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M. G. Ramachandran filmography

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M. G. Ramachandran looking towards his left
M. G. Ramachandran in Mohini (1948)

M. G. Ramachandran (17 January 1917 – 24 December 1987),[1] popularly known by his initials "MGR",[2][3] was an Indian actor, film director and film producer who had an extensive career primarily in Tamil language films. After starring in numerous commercially successful films from the 1950s to the early 1970s, he has continued to hold a matinée idol status in Tamil Nadu.[2] Ramachandran made his debut in Ellis R. Dungan's 1936 film Sathi Leelavathi, where he played a police inspector.[4][5] He followed it with a string of minor appearances and supporting roles in many films, notably Ashok Kumar (1941), where he played the general of emperor Ashoka's army,[6] and as a captain in Dungan's Meera (1945).[7]

Ramachandran's breakthrough came with his first lead role in A. S. A. Sami's swashbuckler film Rajakumari (1947) where he played a villager who marries a princess.[8][9] Based on the Arabian Nights, Rajakumari was a commercially successful venture.[10] He established himself as an action hero akin to Errol Flynn and Douglas Fairbanks in Tamil cinema with Manthiri Kumari (1950) and Marmayogi (1951).[11][12] Both films had political undertones which earned Ramachandran a Robin Hood persona of being a champion for the downtrodden.[13] His performance as the caring brother Rajendran who tries to keep his family together in En Thangai (1952) earned him critical acclaim.[14] In 1953, he made his debut in Malayalam films opposite B. S. Saroja in Genova.[15] Ramachandran continued to play roles which enabled him to adopt his ideas of fighting injustice meted out to the poor such as an outlaw in Malaikkallan (1954), and Nadodi Mannan (1958).[2][13] In the latter, he featured in dual roles, as a king and a commoner, for the first time in his career.[16][17] Both Malaikkallan and Nadodi Mannan were commercially successful,[18] becoming the highest-grossing films of their respective release years.[2][19] In addition to social dramas, Ramachandran received positive feedback and commercial success for swashbuckler films such as Alibabavum 40 Thirudargalum (1956), the first South Indian full-length colour film,[20][21] Madurai Veeran (1956),[22] Chakravarthi Thirumagal and Mahadevi (both released in 1957).[2][23][24]

According to Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen in the book Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema, the success of Ramachandran's 1961 film Thirudathe, marked a beginning of transition to roles that had "a contemporary setting". He often played "a saintly member of an oppressed class".[3][9] The act of showering love and affection for his family members was a recurring theme in his films during this period.[25] The films he appeared in during the 1960s played a crucial part in his subsequent career as a politician.[26] The 1963 comedy-drama film Periya Idathu Penn had him play a farmer who seeks revenge from his village's zamindar.[27][a] The following year, he appeared in Thozhilali as a bus conductor who exposes the fraudulent methods of a rival bus company, and in Padagotti as a fisherman who resolves to end the dispute between two fishing communities.[25][29] In 1965, he collaborated with Tapi Chanakya in Enga Veettu Pillai, where he featured as twins of opposite natures, one a coward and the other courageous. He also featured in B. R. Panthulu's Aayirathil Oruvan the same year as a doctor who joins, and later becomes the leader of, a rebellion against a dictator.[30][31] Both the films were major commercial successes.[2] The romantic comedy Anbe Vaa (1966), where Ramachandran played an industrialist and was his only film under AVM Productions, is considered an antithesis of the roles he was doing during this period and was also commercially successful.[32][33] He continued to achieve success at the box-office with films like Arasa Kattalai and Kaavalkaaran (both released in 1967),[2][34] also garnering acclaim for the latter.[31][35] Ramachandran's portrayal of twins, a club dancer and a criminal, who are separated as children in Kudiyirundha Koyil (1968) garnered him the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor.[31][36] In 1969, he appeared as a prince who brings down a tyrant who usurps his throne and mistreats his people in K. Shankar's Adimai Penn, and as a government clerk who masquerades as a billionaire to defeat the corrupt trio of a doctor, a builder and a merchant in Nam Naadu.[2][37] The former won him the Best Film at the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.[35]

