.
We do need to find a way to get independent servers and organizations to systematically back up Commons' collection. Wikipedia is one of the world's most popular websites, worth billions of dollars as a commercial entity. Control over the traffic is worth that; and to control the traffic someone must control the content. Spreading the content dilutes that value, and with it, Wikipedia's "resource curse". If we fail to do so - if we allow censors to start taking over Commons, here is what will happen: the moment they start to smell victory, they will start fighting "second revolutions". They don't like our content, they don't value our content, nor longstanding contributors; the fact that someone writes an article weighs nothing compared to the fact it includes something someone doesn't like. Being oriented toward one thing - purges - there is only one thing the would-be new order can do to one another, given the chance. There will be no honor among thieves, just a game of Survivor, until one group has sufficient control to begin instituting harsher measures. At that point it will be too late to back up the collection because they will presumably set strict limits on downloads to prevent people from doing so, and play games with concealing the authorship/edit history to try to turn the CC-license into a commercial asset they can resell under copyright. The degradation in the site's reputation will continue until it begins to resemble one of "America's worst charities" and no longer has anything to lose by including malware ads in its servers. (The last steps in that are speculative - there are some contender organizations like the Unification Church which are more sophisticated in infiltrating resources and holding them; but in any case it is not good)
The question is not whether we can stop this progression - we can't; Wikipedia is mortal. The question is whether we can slow it down and improve our personal skills with coding, while relying on improvements in computing storage and power to make things easier, and develop a decentralized Internet "virtual" server of free articles by free editors that link to one another according to individual evaluations of each others' worth, and get readers to move over to the new network before the old one is utterly compromised. Wnt (talk) 17:33, 17 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
"Spearheaded" eh, Wnt? :) To be honest, if you think that Wikipedia is on an inevitable decline, you sound more like the most cynical Wikipediocracy members. I'm not that. I'm trying to make things better. If that sometimes means that I need to point out the same absurdity that Wikipediocracy is pointing at, then I'll do that. Gigs (talk) 16:27, 18 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Proposal
I've brought up a slightly more concrete proposal at Commons:Village_pump#June_18. Gigs (talk) 16:23, 18 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]Confused
So mostly, the issue is that Commons accepts too many files. How can that be a problem ? I guess because:
Compared to other websites, I think Commons actually does a tolerably good job on these difficult issues, but clearly there is still much room for improvement.
Then, there is a solution proposed: devolve maintenance back to individual projects. I have really no idea how it would make things better and more usable:
This proposal is bundled with another: that only files used in Wikipedia should be searchable by default. That could be implemented as easily on Commons, but that seems to me like a very bad idea as file quality is only loosely correlated with current use.
And of course there is the more specific penis issue. We actually have three possibilities:
Finally, there is the "fair use" issue that has been alluded to above. I would personnally support looking for a way to pool fair-use files. But doing it on individual wikis and then filtering transclusion by licence seems an unnecessarily complicated solution to me. --Superzoulou (talk) 10:43, 21 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Bad title in many ways
The author shows both his ignorance of Commons in both the historical and Wikimedia sense, firstly in describing Common's as belonging to Wikipedia. Commons is a Wikimedia project not a Wikipedia one, as a sister project Commons serves as an archive of educational material, an educational remit that is equal but different from wikipedia's, these sometimes intersect, but Commons serves a purpose in and of itself, one of our scope guidlines is "Commons is not an encyclopedia", just as wikinews, wiktionary, wikibooks, wikisource etc sometimes hosts material which intersects that of wikipedia but in a manner consistent with their own scope, and which are not subservient to it.
Part of my antipathy to this article is based on my antipathy to the concept of the "tragedy of the commons" which was an invention of those with a vested interest in the enclosure of common land, the theft of a resourse that belonged to everyone for their own purposes and profit. Some of that avarice I see here in the attitudes of the respondents to this oped which can be summed up as, "how can I reform Commons in such a way that I recieve the respect and privileges I think are my due." The issue of penis picks and exhibitionism is really a non issue such files are a very small part of Commons just as the salacious and contentious articles on Wikipedia are not the entirity of Wikipedia.--KTo288 (talk) 00:14, 26 June 2013 (UTC)[reply]