Ramachandran began the 1970s with roles in such social dramas as Mattukkara Velan and Engal Thangam (both released in 1970), both of which enjoyed commercial success.[9][38] The following year, he received the National Film Award for Best Actor for his role as a cycle rickshaw driver in Rickshawkaran, making it the first film and him the first actor from South Indian cinema to win the award.[39] It went on to become the highest-grossing film of the year.[2] He then directed and produced the science fiction film Ulagam Sutrum Valiban (1973) where he also starred in dual roles as brothers, a scientist and a CBI officer. It became his most commercially successful film to that point.[2][40] Ramachandran retired from filmmaking in 1978 to take up his duties as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu; his last venture, entitled Madhuraiyai Meetta Sundharapandiyan, was a commercial failure.[9][41]

Films

[edit]
  • All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.
Year Film Role(s) Notes Ref(s)
1936 Sathi Leelavathi Rangaiah Naidu [5]
[42]
Iru Sahodarargal Masthaan Credited as G. Ramachandran [42]
1938 Dakshayagnam Vishnu [9]
[43]
Veera Jagathis Baiyan [9]
[44]
1939 Maya Machhindra Sooryakethu Credited as Ramachandar [9]
[45]
Prahalada Indra [46]
1941 Vedavathi Alladhu Seetha Jananam Indrajith [9]
[47]
Ashok Kumar Mahendran Credited as M. G. Ramachandar [6]
[48]
1942 Tamizhariyum Perumal Guest appearance [9]
1943 Dhaasippen Shiva The film had two alternative titles: Jyothi Malar and Thumbhai Mahatmyam [49]
1944 Harischandra Sathyakeerthi [50]
[51]
1945 Saalivaahanan Vikramaditya [52]
Meera Jayamal [7]
[53]
1946 Sri Murugan Shiva [54]
1947 Rajakumari Mohan [9]
[10]
Paithiyakkaran Moorthy [9]
[55]
1948 Abhimanyu Arjuna Credited as M. G. Ramachandar [56]
Raja Mukthi Mahendra Varman [9]
[57]
[58]
Mohini Vijayakumar Credited as M. G. Ramachandar [9]
1949 Ratnakumar Baladevan [9]
1950 Maruthanad Elavarasee Kandeeban [9]
Manthiri Kumari Veeramohan [59]
[60]
1951 Marmayogi Karikalan Also made in Hindi as Ek Tha Raja [12]
[61]
Sarvadhikari Prathapan [9]
1952 Andhaman Kaidhi Nataraj [62]
Kumari Vijayan [9]
En Thangai Rajendran [9]
1953 Naam Kumaran Also producer [63]
[64]
Panakkaari Sundar [9]
Genova Cipresso Malayalam film
Also made in Tamil with the same title 		[15]
[65]
1954 Malaikkallan Kumaraveeran (Abdul Rahim)[b] [66]
Koondukkili Thangaraj [9]
1955 Gulebakavali Dasan [9]
1956 Alibabavum 40 Thirudargalum Ali Baba [20]
Madurai Veeran Madurai Veeran [67]
Thaikkupin Tharam Muthaiyan [9]
1957 Chakravarthi Thirumagal Udhayasuriyan [9]
[68]
Raja Rajan Rajan [9]
Pudhumai Pithan Jeevagan [9]
Mahadevi Vallavan [24]
1958 Nadodi Mannan Marthandan, Veerangan[c] Also director and producer [16]
1959 Thaai Magalukku Kattiya Thaali Kanagu [9]
1960 Baghdad Thirudan Abu [9]
Raja Desingu Tej Singh alias Desingu, Dawood Khan[c] [69]
Mannathi Mannan Manivannan [9]
1961 Arasilankumari Arivazhagan, Gunasekaran[c] [70]
Thirudathe Balu [9]
Sabaash Mapillai Vasu [9]
Nallavan Vazhvan Muthu [9]
Thai Sollai Thattathe Raju [71]
1962 Rani Samyuktha Prithviraj Chauhan [72]
Madappura Ramu [9]
Thayai Katha Thanayan Sekar [9]
Kudumba Thalaivan Vasu [9]
Paasam Gopi [9]
Vikramaadhithan Vikramaditya [9]
1963 Panathottam Selvam [9]
Koduthu Vaithaval Selvam [9]
Dharmam Thalai Kaakkum Chandran [73]
Kalai Arasi Mohan, Alien[c] [74]
[75]
Periya Idathu Penn Murugappan [27]
Anandha Jodhi Anand [9]
Neethikkupin Paasam Gopal [9]
Kaanchi Thalaivan Narasimha Pallavan (Mamallan)[b] [76]
Parisu Venu [9]
1964 Vettaikkaran Babu [77]
En Kadamai Inspector Nathan [9]
Panakkara Kudumbam Nallathambi [9]
Deiva Thai Maran [78]
Thozhilali Raju [9]
Padagotti Manickam [29]
Thayin Madiyil Raja [9]
1965 Enga Veettu Pillai Ilango, Ramu[c] [9]
Panam Padaithavan Raja [9]
Aayirathil Oruvan Manimaran [79]
Kalangarai Vilakkam Ravi [9]
Kanni Thai Saravanan [9]
Thazhampoo Durai [9]
Aasai Mugam Manohar, Vajravelu[c] [9]
1966 Anbe Vaa J. B. (Balu)[b] [32]
Naan Aanaiyittal Pandiyan [9]
Muharasi Ramu [9]
Nadodi Thyagu [80]
Chandrodayam Chandran [81]
Thaali Bhagyam Murugan [9]
Thanippiravi Muthaiah [82]
Parakkum Pavai Jeeva [83]
Petralthan Pillaiya Anandhan [84]
1967 Thaikku Thalaimagan Marudhu [9]
[85]
Arasa Kattalai Vijayan [86]
Kaavalkaaran Mani [9]
Vivasaayee Muthaiah [9]
1968 Ragasiya Police 115 Ramu [9]
Ther Thiruvizha Saravanan, Himself[c] [9]
[87]
Kudiyirundha Koyil Anand, Sekar (Babu)[d] Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor [9]
[35]
[88]
Kannan En Kadhalan Kannan [9]
Puthiya Bhoomi Katheeravan [89]
Kanavan Valaiyan [89]
Oli Vilakku Muthu [90]
Kadhal Vaaganam Sundaram [9]
[91]
1969 Adimai Penn Vengaiya Malaiyan, Vengaiyyan[c] Also producer
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film 		[35]
[92]
[93]
Nam Naadu Durai [94]
1970 Mattukkara Velan Velan, Raghu[c] [94]
[95]
En Annan Rangan [9]
Thalaivan Ilango [9]
[96]
Thedi Vandha Mappillai Shankar [9]
Engal Thangam Thangam, Himself[c] [97]
1971 Kumari Kottam Gopal [9]
Rickshawkaran Selvam National Film Award for Best Actor [9]
[35]
Neerum Neruppum Manivannan, Karikalan[c] [9]
Oru Thai Makkal Kannan [9]
1972 Sange Muzhangu Murugan [9]
Nalla Neram Raju [9]
Raman Thediya Seethai Raman [9]
Naan Yen Pirandhen Kannan [9]
Annamitta Kai Durairaj [9]
Idhaya Veenai Sundaram [9]
1973 Ulagam Sutrum Valiban Raju, Murugan[c] Also director and producer [40]
[98]
Pattikaattu Ponnaiya Ponnaiah, Muthaiah[c] [9]
1974 Netru Indru Naalai Rathnam (Manickam), Kumar[d] [9]
[99]
Urimaikural Gopi [9]
Sirithu Vazha Vendum Ramu, Rahman[c] [9]
[3]
1975 Ninaithadhai Mudippavan Sundaram, Ranjith Kumar[c] [100]
Naalai Namadhe Shankar, Vijay[c] [9]
Idhayakkani Mohan [101]
Pallandu Vaazhga Rajan [102]
1976 Needhikku Thalaivanangu Vijay [103]
Uzhaikkum Karangal Ranga [9]
Oorukku Uzhaippavan Selvam, Kumar[c] [9]
1977 Navarathinam Thangam [9]
Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga Murugan [9]
Meenava Nanban Kumaran [9]
1978 Madhuraiyai Meetta Sundharapandiyan Sundarapandian Also director [9]
1990 Avasara Police 100 Raju Posthumous release. Archive footage of Ramachandran's unfinished film Anna Nee En Dheivam used. [9]
[104]
[105]
1991 Nallathai Naadu Kekum Jeeva Posthumous release. Archive footage of Ramachandran's unfinished film of the same name used. [104]
[106]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The word zamindar refers to a landowner who leases his land to tenant farmers.[28]
  2. ^ a b c M. G. Ramachandran played a single character in the film who has two or more different names.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q M. G. Ramachandran played dual roles in this film.
  4. ^ a b M. G. Ramachandran played dual roles in this film, one of who has two or more different names.

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mishra, Nivedita (17 January 2017). "MGR's centenary: The man who dominated Tamil films for 3 decades". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  3. ^ a b c Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 188.
  4. ^ Kannan 2010, p. 85; Kannan 2017, p. 37.
  5. ^ a b Jeshi, K. (24 September 2012). "Tunes and trivia". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
  6. ^ a b Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 288.
  7. ^ a b Guy, Randor (28 March 2008). "Meera 1945". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 June 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  8. ^ Sri Kantha, Sachi (12 December 2012). "MGR Remembered, Part 1". Ilankai Tamil Sangam. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci Film News Anandan (23 October 2004). சாதனைகள் படைத்த தமிழ்த் திரைப்பட வரலாறு – புரட்சி நடிகர் நடித்த திரைப்படங்கள் [History of Landmark Tamil Films – MGR Filmography] (in Tamil). Chennai: Sivakami Publishers. Archived from the original on 3 June 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
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  38. ^ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, pp. 400, 403.
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  83. ^ Guy, Randor (14 May 2016). "Parakkum Paavai (1966)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  84. ^ Guy, Randor (7 May 2016). "Petraalthan Pillaiya (1966)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  85. ^ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 394.
  86. ^ Guy, Randor (24 April 2016). "Arasa Kattalai (1967)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  87. ^ Ther Thiruvizha : MGR Speech. Tamil Movies (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Devar Films. 1968. Ramachandran appears as himself from 00:00:00 to 00:02:42.
  88. ^ Kudiyirundha Koyil. Rajshri Tamil (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Saravana Screens. 1968. Character's names mentioned from 00:15:50 to 00:18:05, 00:48:05 to 00:48:15 and 02:30:45 to 02:31:00.
  89. ^ a b Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 396.
  90. ^ Guy, Randor (6 March 2016). "Oli Vilakku (1968)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  91. ^ Kadhal Vaaganam. Tamil Movies (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Devar Films. 1968. Character's name mentioned from 00:04:35 to 00:04:45.
  92. ^ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 398.
  93. ^ Adimaippenn. Raj Video Vision Tamil (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Emgeeyar Pictures Ltd. 1969. Character of Vengaiya Malaiyan seen from 00:01:10 to 00:07:30.
  94. ^ a b Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 400.
  95. ^ Maattukara Velan. Raj Video Vision Tamil (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Jayanthi Films. 1970. The name of M. G. Ramachandran's second character Raghu is mentioned from 00:19:30 to 00:22:30.
  96. ^ "Thalaivan Poster". Thomas Pictures. 1970. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  97. ^ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 403.
  98. ^ Guy, Randor (30 April 2016). "Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  99. ^ Netru Indru Naalai. Tamil Movies (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Amalraj Films. 1974. Character's names mentioned from 01:12:35 to 01:19:25, 02:24:00 to 02:27:00 and 02:30:40 to 02:32:00.
  100. ^ Guy, Randor (10 April 2016). "Ninaithathai Mudippavan (1975) Tamil". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  101. ^ Guy, Randor (17 April 2016). "Idhayakkani (1975)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  102. ^ Guy, Randor (20 March 2016). "Pallandu Vazhga (1975) Tamil". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  103. ^ Guy, Randor (24 January 2016). "Neethikku Thalai Vanangu (1976)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  104. ^ a b சுவாமிநாதன், ஸ்ரீதர் (12 April 2016). "எம்ஜிஆர் 100 – 41 - அமுதசுரபி!" [MGR 100 – 41 – Amudhasurabhi!]. The Hindu Tamil (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  105. ^ "விகடன் மேடை - கே.பாக்யராஜ்" [In Vikatan – K. Bhagyaraj]. Ananda Vikatan (in Tamil). 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  106. ^ Nallathai Naadu Kekum. Classic Movies (Motion picture) (in Tamil). India: Jeppiar Pictures. 1991. Character's name mentioned from 00:46:50 to 00:49:10.

Bibliography

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